美國征收碳關稅持久性政策還是政策的促進因素？【外文翻譯】_第1頁
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1、1本科畢業(yè)論文外文外文題目：UScarbontariffs:enduringpolicypolicymotivat出處：teredAccountantsJournalOctober2009作者：SanelTomlinsonBrettOliver原文：UScarbontariffs:enduringpolicypolicymotivatSanelTomlinsonBrettOliverIndecemberthewld’sattention

2、willbedrawntoCopenhagenfwhatispossiblythemostcomplexbroadrangingmultilateralagreementeverattemptedbynations–acomprehensiveagreementtoprovideftheequitabletreatmentofnationswithrespecttotheircontributiontoreducingglobalgre

3、enhousegas(GHG)emissions.Therepercussionsfglobaltradearepotentiallyenmousthewldwillbehopingthatofficialscanprogressaninternationalagreementthatminimizescompliancecostwhilesafeguardingourfuture.Thequestioniswhetherthelate

4、stcaptradelegislationonthissubjectcurrentlymakingitswaythroughtheUSlegislativeprocesswillencouragedeterglobalpolicy.Ifpassedintolawsubpart2ofthelegislationtitledPromotingInternationalReductionsinIndustrialEmissionswouldt

5、akeeffectfromJanuary12020.Thesubpart’sintentionisthat“allmajgreenhousegasemittingnationscontributeequitablytothereductionofglobalgreenhousegasemissions”isthefocusofourdiscussionbelow.1.ReasoningbehindthelegislationChinai

6、sthewld’slargestemitterofGHGsfollowedbytheUnitedStatestheRussianFederationIndiaJapanBrazilGermanytheremainingcountries(seetable1).3?ChinaGermanybothalsoassertedsubpart2contravenedWTOfreetraderules.?HowevertheWTOhassaid“i

7、tispossibletoimposeimpttariffsifsuchtaxesarealsoimposedonacountrysownindustrytoensurealevelplayingfield”.Thesereactionscombinedwiththewiderangingdiscretionaryaspectswithinsubpart2supptthenotiontheUSisconsciousanalternati

8、vegloballybasedsolutionispossiblebefe2020.ConsequentlytheupcomingtalksincludingtheUnitedNationsFramewkConventiononClimateChange(UNFCCC)areimptantespeciallyiftheyaimataddressingthefourpolitical“essentialquestions”expresse

9、dbyYvodeBoer(UNFCCCExecutiveSecretary).1Howmucharetheindustrializedcountrieswillingtoreduceemissions2HowmucharemajdevelopingcountriessuchasChinaIndiawillingtodotolimitthegrowthoftheiremissions3Howwillassistancefdevelopin

10、gcountriestoreduceemissionsadapttoimpactsofclimatechangebefinanced4HowwillthatmoneybemanagedWithquestionsonetwodeBoerwantsastrongstarttowardshapingcarbonleakageagreementstolimittheunduedisplacementofcurrentrevenuesminimi

11、zetheneedfsubpart2.3.PossibleimpactfNewZealExemptionfromsubpart2isgivenf:A.AnentityexptingintoaUSsectwheremethan85%ofgoodsarefromcompliantcountriesB.Acountrythatiseitherexemptthroughanotheragreementunderdevelopedisbothal

12、owpolluterminimalcontributtotheUSimptsectinquestion.NewZeal’sGHGreductiontargetistobe1020%below1990emissionlevelsby2020.ThisbroadlyputsNewZealaheadoftheUS(1990levelsby202050%below1990levelsby2050).OnthisbasisNewZealwould

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