2023年全國碩士研究生考試考研英語一試題真題（含答案詳解+作文范文）_第1頁
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1、Designation:D4784?93(Reapproved2015)StardSpecificationfLNGDensityCalculationModels1ThisstardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD4784thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearofiginaladoptioninthecaseofrevis

2、iontheyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperepsilon()indicatesaneditialchangesincethelastrevisionreapproval.INTRODUCTIONThisspecificationisadeionoffourmathematicalmodelsoftheequati

3、onofstatefLNGlikemixturesthatwereadoptedin1988.ThefourmodelsincludeanextendedcrespondingstatesmodelacellmodelahardspheremodelarevisedKlosekMcKinleymodel.Eachofthemodelshasbeenoptimizedtothesameexperimentaldatasetwhichinc

4、ludeddatafpurenitrogenmethaneethanepropaneisonmalbutaneisonmalpentanemixturesthereof.FLNGlikemixtures(mixturesofthethobaricliquidstateattemperaturesof120Klesscontainingatleast60%methanelessthan4%nitrogenlessthan4%eachofi

5、sonmalbutanelessthan2%totalofisonmalpentane)allofthemodelsareestimatedtopredictdensitiestowithin0.1%ofthetruevalue.ThesemodelsweredevelopedbytheNationalInstituteofStardsTechnology(fmerlytheBureauofStards)uponculminationo

6、fsevenyearsofefftinacquiringphysicalpropertiesdataperfmingextensiveexperimentalmeasurementsusingspeciallydevelopedequipmentinusingthesedatatodeveloppredictivemodelsfuseindensitycalculations.1.Scope1.1Thisspecificationcov

7、ersLNGdensitycalculationmodels2fuseinthecalculationpredictionofthedensitiesofsaturatedLNGmixturesfrom90to120Ktowithin0.1%oftruevaluesgiventhepressuretemperaturecompositionofthemixture.1.2ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretobere

8、gardedasstard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthisstard.1.3Thisstarddoesnotpurpttoaddressallofthesafetyconcernsifanyassociatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstardtoestablishappropriatesafetyhealthpr

9、acticesdeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatylimitationspritouse.2.SignificanceUse2.1Themodelsinthisspecificationcanbeusedtocalculatethedensityofsaturatedliquidnaturalgasinthetemperaturerange90to120K.Theestimateduncertainty

10、fthedensitycalculationsis60.1%.Therestrictionsoncompositionoftheliquefiednaturalgasare:methane60%greaternitrogenlessthan4%nbutanelessthan4%ibutanelessthan4%pentaneslessthan2%Itisassumedthathydrocarbonswithcarbonnumbersof

11、sixgreaterarenotpresentintheLNGsolution.3.Models3.1ExtendedCrespondingStates—Theextendedcrespondingstatesmethodisdefinedbythefollowingequations:Zi@PT#5Zo@PhiiofiioTfiio#(1)Gi@PT#5fiioGo@PhiiofiioTfiio#2RTln~hiio!(2)where

12、:Z=compressibilityfactG=GibbsfreeenergyP=pressure1ThisstardisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD03onGaseousFuelsisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD03.08onThermophysicalProperties.CurrenteditionapprovedJune12015.Pub

13、lishedJuly2015.iginallyapprovedin1988.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2010asD4784–93(2010).DOI:10.1520D478493R15.2ThefmulationofthemodelsthesupptingwkwasdonebytheNationalBureauofStardsunderthesponsshipofBritishGasCp.Chicago

14、BridgeIronCo.ColumbiaGasServiceCp.DistrigasCp.EoGasLNGInc.ElPasoNaturalGasGazdeFranceMarathonOilCo.MobilOilCp.NaturalGasPipelineCo.PhillipsPetroleumCo.ShellInternationalGasLtd.SonatrachSouthernCalifniaGasCo.TennesseeGasP

15、ipelineTexasEasternTransmissionCo.TokyoGasCo.Ltd.TranscontinentalGasPipeLineCp.throughagrantadministeredbytheAmericanGasAssociationInc.Copyright?ASTMInternational100BarrHarbDrivePOBoxC700WestConshohockenPA194282959.Unite

16、dStates1studybutthedetailsofthemodelhavenotbeenrepted.AdditionalinfmationisavailableinNBSMonograph172.54.AdditionalInfmation4.1ThesemodelswereiginallypublishedinNBSMonograph1725whichalsocontainsthefollowing:4.1.1Deionsof

17、theexperimentalapparatusdevelopedconstructedprovenfuseintakingthenecessaryLNGdatapoints4.1.2Deionsoftheoperationalproceduresusedwiththespecialapparatusinobtainingtherequireddatapointmeasurements4.1.3Deionsofthedatapointm

18、easurementprograms4.1.4Deionsofthedevelopmentofthevariousmodels4.1.5BasicpublicationsresultingfromtheextensiveLNGDensityResearchproject.ASTMInternationaltakesnopositionrespectingthevalidityofanypatentrightsassertedinconn

19、ectionwithanyitemmentionedinthisstard.Usersofthisstardareexpresslyadvisedthatdeterminationofthevalidityofanysuchpatentrightstheriskofinfringementofsuchrightsareentirelytheirownresponsibility.Thisstardissubjecttorevisiona

20、tanytimebytheresponsibletechnicalcommitteemustbereviewedeveryfiveyearsifnotrevisedeitherreapprovedwithdrawn.YourcommentsareinvitedeitherfrevisionofthisstardfadditionalstardsshouldbeaddressedtoASTMInternationalHeadquarter

21、s.Yourcommentswillreceivecarefulconsiderationatameetingoftheresponsibletechnicalcommitteewhichyoumayattend.IfyoufeelthatyourcommentshavenotreceivedafairhearingyoushouldmakeyourviewsknowntotheASTMCommitteeonStardsattheadd

22、ressshownbelow.ThisstardiscopyrightedbyASTMInternational100BarrHarbDrivePOBoxC700WestConshohockenPA194282959UnitedStates.Individualreprints(singlemultiplecopies)ofthisstardmaybeobtainedbycontactingASTMattheaboveaddressat

23、6108329585(phone)6108329555(fax)(email)throughtheASTMwebsite(www.astm.g).PermissionrightstophotocopythestardmayalsobesecuredfromtheCopyrightClearanceCenter222RosewoodDriveDanversMA01923Tel:(978)64626005NBSMonograph172Liq

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