道橋畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)英文文獻(xiàn)翻譯--長(zhǎng)軌排法一次鋪設(shè)整體道床無縫線路施工

1、<p>　　Long track row method once build a whole way a bed have no suture road start construction</p><p>　　Abstract : Nanjing metro short sleeper long track laying a row overall bed CWR Construction, elab

2、orate short sleeper long track laying a row overall bed CWR in metro construction of the five key technologies, use of the technology in the subway construction, ensuring the quality and safety of construction, saving ti

3、me and costs, have good economic and social benefits. </p><p>　　Keywords : short sleepers and long track arrangement, the overall bed. Traction </p><p>　　China's urban rail transportation co

4、nstruction in the modernization process of reform and opening up Dongfeng Inspired by the rapid development and bounds. Currently MTR overall bed has been widely applied in short-track arrangement Construction. Short tra

5、ck scheduling major tracks "for track" and "Buy welded rail" two. Rail tracks available tools to adopt formal standards track. Tools used orbit, the need for a shop long rail that the law known as the

6、 "changing track"; The use of standard rail,</p><p>　　1. construction method </p><p>　　Construction method in a base tracks contacts within the welded rail market, 5 to 25 m of cut-to-

7、length welded rail into 125 m long rail. Then form the basis track section of rail long and short sleepers, fastener and hinge ends with a long steel rail pillow form long row. Crane with eight long-track arrangement wil

8、l be lifted into orbit long row transport train, the train on the central part of the flatbed truck with the installation of vertical and horizontal spacing of the fixed rail bearings</p><p>　　When the long

9、rail transport of Pai near surface, eight tracks from the gantry crane will be a long row synchronous orbit lifting has been delivered to the molding bed rail joint activities in the forefront of the Road Roller, the use

10、 of small pressure welder Link connectors, normalizing, grinders and flaw detection qualified, Installation was first placed in orbit transfer orbit Backstop to track the direction of the state, level, height, and gauges

11、 and arrows, etc. are of the adjustments. Repe</p><p>　　2.Construction of key technologies </p><p>　　2.1 Transport short sleeper train tracks long row through small radius curve </p>&l

12、t;p>　　25m long track ranked curve transport, the state has been able to maintain straight, 125mlong and the track curves through arrangements must be in line with the curve bending radius of the corresponding level. M

13、TR lines curve, a small radius, the smallest curve radius of 300 m, long-track arrangement can be smoothly through small radius curve, as "long-track scheduling," the key to success. </p><p>　　Long

14、-rail sleeper long row through small radius curves require considerable level, and the actual track can not provide such a large horizontal level, So long sleeper long track arrangement can in a small radius curve is use

15、d for the construction of the MTR. Short sleeper track arrangement was temporary and long steel rail pillow form the framework of the track, if long steel rail and pillow is hinged, Pai curved track, rail and steel sleep

16、er between ideal hinges, its angle can be freely adjuste</p><p>　　For hinge from both ends with a long steel pillow consisting of a short sleeper long track Pai, steel pillow spacing of 6.25-7.5, Articulated

17、 and consider the torque and friction activities rail bearing friction, Pai track the moment of inertia I preferred tracks row = 1.5 × 2I track = = 1.5 × 1048 1572cm4. </p><p>　　Therefore, short tr

18、ack sleeper long row of small radius of the curve R = 300m, with the requirements of the moment : M = EI / R = 2.1 × 1572 × 105 × 103 × 104/300 = 11.00 × 10 6N ? ? 11.00kN mm = m. Long-rail train

19、s transport arrangements in the curve, Pai track from the moment two flatbed truck Central rail bearing horizontal force composed of the couple. As the train cars used 10 12.5 m long, the limit set 16t 4-axis flatbed tru

20、ck from even linking, Rail Bearing it suffered against the horizon</p><p>　　The curve with eight tracks long gantry crane lifting rail unit Pai, Pai track from the moment two gantry crane cable Taiwan part o

21、f the component level to provide the couple</p><p>　　As a short sleeper long track arrangement was brought from the ends of the long steel hinge linking pillow, In curves transportation within and outside ra

