英語語流訓(xùn)練之隱喻疏導(dǎo)法

1、英語語流訓(xùn)練之隱喻疏導(dǎo)法,紀(jì)玉華 廈門大學(xué) 外文學(xué)院,英語演講學(xué)習(xí)中的難點(diǎn),學(xué)生為什么抱怨？為什么許多老華僑英語也是講得不流暢、不漂亮？英語語流需要專業(yè)訓(xùn)練。但是，傳統(tǒng)的專業(yè)訓(xùn)練太理論化、太抽象、太刻板。,用新方法解釋語流規(guī)則,“省讀”、“失爆”、 “連讀”、“同化”怎樣幫助學(xué)生理解、記住并掌握這些規(guī)則？用打比方和講故事的方式啟發(fā)、疏導(dǎo)學(xué)生。,用四個(gè)比喻解釋語流規(guī)則,1）果斷開除搗蛋鬼；2）控制自己莫發(fā)火；3）團(tuán)結(jié)

2、員工抓效率；4）感化員工促和諧。,用四個(gè)比喻解釋語流規(guī)則,果斷開除搗蛋鬼 = 省讀控制自己莫發(fā)火 = 失爆團(tuán)結(jié)員工抓效率 = 連讀感化員工促和諧 = 同化,果斷開除搗蛋鬼,英語口語中到底誰是搗蛋鬼呢？搗蛋鬼就是/t/ 和/d/。只要/t/或者/d/的前面和后面都是輔音（包括/w/和/j/），就必須把他們開除掉。這在英語語音學(xué)中叫做“省讀”。,果斷開除搗蛋鬼,,果斷開除搗蛋鬼,圓括號(hào)里的t和d都要省略掉。las(t) summe

3、r、las(t) week、wen(t) to、behin(d) me、turne(d) round、pos(t)card、len(t) me a book、passe(d) quickly、sen(d) cards、las(t) day、spen(t) the whole day,控制自己莫發(fā)火,現(xiàn)代企業(yè)老板要講文明，要學(xué)會(huì)控制自己，舉起手來，剛想打人，突然控制了自己，把拳頭再慢慢地放下來。這在英語語音學(xué)中叫做“失爆”。,控制自己莫發(fā)

4、火,音學(xué)中叫做“失爆”。,控制自己莫發(fā)火,方括號(hào)里的爆破音都不能爆破出來。a goo[d] seat、coul[d] no[t] hear、di[d] no[t] pay any attention、coul[d] no[t] bear it、I go[t] very angry、can’[t] hear、looked /lu [k] t/、visite[d] museums、publi[c] gardens、priva[t]e co

5、nversation taugh[t] me 、thought abou[t] postcardsa bi[g] decision、bough[t] thirty-seven cards,控制自己莫發(fā)火,這條規(guī)則有例外:在同一個(gè)單詞內(nèi)，如果爆破音/p, b, k, g /后面跟著/l/或/r/，那么這個(gè)爆破音還是要爆破出來的，比如：play這個(gè)詞里面的/p/要正常發(fā)出來, angry這個(gè)詞中的/g/要正常發(fā)出來，public這個(gè)詞中的

6、/b/要正常發(fā)出來, quickly這個(gè)詞中的/k/要正常發(fā)出來。,團(tuán)結(jié)員工抓效率,,團(tuán)結(jié)員工抓效率,下劃線連起來的輔音和元音要連讀。I had a、 looked at the man、bear it I turned round again、hear a word it’s none of your business、this is a 、sat in、a few words of Italian、I read a few l

7、ines、understand a word、thought about but I 、got up、write a。,團(tuán)結(jié)員工抓效率,這條規(guī)則也有例外，如果要強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)詞，就不要連讀，不要讀成said angrily， 不要讀成got up early；不要讀成I got angry；不要讀成 I did not enjoy it； 不要讀成 postcards always，

8、 不要讀成 did not understand。在這種情況下，爆破音要用控制的方法來處理。,感化員工促和諧,被開除兩個(gè)家伙由于金融危機(jī)在外面也找不到工作，后來又來找你，你心腸很軟，同情他們，又收留了他們。他們受到感化，決心痛改前非，好好做人，沒想到他們成了全公司最會(huì)搞和諧的員工，對(duì)同事都特別客氣、特別禮貌、特別謙讓。這在英語語音學(xué)中叫做“同化”,感化員工促和諧,,感化員工促和諧,同化就是趨同變化，/t/和/d/在/p,

9、 b, m, g, k, /的前面時(shí)，就變成/p, b, g, k/，比如：a good [d→g] girl、 a good [d→b] boy、not [t→p] pay private [t→k] conversation、 visited [d→b] museums、 about [t→p] postcards、 not [t→b] bear it、taught [t→p]

10、me,四條語流規(guī)則的綜合練習(xí),Las(t) week I wen(t) to the theatre. I had a very goo[d] seat. The play was very interesting, but I di[d] no[t] enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behin(d) me. They were talking loudly.

11、I go[t] very angry. I coul[d] no[t] hear the actors. I turne(d) round an(d) loo[k]ed a[t] the man an(d) the woman angrily, bu[t] they di[d] not [t→p] pay any attention to me. In the end, I coul[d] not[t→b] bear it. I tu

12、rne(d) round again. “I can’(t) hear a word!” I said angrily. “It's none of your business,” the young man sai[d] rudely. “This is a private [t→k] conversation!”,四條語流規(guī)則的綜合練習(xí),Pos(t)cards always spoil my holidays. Las(t)

13、 summer, I wen(t) to Italy. I visited [d→b] museums an(d) sat in public[c] gardens. A friendly waiter taught [t→p] me a few words of Italian. Then he len(t) me a book. I read a few lines, but I di[d] no[t] understand a w

14、ord. Every day I thought about [t→p] pos(t)cards. My holidays passé(d) quickly, but I di[d] no[t] sen(d) cards to my friends. On the las(t) day I made a bi[g] decision. I got u[p] early an(d) bough[t] thirty-seven c

15、ards. I spen(t) the whole day in my room, but I di[d] no[t] write a single card!,用隱喻講解語流四大規(guī)則,果斷開除搗蛋鬼 = 省讀控制自己莫發(fā)火 = 失爆團(tuán)結(jié)員工抓效率 = 連讀感化員工促和諧 = 同化,Thank you for your attention.,,I Hope you enjoy this lecture. Thank you.,Th