[雙語翻譯]人口老齡化外文翻譯—移民、人口老齡化、勞動力生產率與經濟增長的關系（文獻綜述部分譯文）

1、字數：英文 字數：英文 2655 2655 單詞， 單詞，14234 14234 字符；中文 字符；中文 4285 4285 漢字 漢字出處： 出處：Terziev Terziev V, V, Can Can H. H. The The Relation Relation between between the the Migration, Migration, Population Population Aging, Aging, L

2、abor Labor Force Force Productivity Productivity and and Economic Economic Growth: Growth: An An Analysis Analysis for for Bulgaria[J]. Bulgaria[J]. IJASOS- IJASOS- International International E-journal E-journal of of A

3、dvances Advances in in Social Social Sciences.2018,4(10):77-83 Sciences.2018,4(10):77-83外文文獻 外文文獻 The Relation between the Migration, Population Aging, Labor Force Productivity and Economic Growth:An Analysis for Bulgari

4、aThe recent aging of the population is one of the most important issues that many developed and developing countries are interested in (Bloom et al., 2011: 1). Population aging and demographic transformation at the globa

5、l and national level, economic, social, demographic and so on. Causing various problems to occur.The most important of the problems caused by the aging of the population is the change of labor supply. As the population c

6、hanges in age composition, the population that cannot participate in economic activities and has no participation in the labor force is increasing and the labor supply is changing. As the number of people aged 60 years a

7、nd over in the age structure of the population increases, the number of working age population is decreasing. The change in the age structure of the population affects the growth of the labor market and employment and th

8、e economic growth of the population, the aging of the population, the total labor force supply, the productivity of the old labor force, employment structure, wage income, savings, production and consumption. The age str

9、ucture of the population is a very important external variable Canning, and Malaney (2000), the miracle of growth in East Asia during 1965-1990 is explained by the actual demographic change (Bloom et al., 2008: pp. 1-38;

10、 Bloom et al. 2011: pp. 12-13; Deaton, 2000: pp. 1-46).The decline in the age-old population that can work after the aging of the population causes the workforce in the economy to become a scarce factor of production. In

11、 countries with older populations, the number of working people entering the labor market is reduced, while the lower productivity due to the physical and mental wear of the older workforce reduces the total labor supply

12、. Another consequence of population aging is that the increase in social security and tax cuts also has a different impact on the labor market. The increase in the elderly and dependent population increases the cost of f

13、inancing pension benefits. This increasing burden is affecting the population working through the social security system. This means that the cost of labor increases. The increase in labor costs, which constitutes a majo

14、r obstacle to employment, also reduces the tendency to work for the employer while reducing the tendency to work for the working population on the one hand. Compulsory interruptions of the social security system have an

15、increasing effect on unemployment (Salin, 1996: pp. 25-26). Young people who have recently completed their education constitute a general human capital that can integrate technological innovations (Железаров, 2009; Желез

16、аров, 2005; Иванов, Железаров, 1998). However, despite the fact that the human capital of an employee who has worked for the same company over a long period has its own advantages, the transfer of this human capital from

17、 one place to another has been difficult and useless. At the same time, it is believed that the elderly are at the lowest productivity level in general for all employers (Santos, 2001). In addition, companies prefer youn

18、g people to depreciate costs such as recruitment and training, assuming they will work longer than elderly people (Jolivet, 2001: pp. 65-82).With the aging of the population, a number of possible developments are expecte