22、il tracks still maintain the original length, the middle of the train when the flatbed truck fitted with vertical and horizontal spacing function of the fixed support fixed rail, rail row at the extremes of the outside t

23、rack will be compared to flatbed truck with indented, within the orbit relative to the field will be extended flatbed truck, i</p><p>　　2.2 Long-rail transportation arrangement grew up in the train running

24、on ramp </p><p>　　Pillow by various short and fastening components of the 125 m long track arrangement, the weight of 65 t ~ 75t, at the ramp on transport, on the locomotive traction high demand. In additio

25、n to the locomotive traction depends on the engine power, but also by the driving wheel and the rail adhesion restrictions. The greater the locomotive traction, the locomotive axle load is also greater, which in turn aff

26、ected by the elevated subway or light rail line bridge design axle load constraints. limit t</p><p>　　2.3Crane lifting unit tracks long row at the track units operating simultaneously </p><p>　　

27、When long-track arrangement delivered to the surface, Synchronization is by lifting and running synchronization function of eight tracks Crane will be a long row of lifting the rail transport to the installation location

28、. Crane used the frequency electrical and PLC programmable controller chip. Crane control system design clever and flexible conversion operation, the smooth running speed, synchronous control linkage good, eight gantry w

29、hich can be arbitrary Number combo control, user-friendly fe</p><p>　　Welding joints in 15 m, 3 m intervals established a roller frame, the provisional roll forming line, ensure that the rail welded joints i

30、n the vicinity line has been maintained, but will also reduce upended at the end of the friction track. 2) 15m outside the orbit of the arrangement are still suspended tracks Crane unit, with the door hanging from liftin

31、g about 5 cm-10 cm. Welding upended, the level of effort sling help to overcome the resistance to the end of track</p><p>　　2.4 CWR the lock. </p><p>　　"Long-track arrangement" the pou

32、ring of concrete bed, when concrete for the short sleeper rail fastening resistance than the longitudinal resistance, actually been right for long rail lock. Therefore must be recorded at the bed perfusion the track temp

33、erature, and set up observation rail crawling signs. When a unit long rail track bed sections overall construction has been completed, under construction actual situation on the rail for long lock. First basis bed perfus

34、ion the track temperature re</p><p>　　3 Conclusion </p><p>　　Practice has proven that a short sleeper long row overall rail bed construction method of construction with less pollution. Pai long

35、rail transport and rail welding on Road Construction bed interference small, short construction period, rail welding quality assurance, Welded Joints be placed sleeper, producing a smoother curve lines, and other technic

36、al features, the Metro Rail Transit and the construction of a transformation and has broad application prospects.</p><p>　　長(zhǎng)軌排法一次鋪設(shè)整體道床無縫線路施工</p><p>　　摘　要:介紹南京地鐵短軌枕長(zhǎng)軌排一次鋪設(shè)整體道床無縫線路施工方法,闡述短軌枕長(zhǎng)軌排一次

37、鋪設(shè)整體道床無縫線路在地鐵施工中的五個(gè)關(guān)鍵技術(shù),采用該技術(shù)在地鐵中施工,既保證工程質(zhì)量和施工安全,又節(jié)省時(shí)間和費(fèi)用,有較好的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)效益。</p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞:短軌枕;長(zhǎng)軌排;整體道床;牽引力</p><p>　　我國(guó)城市軌道交通建設(shè)在改革開放現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程?hào)|風(fēng)的鼓舞下迅猛發(fā)展,日新月異。目前國(guó)內(nèi)地鐵整體道床已廣泛采用短軌排法施工。短軌排法鋪軌主要有“換軌法”和“線上焊軌法”兩種。鋼

38、軌可采用工具軌也可采用正式標(biāo)準(zhǔn)軌。采用工具軌時(shí),需換鋪長(zhǎng)鋼軌,此法稱為“換軌法”;采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)軌時(shí),并在整體道床完成后,在線上直接焊接標(biāo)準(zhǔn)軌形成無縫線路的方法,稱為“線上焊軌法”。南京地鐵施工,具有隧道內(nèi)作業(yè)面小、作業(yè)條件差、線路曲線半徑小、線路坡度比較大,工期短、任務(wù)重等特點(diǎn),用以往的施工方法不能滿足需求。結(jié)合以往地鐵短軌排法施工的經(jīng)驗(yàn),借鑒高速鐵路長(zhǎng)軌排一次鋪設(shè)無縫線路的施工方法,在南京地鐵施工中開發(fā)出“長(zhǎng)軌排法一次鋪設(shè)整體道床無縫線路

