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1、Designation:D1434?82(Reapproved2015)1StardTestMethodfDeterminingGasPermeabilityacteristicsofPlasticFilmSheeting1ThisstardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD1434thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearofi

2、ginaladoptioninthecaseofrevisiontheyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperepsilon()indicatesaneditialchangesincethelastrevisionreapproval.ε1NOTE—EditialcrectionsweremadeinSeptember2

3、015.1.Scope1.1Thistestmethodcoverstheestimationofthesteadystaterateoftransmissionofagasthroughplasticsinthefmoffilmsheetinglaminatesplasticcoatedpapersfabrics.Thistestmethodprovidesfthedeterminationof(1)gastransmissionra

4、te(GTR)(2)permeanceinthecaseofhomogeneousmaterials(3)permeability.1.2Twoproceduresareprovided:1.2.1ProcedureM—Manometric.1.2.2ProcedureV—Volumetric.1.3ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstard.Nootherunitsofmeasurem

5、entareincludedinthisstard.1.4Thisstarddoesnotpurpttoaddressallofthesafetyconcernsifanyassociatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstardtoestablishappropriatesafetyhealthpracticesdeterminetheapplicabilityofre

6、gulatylimitationspritouse.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStards:2D618PracticefConditioningPlasticsfTestingD1898PracticefSamplingofPlastics(Withdrawn1998)33.Terminology3.1DefinitionsofTermsSpecifictoThisStard:3.1.1gastransmi

7、ssionrateGTR—thequantityofagivengaspassingthroughaunitoftheparallelsurfacesofaplasticfilminunittimeundertheconditionsoftest.TheSIunitofGTRis1mol(m2s).Thetestconditionsincludingtemperaturepartialpressureofthegasonbothside

8、softhefilmmustbestated.Otherfactssuchasrelativehuityhydrostaticpressurethatinfluencethetransptofthegasmustalsobestated.TheinchpoundunitofGTRacommonlyusedunitofGTRis1mL(STP)(m2d)atapressuredifferentialofoneatmosphere.3.1.

9、2permeanceP—theratioofthegastransmissionratetothedifferenceinpartialpressureofthegasonthetwosidesofthefilm.TheSIunitofpermeanceis1mol(m2sPa).Thetestconditions(see5.1)mustbestated.3.1.3permeabilityP—theproductofthepermean

10、cethethicknessofafilm.Thepermeabilityismeaningfulonlyfhomogeneousmaterialsinwhichitisapropertyacteristicofthebulkmaterial.Thisquantityshouldnotbeusedunlesstheconstancyofthepermeabilityhasbeenverifiedusingseveraldifferent

11、thicknessesofthematerial.TheSIunitofPis1mol(msPa).Thetestconditions(see3.1)mustbestated.NOTE1—Onemillilitre(STP)is44.62moloneatmosphereis0.1013MPaonedayis86.4103s.GTRinSIunitsisobtainedbymultiplyingthevalueininchpounduni

12、tsby5.16010?10.AdditionalunitsconversionsareshowninAppendixX1.3.1.4steadystate—thestateattainedwhentheamountofgasabsbedinthefilmisinequilibriumwiththefluxofgasthroughthefilm.FMethodVthisisobtainedwhentheGTRisconstant.4.S

13、ummaryofTestMethod4.1Thesampleismountedinagastransmissioncellsoastofmasealedsemibarrierbetweentwochambers.Onechambercontainsthetestgasataspecifichighpressuretheotherchamberatalowerpressurereceivesthepermeatinggas.Eithero

14、fthefollowingproceduresisused:4.1.1ProcedureM—InProcedureMthelowerpressurechamberisinitiallyevacuatedthetransmissionofthegasthroughthetestspecimenisindicatedbyanincreaseinpressure.4.1.2ProcedureV—InProcedureVthelowerpres

15、surechamberismaintainednearatmosphericpressurethe1ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeF02onFlexibleBarrierPackagingisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeF02.10onPermeation.CurrenteditionapprovedJune12015.

