國際貿(mào)易實(shí)務(wù)英文版第二版課后習(xí)題答案

1、1Chapter2InternationalTradeTerms12345678910I.MultiplechoicesBCACCDABCDII.TruefalsestatementsTTFFTFFFFTIII.Explainthefollowingterms1.shipmentcontractShipmentcontractisacontractusinganIncotermwhichindicatesthatthedeliveryh

2、appensatthetimebefethetimeofshipment.2.symbolicdeliverySymbolicdeliveryisadeliverysituationinwhichwhenthesellerdeliversthebuyerdoesnotphysicallyreceivethegoods.Thiskindofdeliveryisprovedbythesubmissionoftransptdocumentby

3、thesellertothebuyer.3.arrivalcontractArrivalcontractmeansacontractusinganIncotermwhichindicatesthatthedeliveryhappenswhenthegoodsarriveatthedestination.4.actualdeliveryActualdeliveryreferstoadeliverysituationinwhichwhent

4、hesellerdeliversthebuyerdoesphysicallyreceivethegoods.IV.Shtquestions1.WhopaysfloadingfshipmentunderFOBTheseller.2.WhopaysfunloadingunderCIFThebuyer.3.ComparecontrastFOBCFRCIFSimilarities:a.Thesellersriskwillbetransferre

5、dtothebuyerwhenthegoodsareloadedonboardb.Thesellerisresponsiblefexptcustomsfmalitieswhilethebuyerisresponsiblefimptcustomsfmalitiesc.Thebuyerisresponsiblefunloadingthegoodsattheptofdestinationd.Allthreetermscanonlybeused

6、fwaterwaytransptation.Differences:a.FOBrequiresthebuyertoarrangepayftheoceantransptationCFRrequiresthesellertoarrangepayftheoceantransptationCIFrequiresthesellertoarrangepayftheoceantransptationinsuranceagainstthebuyersr

7、isk.4.WhatarethetwotypesoftradetermsconcerningthetransferofrisksShipmentcontracttermsvs.arrivalcontractterms.Undershipmentcontracttermsthesellersriskwillbetransferredtothebuyerbefethegoodsdepartfromtheplaceptofshipment.U

8、nderarrivalcontracttermsthesellerwillbeartheriskofthegoodsuntilthegoodsarriveatthedestination.5.WhatarethedifferencessimilaritiesbetweenCPTCFRMajsimilarities:a.Thesellershouldcontractpayfthemajcarriage.b.Thesellerisnotta

9、kingtheriskoflossofdamagetothegoodsduringthetransptation.Difference:a.CPTisapplicabletoanykindoftransptationmodewhileCFRisonlyusedfwaterwaytransptb.UnderCPTthesellersriskwillbetransferredtothebuyerwhenthegoodsarehedovert

10、othefirstcarriernominatedbytheseller.UnderCFRthesellersriskwillbetransferredwhenthegoodsareloadedonboardthevessel.6.WhatarethedifferencessimilaritiesbetweenCIPCIFMajsimilarities:a.Thesellershouldcontractpayfthemajcarriag

11、e.b.Thesellerisnottakingtheriskoflossofdamagetothegoodsduringthetransptationc.Thesellermustobtaininsuranceagainstthebuyersrisk.3析：本題的關(guān)鍵疑問在于買方明知貨物已全部損失，不可能再收到貨物，是否還應(yīng)支付貨款。這是考察對(duì)“symbolicdelivery”這個(gè)概念的理解。在CIF術(shù)語下，賣方交貨時(shí)買方并沒有真正

12、收到貨物，賣方的交貨是通過貨交承運(yùn)人并獲得相關(guān)單據(jù)(尤其是物權(quán)憑證)來實(shí)現(xiàn)的。而相應(yīng)的，買方必須接受交貨，也就是買方必須接受賣方提供的相應(yīng)單據(jù)并履行相關(guān)支付的義務(wù)。(1)答案：Yes答題切入點(diǎn)：1)賣方履行其義務(wù)的情況；2)CIF術(shù)語對(duì)雙方交貨、領(lǐng)受貨物的規(guī)定；3)解釋“symbolicdelivery”在這里的應(yīng)用。(2)答案：Thebuyer答題切入點(diǎn)：CIF術(shù)語下風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移的情況。由于本章主要討論貿(mào)易術(shù)語的應(yīng)用，關(guān)注的主要是買、賣雙