39、施工工藝”(簡(jiǎn)稱長(zhǎng)軌排法)。</p><p><b>　　1　施工方法</b></p><p>　　在鋪軌基地內(nèi)設(shè)接觸焊焊軌場(chǎng),將5節(jié)25m的定尺鋼軌焊成125m的長(zhǎng)鋼軌。然后依據(jù)軌節(jié)表,將長(zhǎng)鋼軌、短軌枕、扣件和兩端帶鉸的長(zhǎng)鋼枕組成長(zhǎng)軌排。用8臺(tái)龍門吊將長(zhǎng)軌排吊裝到長(zhǎng)軌排運(yùn)輸列車上,在列車中部的平板車上安裝具有縱、橫向限位的鋼軌固定支座,在其余平板車上左右股分別安裝有

40、橫向限位容許縱向移動(dòng)的鋼軌活動(dòng)支座。</p><p>　　當(dāng)長(zhǎng)軌排運(yùn)輸?shù)阶鳂I(yè)面附近后,由8臺(tái)鋪軌龍門吊將長(zhǎng)軌排同步吊起運(yùn)送到已成型道床鋼軌接頭前端的活動(dòng)滾道上,采用小型氣壓焊機(jī)焊接連合接頭,經(jīng)正火、打磨和探傷檢測(cè)合格后,在軌排上安裝調(diào)軌支撐架,對(duì)軌道狀態(tài)進(jìn)行方向、水平、高低、軌距及正矢等方面的調(diào)整。再灌注混凝土支墩,將調(diào)整到位的軌排固定,最后灌注道床混凝土。當(dāng)一個(gè)長(zhǎng)軌條區(qū)段(道岔與道岔之間或兩緩沖區(qū)之間)整體道床

41、施工完畢后,若混凝土灌注時(shí)的軌溫不在設(shè)計(jì)鎖定范圍內(nèi),應(yīng)放散應(yīng)力,將鋼軌在設(shè)計(jì)鎖定軌溫下重新鎖定,完成整體道床和無縫線路施工。</p><p>　　2　施工中的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)</p><p>　　2.1　列車運(yùn)輸短軌枕長(zhǎng)軌排通過小半徑曲線</p><p>　　25m長(zhǎng)的軌排在曲線上運(yùn)輸時(shí),仍能維持直線狀態(tài),而125m長(zhǎng)的軌排通過曲線時(shí)必須隨線路的曲線半徑相應(yīng)水平彎曲。而地鐵

42、線路曲線多、半徑小,最小曲線半徑為300m,長(zhǎng)軌排是否能順利通過小半徑曲線,成為“長(zhǎng)軌排法”成敗的關(guān)鍵。</p><p>　　長(zhǎng)軌枕長(zhǎng)軌排通過小半徑曲線時(shí)需要相當(dāng)大的水平力,而軌道實(shí)際不能提供如此大的橫向水平力,所以長(zhǎng)軌枕長(zhǎng)軌排不能在小半徑曲線地鐵施工中采用。</p><p>　　短軌枕軌排是通過臨時(shí)長(zhǎng)鋼枕與鋼軌形成軌道框架的,如果長(zhǎng)鋼枕與鋼軌是鉸接,軌排彎曲時(shí),鋼枕與鋼軌之間為理想鉸,其

43、夾角可隨之自由調(diào)整,則鋼枕不會(huì)對(duì)鋼軌施加軸向力,外軌與內(nèi)軌可自由伸長(zhǎng)和縮短,而仍維持原長(zhǎng)度,則軌排的慣性矩為:</p><p>　　I軌排=2I軌=2×524=1048cm4。</p><p>　　對(duì)于由兩端帶鉸的長(zhǎng)鋼枕組成的短軌枕長(zhǎng)軌排,鋼枕間距為6.25~7.5,并考慮鉸接處的摩擦力矩和活動(dòng)鋼軌支座的摩擦力,軌排的慣性矩可取I軌排=1.5×2I軌=1.5×