16、PublishedSeptember2015.iginallyapprovedin1956.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2009asD1434–82(2009)?1.DOI:10.1520D143482R15E01.2FreferencedASTMstardsvisittheASTMwebsitewww.astm.gcontactASTMCustomerServiceat.FAnnualBookofASTM

17、Stardsvolumeinfmationrefertothestard’sDocumentSummarypageontheASTMwebsite.3Thelastapprovedversionofthishisticalstardisreferencedonwww.astm.g.Copyright?ASTMInternational100BarrHarbDrivePOBoxC700WestConshohockenPA194282959

18、.UnitedStates19.1.4CellVacuumValvecapableofmaintainingavacuumtightseal.59.1.5PlateSurfacesthatcontactthespecimenfilterpapershallbesmoothflat.9.1.6ORingfsealingtheupperlowerplates.9.1.7PressureGagemechanicalelectricaltype

19、witharangefrom0to333kPaabsolute.Usedfmeasuringupstreamgaspressure.9.1.8Barometersuitablefmeasuringthepressureoftheatmospheretothenearest133Pa.9.1.9VacuumGagetoregisterthepressureduringevacuationofthesystemtothenearest13P

20、a.9.1.10VacuumPumpcapableofreducingthepressureinthesystemto26Paless.9.1.11NeedleValvefslowlyadmittingadjustingthepressureofthetestgas.9.1.12Cathetometertomeasuretheheightofmercuryinthecellmanometerlegaccurately.Thisinstr

21、umentshouldbecapableofmeasuringchangestothenearest0.5mm.9.1.13Micrometertomeasurespecimenthicknessgraduatedto2.5m(0.1mil)better.9.1.14ElevatedTemperatureFittings—Specialcellfittingsarerequiredfhightemperaturetesting.10.M

22、aterials10.1TestGas—Thetestgasshallbedrypure.Theratioofthevolumeofgasavailableftransmissiontothevolumeofgastransmittedatthecompletionofthetestshallbeatleast100:1.10.2Mercury—Mercuryusedinthecellshallbetripledistilledchec

23、kedregularlyfpurityreplacedwithcleanmercurywhennecessary.10.2.1Warning—Verylowconcentrationsofmercuryvapintheairareknowntobehazardous.GuidelinesfusingmercuryinthelabatyhavebeenpublishedbySteere.6Besuretocollectallspilled

24、mercuryinaclosedcontainer.Transfersofmercuryshouldbemadeoveralargeplastictray.Undernmaldailylabatyuseconditionsthecellsshouldbecleanedaboutevery3months.Dirtymercuryisindicatedwhentheofthecapillarybecomeserraticwhenmercur

25、yclingstothesideofthecapillaryboth.Wheneversuchdiscontinuitiesoccurthemercuryshouldberemovedthecellcleanedasfollows:(1)Washwithtoluene(toremovegreasesoils).(2)Washwithacetone(toremovetoluene).(3)Washwithdistilledwater(to

26、removeacetone).(4)Washwitha11mixtureofnitricaciddistilledwater(toremoveanymercurysaltsthatmaybepresent).Thisoperationmayberepeatedifnecessaryindertoensurecompletecleaningofglassware.(5)Washwithdistilledwater(toremovenitr

27、icacid).(6)Washwithacetone(toremovewater).(7)Drythecellatroomtemperaturebyblowingasmallamountofcleandryairthroughit.11.Calibration11.1Eachcellshouldbecalibratedatthetesttemperatureasfollows(Fig.3):11.1.1Determinethevoidv

28、olumeofthefilterpaperfromtheabsolutedensityofitsfibercontent(Note3)theweightofthefilterpaperitsapparentvolume(Note4).ExpressthevoidvolumedeterminedinthiswayinmicrolitresdesignateasVCD.5Thesolesourceofsupplyoftheapparatus

29、(DemiGValve(1?4in.IPS))knowntothecommitteeatthistimeisG.W.DahlCo.Inc.BristolRI.IfyouareawareofalternativesupplierspleaseprovidethisinfmationtoASTMInternationalHeadquarters.Yourcommentswillreceivecarefulconsiderationatame

30、etingoftheresponsibletechnicalcommittee1whichyoumayattend.6SteereN.E.“MercuryVapHazardsControlMeasures”inHbookofLabatySafetyN.V.SteereEd.CRCPressInc.BocaRatonFL1979.A—SupptingLegsB—LowerPlateC—UpperPlateD—AdapterE—Vacuum

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