[教育]英國社會與文化lectu

1、British Society and Culture,Lecture Three Literature and Arts=========================================================================================== 購買docin文庫財富值下載更多精彩小說請到http://www.docin.com/fxl8===

2、=========================================================================================,Literature: 4 major periods,Old English Literature –before the Norman Conquest (1066)Medieval Literature (before the English Rena

3、issance beginning from the 15th century)Modern Literature Contemporary Literature (post-WWII),The formation of the Old English,Pre-Roman-Conquest—Celts and Britons: Gaelic and Celtic.The Roman Conquest since 43 AD: La

4、tinThe Roman departure in 407 A. D.—the invasion of Anglo, Saxon and Jute: Icelandic, Viking, Danish, Germanic influences.,Confluence of Different Linguistic Sources,450 A. D. Anglo, Saxon and Jute from North-West Germa

5、ny invaded and occupied part of Britain 793-95 Viking invasions (Danish and Norwegian) in Scotland, northern and eastern England9th century Danish invasions; occupation of eastern England885 partition of England (unde

6、r King Alfred the Great)917-26 England reoccupied Danish-held territories.1013 Danish conquest,Old English Literature,c.a., the 10th century, BeowulfAuthor: anonymousSetting: Scandinavian Date of writing: between th

7、e 8th and the 11the century,,,,Audio clips from an Old English versionPrologue 1,2,3,Hollywood movie adaptation, 2007,,Medieval literature,French influence and English affirmation (1)The official language of the Br

8、itish court Turning point—John King’s losses of French lands in 1204 (2) Enriched subjects for literature—courtly love,Geoffrey Chaucer(1340-1400),Contribution to the middle EnglishWide range of linguistic source

9、sHelped to form a London-based standard language,The Canterbury Tales,Vivid and ironic portrayal of characters,The very perfect gentle Knight– a mercenary soliderThe nun– a sensual woman who enjoys the pleasure of t

10、he sensesThe wife of Bath—who has five husbands,The work’s merits,A diversity of characters, social levels, and ways of life.Restraint from authorial judgment.Humor and satire.,Modern literature,English Renaissance

11、 sonnet: travelled to England from Italy in the 16th century drama: the age of Shakespeare,,William Shakespeare(1564-1616),,Stratford-upon-Avon,,The Globe Theatre,,,,,,Shakespeare’s complete works: 38 plays

12、 2 narrative poems 154 sonnets,His Position in World Literary History,one of the most remarkable playwrights and poets in the worldone of the greatest giants of the Renaissanceone of the first founders o

13、f realisma literary giant “not of an age, but for all time” (John Benson).,,Hamlet (1601),,Othello (1604),,King Lear (1605),,Macbeth (1606),,Romeo and Juliet (1595),Two major poets in the 17th century,,John Donne (1572-

14、1631),John Milton (1608-1674),18th century literature,Poetry Alexander Pope (1688-1744) The Rape of the Lock (1712-14) Drama Richard Sheridan(1751-1816) The School

15、 for Scandal (1777),The Rise of the Novel,Daniel Defoe, Robinson Crusoe (1719)Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones: A Foundling (1749)Jonathan Swift, Gulliver’s Travels (1726),Swift’s joking epitaph,He knew a hun

16、dred pleasant stories,With all the turns of Whigs and Tories;Was cheerful to his dying day,And friends would let him have his way.He gave the little wealth he hadTo build a house for fools and mad,And showed by one

17、 satiric touch,No nation wanted it so much.That kingdom he hath left his debtor;I wish it soon may have a better.,,,,,19th century literature,Poetry Romantic poets first generation: William Wordsworth, Samuel Tay

18、lor Coleridge second generation: Lord Byron, Percey Bysshe Shelley, John Keats,Characteristics of Romanticism in Britain,A rejection of the rules of order, calm, harmony, balance, idealization, and rationality.A dee

19、pened high appreciation of the beauties of nature.Belief in the emotion and imagination rather than reason or external canons.Focus on individual concerns and reverence for the common man.Use of everyday language in p

20、oetry.An increasing importance of women and children.Most popular genres: poetry and novels.,Find the Matching authors for the quotes in the left-hand column,I wandered lonely as a cloud.If winter comes, can spring b

21、e far behind?Beauty is truth, truth beauty, --that is all ye know on earth, and all ye need to know.,John KeatsWordsworthPercey B. Shelley,,,,Other images of the Lake District: Windermere, Thirlmere, Dewent Wat

22、er, and Grasmere.,Fiction: leading form of literature in English,Regent Period (1810-1820): Jane AustenVictorian Period(1837-1901) : Charles Dickens, William Thackeray, George Eliot, Brontës,Thomas Hardy et al.,Jan

23、e Austen (1775-1817),Three or four families in a country village is the very thing to work on.,Her fiction,Northanger Abbey (1798, 1818)Sense and Sensibility (1795-97,1811)Pride and Prejudice (1795-97, 1813)Persuasion

24、 (1818)Emma (1815)Mansfield Park (1814),Victorian era,The period coincides with the reign of Queen Victoria who ruled over England from 1837 to 1901.A time of rapid economic development as well as serious social probl

25、ems.New inventions and discoveries in biology, geology and anthropology shook people’s religious belief.,Main features of Victorian literature,Diversity, complexity and abundant writers and great works.The novel became

26、 the most powerful expression of progressive thought.Critical realists: Charles Dickens, William Thackeray, George Eliot, Bronte sisters et al.,Charles Dickens (1812-1870),Oliver Twist (1837-38)David Copperfield (1849-

27、50)Great Expectations (1860-61)Hard Times (1854),Thomas Hardy (1840-1928),Novel of character and environmentTess of the D’Urbervilles (1891)Jude the Obscure (1895),20th century modernism,Modern experience in an ali

28、enating urban, industrial societyRejection of conventional forms of realismInteriority of charactersNew techniques: steam of consciousness, montage, fragmentationRenovated concept of time,Leading figures of early 20t

29、h century,T.S. EliotD.H. LawrenceJames JoyceVirginia Woolf,James Joyce (1882-1941),Virginia Woolf (1882-1941),Contemporary literature: Nobel Prize Laureates,T. S. Eliot (1948)Bertrand Russell (1950)Winston Church