44、1048=1572cm4。</p><p>　　故短軌枕長(zhǎng)軌排在小半徑曲線R=300m處,其所需的彎矩為:M=EI/R=2.1×105×1572×104/300×103=11.00×106N·mm=11.00kN·m。</p><p>　　長(zhǎng)軌排運(yùn)輸列車位于曲線上時(shí),軌排所需的彎矩由2節(jié)平板車中部鋼軌支座的橫向反力組成的

45、力偶提供的。由于列車采用10輛車長(zhǎng)12.5m,限載16t的4軸平板車連掛而成,故鋼軌支座所受的橫向反力F支=11.00/12.5=0.88kN,每個(gè)車輪作用在走行軌上的橫向反力為:F輪=0.88/4=0.22kN,遠(yuǎn)小于單個(gè)鋼軌扣件所允許的橫向力(40kN),故長(zhǎng)軌排運(yùn)輸是安全的。</p><p>　　在曲線上用8臺(tái)鋪軌龍門吊機(jī)組吊運(yùn)長(zhǎng)軌排時(shí),軌排所需的彎矩由2臺(tái)龍門吊索的水平分力組成的力偶提供。</p&g

46、t;<p>　　由于短軌枕長(zhǎng)軌排是由兩端帶鉸的長(zhǎng)鋼枕連接而成,在曲線上運(yùn)輸時(shí)外軌與內(nèi)軌仍維持原長(zhǎng)度,當(dāng)列車中間的平板車上安裝具有縱、橫向限位功能的固定支座將鋼軌固定后,軌排前后兩端的外軌相對(duì)于平板車將向內(nèi)縮進(jìn),內(nèi)軌相對(duì)于平板車將向外伸出,其最大竄動(dòng)量Δ=SL/4R=1.5×125/4×300=0.156m=156mm。因此在其余的平板車上應(yīng)安裝僅有橫向限位、容許縱向移動(dòng)的左右股分別設(shè)置的鋼軌活動(dòng)支座。活

47、動(dòng)支座縱向移動(dòng)由兩部分構(gòu)成,上托棍和下部移動(dòng)小車,上托棍的移動(dòng)解決兩軌枕間的移動(dòng)距離,下部移動(dòng)小車解決超出軌枕間距時(shí)的串動(dòng)量。該活動(dòng)支座以確保列車進(jìn)入曲線時(shí),長(zhǎng)軌排中間固定,左右股鋼軌可前后自由竄動(dòng)的狀態(tài)。</p><p>　　2.2　長(zhǎng)軌排運(yùn)輸列車在長(zhǎng)大坡道上運(yùn)行</p><p>　　由各類短枕和扣件組成的125m長(zhǎng)軌排,重量達(dá)65t~75t,在大坡道上運(yùn)輸時(shí),對(duì)機(jī)車的牽引力需求較高。機(jī)

48、車的牽引力除取決于發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的功率外,還受動(dòng)輪和鋼軌間的粘著力的限制。機(jī)車牽引力越大,機(jī)車的軸重也越大,這又受地鐵或輕軌高架線橋梁設(shè)計(jì)軸重的制約,限制了機(jī)車的選擇范圍。機(jī)車所能牽引的重量由貨物的重量和車輛自重組成,軌排重量?jī)H為0.52t/m~0.6t/m,對(duì)車輛載重量要求較低,采用輕型平板車是解決這一問題的關(guān)鍵,故應(yīng)設(shè)計(jì)和制造適合于地鐵施工運(yùn)輸?shù)膶Ｓ闷桨遘?。平板車可采用鐵路貨車制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的四軸車,車長(zhǎng)12.5m,車寬2.3m,自重8t,額定載

