市場、生計與制度_21824.pdf

1、暨南大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文市場、生計與制度姓名：劉強申請學(xué)位級別：碩士專業(yè)：中國古代史指導(dǎo)教師：劉正剛20050101摘要由于社會習(xí)俗和消費文化的慣性，清代到乾隆朝時期酒的消費已經(jīng)極為頻繁，酒業(yè)市場丹始成熟，釀酒的規(guī)模也極為可觀，并吸引了大量以此為生者。但是由于釀酒及其造酒曲耗費大量的糧食，隨著人口與社會的發(fā)展，對日益增長的民食形成一定的威脅，政府不得不出臺一些制度對市場加以規(guī)范和約束。由于這些制度與酒市場以及賴此為生者的利益是矛盾的，針對制

2、度引起了強烈的爭論。爭論所反映的是各地經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)、發(fā)展水平的差異，也顯示了官員為政理念的不同。從爭論可以看出，官員尤其地方為政者的立論是傾向于地方利益的，這與我們傳統(tǒng)強調(diào)中央高度集權(quán)的論點是有出入的。經(jīng)過話語的爭論和現(xiàn)實的較量，制度名存實亡，市場和民問社會的慣性占據(jù)了上風(fēng)。關(guān)鍵詞：乾隆市場燒鍋酒禁爭論AbstractBasedonsocialtraditionandconsumptionculture，theconsumptionofli

3、quorsbecamefairlycommoninQianLongperiodofQingdynasty；therefore，liquorsmarketbecamematureandalcoholicbeverageindustrybecamelargescaled，whichattractedalargenumberofpeopletoliveonitHoweverthedistiller’Syeastconsumedamassofg

4、rainsWiththedevelopmentofpopulationandsocietythisindustryendangeredtheincreasingfoodsuppliestosomeextentOnthisoccasion，govemmenthadtoenactsomerulestegulateandcontrolthemarket，whereastheserulescontradictedwiththeprofitsof

5、alcoholicmarketandpeoplelivingonitUnavoidablytheserulesbroughtaboutasharpdebate，whichreflectedthediversityofeconomicstructuresanddevelopmentlevelsinvariousregionsandthedifferentadministerialconceptsofgovernorsFromthisdeb

6、ate，itisclearthatgovernors，especiallylocalgovernorsconcentratedmoreonlocalbenefits，whichdiffersfromthetraditionalargumentationonstrongcentralizationofauthorityTheconflictbetweenrulesandrealitymadetheserulesexistinnameonl