胡壯麟《語言學(xué)教程》修訂版習(xí)題及答案

1、胡壯麟《語言學(xué)教程》（修訂版）測試題Chapter1IntroductionstoLinguisticsI.Choosethebestanswer.(20%)1.Languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedfhuman__________A.contactB.communicationC.relationD.community2.Whichofthefollowingwdsisentirely

2、arbitraryA.treeB.typewriterC.crashD.bang3.Thefunctionofthesentence“Waterboilsat100degreesCentigrade.”is__________.A.interrogativeB.directiveC.infmativeD.perfmative4.InChinesewhensomeonebreaksabowlaplatethehostthepeoplepr

3、esentarelikelytosay“碎碎（歲歲）平安”asameansofcontrollingthefceswhichtheybelievesfeelmightaffecttheirlives.WhichfunctionsdoesitperfmA.InterpersonalB.EmotiveC.PerfmativeD.Recreational5.Whichofthefollowingpropertyoflanguageenable

4、slanguageuserstoovercomethebarrierscausedbytimeplaceduetothisfeatureoflanguagespeakersofalanguagearefreetotalkaboutanythinginanysituationA.TransferabilityB.DualityC.DisplacementD.Arbitrariness6.Studythefollowingdialogue.

5、Whatfunctiondoesitplayaccdingtothefunctionsoflanguage—Anicedayisn’tit—Right!Ireallyenjoythesunlight.A.EmotiveB.PhaticC.PerfmativeD.Interpersonal7.__________referstotheactualrealizationoftheideallanguageuser’sknowledgeoft

6、herulesofhislanguageinutterances.A.PerfmanceB.CompetenceC.LangueD.Parole8.Whenadogisbarkingyouassumeitisbarkingfsomethingatsomeonethatexistshearnow.Itcouldn’tbesrowfulfsomelostlovelostbone.Thisindicatesthedesignfeatureof

7、__________.A.culturaltransmissionB.productivityC.displacementD.duality9.__________answerssuchquestionsashowweasinfantsacquireourfirstlanguage.A.PsycholinguisticsB.AnthropologicallinguisticsC.SociolinguisticsD.Appliedling

8、uistics10.__________dealswithlanguageapplicationtootherfieldsparticularlyeducation.A.LinguistictheyB.PracticallinguisticsC.AppliedlinguisticsD.ComparativelinguisticsII.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretruefalse.(10%

9、)11.Languageisameansofverbalcommunication.Therefethecommunicationwayusedbythedeafmuteisnotlanguage.12.Languagechangeisuniversalongoingarbitrary.languageCanyoutelluswhatlanguagewillbeifithasnosuchdesignfeature（南開大學(xué)，2004）3

10、6.Whyisitdifficulttodefinelanguage（北京第二外國語大學(xué)，2004）VI.Analyzethefollowingsituation.(20%)37.Howcanalinguistmakehisanalysisscientific（青島海洋大學(xué)，1999）Key:[InthereferencekeysIwon’tgiveexamplesfurtheranalysis.Thatseemstoomuchwkfm

11、e.Therefethiskeyisonlyfreference.Indertoanswerthiskindofquestionyouneedmeexamples.Soyoushouldreadthetextbookcarefully.–icywarmtea]I.1~5BACCC6~10BACACII.11~15FFTFF16~20FFFFFIII.21.verbal22.productivitycreativity23.metalin

12、gualfunction24.yoheho25.scientific26.deive27.speech28.diachroniclinguistic29.langue30.competenceIV.31.Designfeature:Itreferstothedefiningpropertiesofhumanlanguagethattellthedifferencebetweenhumanlanguageanysystemofanimal

13、communication.32.Displacement:Itmeansthathumanlanguagesenabletheiruserstosymbolizeobjectseventsconceptswhicharenotpresent(intimespace)atthemomentofcommunication.33.Competence:Itisanessentialpartofperfmance.Itisthespeaker

14、’sknowledgeofhisherlanguagethatisofitssoundstructureitswdsitsgrammaticalrules.Competenceisinawayanencyclopediaoflanguage.Meovertheknowledgeinvolvedincompetenceisgenerallyunconscious.Atransfmationalgenerativegrammarisamod

15、elofcompetence.34.Synchroniclinguistics:Itreferstothestudyofalanguageatagivenpointintime.ThetimestudiedmaybeeitherthepresentaparticularpointinthepastsynchronicanalysescanalsobemadeofdeadlanguagessuchasLatin.Synchroniclin