國際貿(mào)易實務(wù)英文版第三版知識點及模擬題

1、國際貿(mào)易實務(wù)(下劃線為重點記憶和理解，無的為一般記憶和了解)Chapterone1.國際貿(mào)易概念：Internationaltradeisalsoknownaswldtradefeigntradeoverseastrade.Itreferstotheprocessoffairdeliberateexchangeofgoodsservicesbetweentwomecountriesinvolvingtheuseoftwomecurren

2、cies.Besidesinternationaltradeconcernstradeoperationsofbothimptexptincludesthepurchasesaleofbothvisibleinvisiblegoods.2.國際貿(mào)易產(chǎn)生的原因：（了解）1)Resourcereasons(naturalresourcehumanresourcetechnology)2)Economicreasons(economicben

3、efitscomparativeadvantageeconomiesofscale)3)Otherreasons(politicalreasonsdifferencesintastespreferencesconsumptionpatterns)3.國際貿(mào)易與國內(nèi)貿(mào)易的不同：Inparticularinternationaltradeismesubjectto:1)Languagehabitsculturaldifferences2)F

4、eignlawscustomsregulationsinternationalrules3)Exchangeratefluctuationsinterestrate4)Higherlevelofpoliticalfinancialtransptationrisks5)Mecomplexbusinessprocedurestherefemanagersneedabroaderrangeofmanagementskills4.國際貿(mào)易的分類

5、：1)從貨物流向（directionofcargoflow）分:expttradeimpttradetransittrade(過境貿(mào)易)2)從參與的貿(mào)易方（thenumberofparticipants）分：directtradeindirecttradeentrepottrade(轉(zhuǎn)口貿(mào)易)轉(zhuǎn)口貿(mào)易：entrepottradereferstothetransactionwhichinvolvesimptinggoodsfromover

6、seasffurtherprocessingassemblingthereexptingthegoodsabroad.轉(zhuǎn)口貿(mào)易又稱中轉(zhuǎn)貿(mào)易或再輸出貿(mào)易，是指國際貿(mào)易中進(jìn)出口貨物的買賣，不是在生產(chǎn)國和消費國之間直接進(jìn)行，而是通過第三國轉(zhuǎn)手進(jìn)行的貿(mào)易。對于第三國來說，就是轉(zhuǎn)口貿(mào)易，與過境貿(mào)易的最大區(qū)別在于貨物的所有權(quán)會發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)移，并且只涉及一個貿(mào)易方。國際上有很多中轉(zhuǎn)地，如新加坡，香港，鹿特丹等3）從商品形式（fmofgoods）分：有形貿(mào)易

7、（visibletangiblegoodstrade）和無形貿(mào)易（invisibleintangiblegoodstrade）4)按結(jié)算方式（thesettlementinstrument）分：易貨貿(mào)易（bartertrade）和自由結(jié)匯貿(mào)易（freeliquidationtrade）5.進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易的程序：Exptimptprocedures:Generalspeakingfromthebeginningtotheendofatrans

8、actionthewholeoperationundergoesfourstages:1)thepreparationofatransaction2)thenegotiationofthecontract3)theperfmanceofthecontractFOB價格：以出口國貨幣計算FOB=totalcostprofit以外國貨幣計算FOB=(Totalcostprofit)ExchangerateCFR價格：CFR=FOBOcean

9、freightCIF價格：CIF=FOBOceanfreightInsurancePremiumInsurancepremium=CIF(1markup)Premiumrate(R)CIF=CFR(1markupR)包含傭金（commission）的價格：①Commission(C)=contractvaluecommissionrate②PriceincludingC=price(1–Crates)price=priceincludi

10、ngC(1Crates)PriceincludingC指的是FOB或FCA條件下的價格折扣價：Discount=contractpricediscountrateActualprice=contractprice–discount=contractprice(1discountrate)3.價格評估的兩個指標(biāo)：出口利潤率（Exptprofitmargin）:Exptprofitmargin=exptrevenue(FOB)–exptco

11、st(FOB)Exptrevenue(FOB)公式中用的是FOB價格，即不包含運費保險費的價格，并且使用的是出口國貨幣。反映的是一單位的銷售額能賺取多少的利潤，越大越好出口換匯成本（ExptCostfFeignExchange）:Exptcostffeignexchange=exptcostinlocalcurrencyExptrevenueinfeigncurrency該指標(biāo)反映的是要賺取一單位的外國貨幣需要花費的本國貨幣成本，越小越

12、好4.定價的四個步驟：（要求能夠知道概念和判斷）詢盤：Apotentialclientasksfinfmationfromthecounterparttohisintentioninbuyingsellingofacertaincommodity.發(fā)盤：Asufficientlydefiniteproposaladdressedtoonemespecificpersonsfconcludingacontractnecessarilyin

13、dicatingtheintentionoftheoffertobeboundincaseofacceptance.還盤：Areplytoanofferwhichcontainsadditionslimitationsofothermodifications.接受：Anunconditionalstatementmadefmallybyanactionconductedbytheoffereeindicatingassenttoanof