2000-2019年考研英語(yǔ)歷年真題和答案(英語(yǔ)一)word版

1、自由學(xué)英語(yǔ) 1 2019 考研英語(yǔ)一 Section ⅠUse of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C

2、or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Today we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps, and other navigation apps are available on our smart phones. 1 of us just walk straight into the woods without a phone. Bu

3、t phones 2 on batteries, and batteries can die faster than we realize. 3 you get lost without a phone or a compass, and you 4 can‘t find north, a few tricks to help you navigate 5 to civilization, one of which is

4、 to follow the land... When you find yourself well 6 a trail, but not in a completely 7 area, you have to answer two questions: Which 8 is downhill, in this particular area? And where is the nearest water source? H

5、umans overwhelmingly live in valleys, and on supplies of fresh water. 9 , if you head downhill, and follow any H2O you find, you should 10 see signs of people. If you‘ve explored the area before, keep an eye out for

6、familiar sights—you may be 11 how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore your bearings. Another 12 : Climb high and look for signs of human habitation. 13 , even in dense forest, you should be ab

7、le to 14 gaps in the tree line due to roads, train tracks, and other paths people carve 15 the woods. Head toward these 16 to find a way out. At night, scan the horizon for 17 light sources, such as fires and st

8、reetlights, then walk toward the glow of light pollution. 18 , assuming you‘re lost in an area humans tend to frequent, look for the 19 we leave on the landscape. Trail blazes, tire tracks, and other features can 20

9、you to civilization. 1. [A]Some [B]Most [C]Few [D]All 2. [A]put[B]take[C]run [D]come 3. [A]Since [B] If [C] Though [D]Until 4. [A]formally [B] relatively [C] gradually [D] literally 5. [A] back [B] next [C] around [D] a

10、way 6. [A]onto [B]off[C]across [D]alone 7. [A]unattractive[B] uncrowded [C]unchanged [D]unfamiliar 8. [A] site[B]point [C]way [D]place 9. [A] So [B] Yet [C]Instead [D]Besides 10. [A]immediately [B] intentionally [C]unexp

11、ectedly [D] eventually 11. [A]surprised [B]annoyed [C]frightened [D]confused 12. [A] problem [B]option [C]view [D]result 13. [A] Above all [B]In contrast [C] On average [D] For example 14. [A]bridge [B]avoid [C]spot [D]s

12、eparate 15. [A] from [B] through [C]beyond [D] under 16. [A] posts [B]links [C]shades [D]breaks 17. [A] artificial [B] mysterious [C] hidden [D] limited 18. [A] Finally [B] Consequently [C] incidentally [D] Generally 19

13、. [A] memories [B] marks [C] notes [D] belongings 20. [A] restrict [B] adopt [C] lead [D] expose 1-20 20 參考答案及解析： 參考答案及解析： 1. 生活在一個(gè) GPS 系統(tǒng)，數(shù)字地圖和其他導(dǎo)航應(yīng)用程序都在我們的智能手機(jī)上輕易獲取”?？崭裰蟮恼Z(yǔ)句與前面語(yǔ)義方向一致，再考慮到句中的 without a phone，可知，此處需要雙重

14、否定表達(dá)肯定，所以，選擇 few，符合文意；自由學(xué)英語(yǔ) 3 19. 【B】mark 詞義辨析題；根據(jù)常識(shí)，在人類常去的地方，地面上必定有很多標(biāo)志，故尋找我們?cè)诘孛嫔狭粝碌臉?biāo)志，在此處更符合文意，故本題 B 選項(xiàng) marks 為正確答案。 20. 【C】lead 詞義辨析題；道路上的樹(shù)皮刻痕

15、、輪胎印和其他特征能夠指引你去有人煙的地方，此外，本題處的單詞應(yīng)該與前文中的 navigate 同義，故本題 C 選項(xiàng) lead 為正確答案。 Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mar

16、k your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points) Text 1 Financial regulations in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks. Starting next year, any guaranteed bonus of top executives could be d

17、elayed 10 years if their banks are under investigation for wrongdoing. The main purpose of this ―clawback‖ rule is to hold bankers accountable for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institution.

18、 Yet officials also hope for a much larger benefit: more long term decision-making not only by banks but also bu all corporations, to build a stronger economy for future generations. ―Short-termism‖ or the desire for qui

19、ck profits, has worsened in publicly traded companies, says the Bank of England‘s top economist. Andrew Haldane. He quotes a giant of classical economies, Alfred Marshall, in describing this financial impatience as actin

20、g like ―Children who pick the plums out of their pudding to eat them at once‖ rather than putting them aside to be eaten last. The average time for holding a stock in both the United States and Britain, he notes, has dro

21、pped from seven years to seven months in recent decades. Transient investors, who demand high quarterly profits from companies, can hinder a firm‘s efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty.

22、 This has been dubbed ―quarterly capitalism‖. In addition, new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities, quicker use of information, and thus shortens attention spans in financial markers. ―There

23、seems to be a predominance of short-term thinking at the expense of long-term investing,‖ said Commissioner Daniel Gallagher of the US Securities and Exchange Commission in speech this week. In the US, the Sarbanes-Oxley

24、 Act of 2002 has pushed most public companies to defer performance bonuses for senior executives by about a year, slightly helping reduce ―short-termism.‖ In its latest survey of CEO pay, The Wall Street Journal finds th

25、at ― a substantial part‖ of executive pay is now tied to performance. Much more could be done to encourage ―long-termism,‖ such as changes in the tax code and quicker disclosure of stock acquisitions. In France, sharehol

26、ders who hold onto a company investment for at least two years can sometimes earn more voting rights in a company. Within companies, the right compensation design can provide incentives for executives to think beyond the

27、ir own time at the company and on behalf of all stakeholders. Britain‘s new rule is a reminder to bankers that society has an interest in their performance, not just for the short term but for the long term. 21. Accordin

28、g to Paragraph 1, one motive in imposing the new rule is the_________. A. enhance banker‘s sense of responsibility B. help corporations achieve larger profits C. build a new system of financial regulation D. guarantee th

29、e bonuses of top executives 22. Alfred Marshall is quoted to indicate_________. A. the conditions for generating quick profits B. governments‘ impatience in decision-making C. the solid structure of publicly traded compa