13、方。如果答案是保險(xiǎn)公司，則要求說明損失的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)首先是由買方承擔(dān)的，在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)屬于保險(xiǎn)公司承保范圍內(nèi)的情況下，保險(xiǎn)公司會(huì)對(duì)買方進(jìn)行部分或全部的賠償。4.AShanghaicompanysignedaCIFcontracttosellChristmasgoodstoaBritishcompany.TheUSD1millioncontractstipulated“Thesellerguaranteesthatthegoodsarriveatthep

14、tofdestinationbyDecember12010.Ifthecarriageislatethebuyercancancelthepurchasegettherefundfthepayment.“Sotheshipmentwasmade.Unftunatelyduetomechanicalproblemsthevesselarrivedatthedestinationafewhourslate.Thebuyerrefusedto

15、acceptthegoods.AsaresultthegoodshadtobesoldonthespotthesellerlostUSD700000.Commentonthiscase.析：賣方受損的原因是貨物達(dá)到目的港的時(shí)間晚于合同規(guī)定的時(shí)間，因此買方拒收貨物。從表面上看，似乎問題就是出在賣方違約上，但如果仔細(xì)分析就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，該合同本身的內(nèi)容就存在自相矛盾的問題。合同用的是CIF術(shù)語，賣方在貨裝上船時(shí)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就轉(zhuǎn)移。賣方既不承擔(dān)運(yùn)輸途中的風(fēng)

16、險(xiǎn)，也不保證貨物是否能抵達(dá)目的港。CIF合同本質(zhì)上是一個(gè)“shipmentcontract”。但加上一條保證到岸時(shí)間的條款后，合同的性質(zhì)發(fā)生了變化：它變成了一個(gè)“arrivalcontract”。也就是說，在貨物按時(shí)抵達(dá)目的港之前的一切風(fēng)險(xiǎn)都由賣方承擔(dān)，否則賣方就是違約。答題切入點(diǎn)：1)CIF術(shù)語對(duì)雙方風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及義務(wù)的劃分，點(diǎn)出“shipmentcontract”這一概念；2)解釋“arrivaldate”clause對(duì)合同性質(zhì)的改變。5.

17、AChinesecompanyfinalizedatransactionwithaGermancompanyunderCIFpriceLCpayment.BothsalescontractLCreceivedstipulatedthattransshipmentwasnotallowed.TheChinesecompanymadetheshipmentonadirectvesselwithinthevalidityperiodofthe

18、LCnegotiatedthepaymentwithadirectBillofLadingsuccessfully.AfterdepartingfromtheChineseptindertotakeanothershipmenttheshippingcompanyunloadedthegoodsfromtheiginalvesselreloadedthemontoanother.Duetothedelaythepoconditionof

19、thesecondvesselthegoodsarrived2monthslaterthantheexpectedtime.TheGermancompanysufferedclaimedcompensationfromtheChinesecompanywiththereasonthattheChinesesidecheatedthemwithadirectBL.TheChinesecompanybelievedthatsincethey

20、signedthecontractundera“到岸價(jià)“theybookedtheshippingcompanytheywouldberesponsiblefwhathappened.AsaresulttheChinesesidecompensated.Commentonthiscase.析：1)賣方按照合同規(guī)定履行了各項(xiàng)義務(wù)，造成貨物到港延誤的原因是船公司擅自改變運(yùn)輸安排，賣方對(duì)此并不知情。2)賣方把CIF理解成“到岸價(jià)格”存在錯(cuò)誤，

21、混淆了承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與承擔(dān)費(fèi)用的區(qū)別。如果把CIF理解成“到岸價(jià)格”，那么CIF就變成了一個(gè)到岸合同術(shù)語(arrivalcontractterm)了，而實(shí)際上它應(yīng)該是個(gè)裝運(yùn)合同術(shù)語(shipmentcontractterm)。3)因此，賣方在此情況下不應(yīng)進(jìn)行賠償，而是應(yīng)該協(xié)助買方向船方進(jìn)行索賠。答題切入點(diǎn)：1)分析買方受損的真正原因及責(zé)任方：2)解釋賣方錯(cuò)誤賠償?shù)脑颍?)給出本案例正確的處理方法，尤其是賣方應(yīng)該如何應(yīng)對(duì)買方的要求。Chapt