土木工程專業(yè)英語

1、 1.荷載 短期荷載 short-time load 臨界荷載 critical load 持續(xù)荷載 sustained loads 恒載 dead load 活載 live load 峰值荷載 peak load 沖擊荷載 impact load 2.專業(yè)名詞 力矩面等 橫截面 cross section 隔離體 a free body 軸力 axial forces 帶肩梁 ledger

2、 beam 正應力 the normal stress 剪應力 the shear stress 固定鉸支座 a pin support 可動鉸支座 a roller support 平面內(nèi)彎矩 in-plane bending 平面外彎矩 out-of-plane bending 簡支梁 a simple beam 懸臂梁 a cantilever beam 分布力 distributed load

3、 均布力 uniformly distributed load 靜定結(jié)構(gòu) statically determinate structure 超靜定結(jié)構(gòu) statically indeterminate structure 角焊縫 fillet weld 對接焊縫 groove weld 外緣 outer edges 中性軸 the neutral axis 形心矩 centroidal distance 沙石混

4、凝土 sand-and-stone concrete 預應力混凝土 pre stressed concrete 復合應力 combined stress 極限應變 limiting tensile strain 平均正應力 mean normal stress 名義抗剪強度 nominal shear strength 慣性力 inertia force 地震作用 seismic action 廣義位移 genera

5、lized displacement 扭矩 torsion 預加應力 pre stress 托梁 corbel 3.材料 平面頂 deck 屋面防水層 water proof roofing 金屬箔層壓板 foil-laminated 鋼筋 steel 涂料 paint 木條板 lath 灰泥 plaster 楔子 wedge 基礎(chǔ) footing 橫向鋼筋 transverse reinforcement 縱筋 longit

6、udinal reinforcement 彎起縱筋 bent-up longitudinal steel 單向板 one-way slabs 腹筋 the web steel 樓梯踏步 stair tread 頂棚抹灰 plastered ceilings 承重墻 bearing wall 輕質(zhì)幕墻 light weight curtain walls 桁架 truss 構(gòu)件 member 谷倉 grain elevator

7、橋墩 bridge pier 大型結(jié)構(gòu) heavy structure 梯井 stair shaft 高層寫字樓 high-rise office 預埋構(gòu)件 metal insert 作業(yè)平臺 work plat form 企口木板 tongue-and-groove plank 施工架 constructed yoke 走道腳手架 a walkway scaffold 鉛垂線 the plumb line 噴霧器 fog spray

8、s 型鋼 structural steel 剪力墻 shear wall 平板 flat slab 合成薄板 synthetic film 防護墻板 endosing wall panels 人字起重機 derrick crane 衛(wèi)生間設(shè)施 bathroom groups 服務豎井 the service shaft 隔氣層 vapor barriers 隔熱層 insulation 結(jié)露點 dew point 空心板 hollo

9、w plank 豎向剪力墻 shear-resistant vertical wall 預制構(gòu)件 pre cast member 隔板 wall panel 4.其他 1 應力等值線 a stress contour 數(shù)值分析 numerical analysis 懸索基礎(chǔ) cable structures 試驗研究 experimental investigation 超靜定次數(shù) degree of statical

10、 indeterminaly 疊加法 method of superposition 基本結(jié)構(gòu) released structure 高跨比 span-depth ratio 彎矩圖 bending moment diagram 附著 deposit 彈性模量 modulus of elasticity 水化 hydrate 硬化 harden 變量 variables 環(huán)境相對濕度 ambient

11、relative humidity 蒸發(fā) evaporate 定向立方體單元 oriented elementary cube 初步結(jié)論 tentative conclusion 斜向拉力 diagonal tension 微分長度單元 a differential length 應力跡線 stress trajectory 骨料咬合作用 aggregate interlock 銷栓作用 dowel action

12、 延性 ductility 扭轉(zhuǎn)力偶 twisting couple 力臂 lever arm 分數(shù) fraction 取代 in lieu of 地震高發(fā)區(qū) zones of high earthquake probability 平立面 in plan elevation 平動 translation 轉(zhuǎn)動 rotation 凹部 depressions 凸起

13、projection 凸口 recess 在現(xiàn)場 on the site 誤差 error 通用規(guī)范 applicable codes Jingle all the way Oh,what fun it is to ride In a one-horse open sleigh Jingle bells,jingle bells Jingle all the way Oh,what fun it is to ride

14、In a one-horse open sleigh A day or two ago I thought I take a ride And soon Miss Fanny Bright was seated by my side The horse was lean and lank Misfortune seemed his lot He's got into a drifted bank And we, we got