49、重量16t。 </p><p>　　2.3　鋪軌龍門吊機(jī)組吊運(yùn)長(zhǎng)軌排時(shí)的機(jī)組同步運(yùn)行</p><p>　　當(dāng)長(zhǎng)軌排運(yùn)送到作業(yè)面后,由具有同步起吊和同步行走功能的8臺(tái)鋪軌龍門吊將長(zhǎng)軌排吊起運(yùn)送到安裝位置。龍門吊采用了變頻電機(jī)和PLC芯片可編程控制器。龍門吊控制系統(tǒng)具有設(shè)計(jì)巧妙、操作轉(zhuǎn)換靈活、走行調(diào)速平穩(wěn)、聯(lián)動(dòng)控制同步性好、8臺(tái)龍門吊中可任意臺(tái)數(shù)組合連接控制、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)使用方便等特點(diǎn)。</p&

50、gt;<p>　　“長(zhǎng)軌排法”的鋼軌聯(lián)合接頭的焊</p><p>　　2.4　長(zhǎng)軌排鋼軌聯(lián)合接頭的氣壓焊接</p><p>　　接安排在整體道床施工前進(jìn)行,并與整體道床各工序形成流水作業(yè)。焊軌時(shí)長(zhǎng)鋼軌上吊掛著短枕及扣件,其重量約為長(zhǎng)鋼軌重的4倍~5倍,增加了氣壓焊頂鍛時(shí)的阻力。為了確保聯(lián)合接頭的焊接質(zhì)量,除嚴(yán)格按氣壓焊接工藝施焊外,還應(yīng)采用如下措施:</p>&

51、lt;p>　　1)在焊接接頭15m范圍內(nèi),每隔3m設(shè)一滾軸支架,形成臨時(shí)滾道線,確保鋼軌在焊接接頭附近保持一直線,同時(shí)也減少頂鍛時(shí)軌底的摩擦阻力。2)在15m范圍外,軌排仍懸吊在鋪軌龍門吊機(jī)組上,且門吊偏離吊點(diǎn)約5cm~10cm。焊接頂鍛時(shí),吊索的水平分力有助于克服軌底的阻力。</p><p>　　2.5　無縫線路的鎖定</p><p>　　“長(zhǎng)軌排法”道床混凝土灌注時(shí),當(dāng)混凝土對(duì)短

52、軌枕的阻力大于鋼軌扣件的縱向阻力時(shí),實(shí)際上已對(duì)長(zhǎng)鋼軌進(jìn)行鎖定。因此必須記錄道床灌注時(shí)的軌溫,并設(shè)置鋼軌爬行觀察標(biāo)志。當(dāng)一個(gè)單元長(zhǎng)鋼軌區(qū)段整體道床施工完畢后,可根據(jù)施工實(shí)際情況,對(duì)該段長(zhǎng)鋼軌進(jìn)行鎖定。首先依據(jù)道床灌注時(shí)的軌溫記錄,比照設(shè)計(jì)鎖定軌溫制定實(shí)施方案。當(dāng)該單元軌區(qū)段內(nèi)道床灌注時(shí)的軌溫,均在設(shè)計(jì)鎖定軌溫要求范圍內(nèi),可視該段長(zhǎng)鋼軌已在設(shè)計(jì)鎖定軌溫時(shí)鎖定,不需要進(jìn)行鋼軌應(yīng)力調(diào)整。當(dāng)該單元軌區(qū)段內(nèi)道床灌注時(shí)的軌溫,僅有局部超出設(shè)計(jì)鎖定軌溫

53、范圍,可根據(jù)實(shí)施方案將不符合區(qū)段及兩側(cè)一定范圍內(nèi)的扣件卸開,進(jìn)行鋼軌應(yīng)力放散,滿足設(shè)計(jì)鎖定要求后,進(jìn)行鎖定。當(dāng)該單元軌區(qū)段內(nèi)道床灌注時(shí),如大部分區(qū)段的軌溫超出設(shè)計(jì)鎖定軌溫,則該區(qū)段應(yīng)全部放散應(yīng)力,重新在該段設(shè)計(jì)軌溫下進(jìn)行鎖定。</p><p><b>　　3　結(jié)語</b></p><p>　　實(shí)踐證明,短軌枕長(zhǎng)軌排整體道床施工方法具有對(duì)施工環(huán)境污染小、長(zhǎng)軌排運(yùn)輸及鋼軌