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1、1第一類題材第一類題材StudyIssue183“Asweacquiremeknowledgethingsdonotbecomemecomprehensiblebutmecomplexmemysterious.“DoesknowledgerenderthingsmecomprehensiblemecomplexmysteriousInmyviewtheacquisitionofknowledgebringsaboutallthreeat

2、thesametime.Thisparadoxicalresultisaptlyexplainedillustratedbyanumberofadvancesinourscientificknowledge.Considerfexamplethesonarsystemonwhichblindbatsrelytonavigateespeciallytoseekprey.Researchershavelearnedthatthissyste

3、misstartlinglysophisticated.Byemittingaudiblesoundsthenprocessingthereturningechoesabatcandetermineinananosecondnotonlyhowfarawayitsmovingpreyisbutalsothepreysspeeddirectionsizeevenspecie!Thisknowledgeacquiredhelpsexplai

4、nofcoursehowbatsnavigatesurvive.Yetatthesametimethisknowledgepointsouttheincrediblecomplexityoftheauditybrainfunctionsofcertainanimalsevenofmerehumanscreatesacertainmysterywonderabouthowsuchsystemseverevolvedganically.co

5、nsiderourknowledgeoftheuniverse.Advancesintelescopespaceexplationtechnologyseemtocrobatethetheyofacontinuallyexpinguniversethatbeganattheverybeginningoftimewitha“bigbang.“Ononelevelthisknowledgeassumingitqualifiesassuchh

6、elpsuscomprehendourplaceintheuniverseourultimatedestiny.Yetontheotherhitaddsyetanotherchaptertothemysteryaboutwhatexistedbefetimetheuniverse.considertheareaofatomicphysics.Thenakedhumaneyeperceivesverylittleofcourseofthe

7、complexityofmatter.Toourdistantanceststhephysicalwldappearedsimpleseeminglycomprehensiblebymeansofsighttouch.Thenbywayofscientificknowledgewelearnedthatallmatteriscomprisedofatomswhicharefurthercomprisedofprotonsneutrons

8、electrons.Thenwediscoveredanevenmebasicunitofmattercalledthequark.nowanewsocalled“string“theypositstheexistenceofanevenmefundamentaluniversalunitofmatter.Ontheonehthesediscoverieshaverenderedthingsmecomprehensiblebyexpla

9、iningreconcilingempiricalobservationsofhowmatterbehaves.Thestringtheyalsoreconcilesthediscrepancybetweenthequantumwavetheiesofphysics.Ontheotherheachdiscoveryhasinturnrevealedthatmatterismecomplexthanpreviouslythought.In

10、factthe3innovationsinmanufacturingprocessesmaterialsthatmademassproductionpossible.Asaresultwehavebecomeasocietyenslavedtoourcarsrelyingonthemascrutchesnotonlyftransptationbutalsofaffdingusafalsesenseofsocioeconomicstatu

11、s.Meoverthedevelopmentofassemblylinemanufacturinghasservedtoalienatewkersfromtheirwkwhichmanypsychologistsagreecausesagreatdealofpersonaldiscontent.Turningfromindividualachievementstosocietalincludingpoliticalachievement

12、stheextenttowhichgreatachievementshavecausedgreatdiscontentoftendependsononesperspective.ConsiderfexampleAmericasspiritofManifestDestinyduringthe19thCenturyBritishImperialismoverthespanofseveralcenturies.Fromtheperspecti

13、veofanImperialistconqueringotherlspeoplesmightbeviewedasanunqualifiedsuccess.HoweverfromtheviewpointoftheindigenouspeopleswhosufferatthehsofImperialiststhesesocalled“achievements“arethesourceofwidespreadoppressionmiseryi

14、nturndiscontenttowhichanyobservantNativeAmericanSouthAfricannativecouldattest.Theextenttowhichgreatsociopoliticalachievementshavecausedgreatdiscontentalsodependsontheperspectiveoftime.FexampleF.D.R.sNewDealwasstilliscons

15、ideredbymanytobeoneofthegreatestsocialachievementsofthe20thCentury.HoweverwearejustnowbeginningtorealizethatthesocialsecuritysystemthatwasanintegralpartofF.D.R.ssocialprogramwillsoonresultingreatdiscontentamongthosewkers

16、currentlypayingintothesystembutunlikelytoseeanybenefitsaftertheyretire.TosumupIagreethatgreatachievementsbothindividualsociopoliticaloftenresultingreatdiscontent.Meovergreatindividualachievementscanresultindiscontentfbot

17、htheindividualachieverthesocietyimpactedbytheachievement.Neverthelessinmeasuringtheextentofdiscontentwemustaccountfvaryingpersonalpoliticalperspectivesaswellasdifferenttimeperspectives.第三類題材第三類題材Science&TechnologyIssue30

18、“Theprimarygoaloftechnologicaladvancementshouldbetoincreasepeoplesefficiencysothateveryonehasmeleisuretime.“Thespeakercontendsthattechnologysprimarygoalshouldbetoincreaseourefficiencyfthepurposeofaffdingusmeleisuretime.I

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