00-小學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)典型應(yīng)用題30類

1、第1頁共43頁小學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)典型應(yīng)用題目錄01歸一問題..................................................................................................302歸總問題...........................................................................................

2、.......303和差問題..................................................................................................404和倍問題..................................................................................................605

3、差倍問題...................................................................................................706倍比問題..................................................................................................807相遇問題.....

4、.............................................................................................908追及問題................................................................................................1009植樹問題................

5、................................................................................1210年齡問題................................................................................................1311行船問題............................

6、....................................................................1512列車問題................................................................................................1613時(shí)鐘問題........................................

7、........................................................1814盈虧問題................................................................................................1915工程問題....................................................

8、............................................2016正反比例問題........................................................................................2217按比例分配問題...................................................................

9、.................2418百分?jǐn)?shù)問題............................................................................................2519牛吃草問題............................................................................................2

10、720雞兔同籠問題........................................................................................2821方陣問題................................................................................................3022商品利潤(rùn)問題.........

11、...............................................................................3123存款利率問題........................................................................................3324溶液濃度問題.................................

12、.......................................................3325構(gòu)圖布數(shù)問題........................................................................................3526幻方問題...........................................................

13、.....................................3627抽屜原則問題........................................................................................3728公約公倍問題...........................................................................

14、.............3829最值問題................................................................................................3930列方程問題............................................................................................41

15、第3頁共43頁01歸一歸一問題【含義】在解題時(shí)，先求出一份是多少（即單一量），然后以單一量為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，求出所要求的數(shù)量。這類應(yīng)用題叫做歸一問題。【數(shù)量關(guān)系】總量份數(shù)＝1份數(shù)量1份數(shù)量所占份數(shù)＝所求幾份的數(shù)量另一總量（總量份數(shù)）＝所求份數(shù)【解題思路和方法】先求出單一量，以單一量為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，求出所要求的數(shù)量。例1買5支鉛筆要0.6元錢，買同樣的鉛筆16支，需要多少錢？解（1）買1支鉛筆多少錢？0.65＝0.12（元）（2）買16支鉛筆需要多少錢？0

16、.1216＝1.92（元）列成綜合算式0.6516＝0.1216＝1.92（元）答：需要1.92元。例23臺(tái)拖拉機(jī)3天耕地90公頃，照這樣計(jì)算，5臺(tái)拖拉機(jī)6天耕地多少公頃？解（1）1臺(tái)拖拉機(jī)1天耕地多少公頃？9033＝10（公頃）（2）5臺(tái)拖拉機(jī)6天耕地多少公頃？1056＝300（公頃）列成綜合算式903356＝1030＝300（公頃）答：5臺(tái)拖拉機(jī)6天耕地300公頃。例35輛汽車4次可以運(yùn)送100噸鋼材，如果用同樣的7輛汽車運(yùn)送105