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1、Designation:D7228?06a(Reapproved2015)StardTestMethodfPredictionofAsphaltBoundPavementLayerTemperatures1ThisstardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD7228thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearofiginaladop

2、tioninthecaseofrevisiontheyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperepsilon()indicatesaneditialchangesincethelastrevisionreapproval.1.Scope1.1Thistestmethodcoversameansofpredictingtemp

3、eratureswithintheasphaltboundlayer(s)ofaflexiblepavementsection.1.2Deflectiontestingcommonlyinvolvesthemeasurementofpavementsurfacetemperatures.ThisstardisbasedontemperaturerelationshipsdevelopedaspartoftheFederalHighway

4、Administration(FHWA)LongTermPavementPerfmance(LTPP)SeasonalMonitingProgram.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStards:2D4694TestMethodfDeflectionswithaFallingWeightTypeImpulseLoadDeviceD4695GuidefGeneralPavementDeflectionMeasure

5、mentsD4602GuidefNondestructiveTestingofPavementsUsingCyclicLoadingDynamicDeflectionEquipmentD5858GuidefCalculatingInSituEquivalentElasticModuliofPavementMaterialsUsingLayeredElasticThey2.2AASHTOStards:3T25600StardMethodo

6、fTestfPavementDeflectionMeasurementsT31702StardMethodofTestfPredictionofAsphaltBoundPavementLayerTemperatures2.3FederalHighwayAdministration:4FHWARD98085TemperaturePredictionsAdjustmentFactsfAsphaltPavementsJune2000LTPPG

7、uidetoAsphaltTemperaturePredictionCrectionOnlineTemperaturePredictionCrectionGuide—TOCNovember20023.Terminology3.1DefinitionsofTermsSpecifictoThisStard:3.1.1BELLS—anacronymbasedontheinitialsofthefourdevelopersofthemethod

8、:BaltzerErtmanLarsenLukanenStubstad.3.1.2depth—thedistancebelowthesurfaceofthetoplayerofasphalt.3.1.31dayairtemperature—theaverageoftheminimummaximumairtemperaturesatthelocationoftestingduringthepreviouscomplete24hourday

9、.4.SummaryofTestMethod4.1InputDataElements:4.1.1IRTemperature—Theexposedsurfacetemperatureofanasphaltpavementismeasuredpreferablywithaninfrared(IR)temperaturesensingdevicethatisproperlycalibrated.4.1.2TimeofDay—Thetimeof

10、daythetemperaturemeasurementtakesplaceisrecded.4.1.31DayTemperature—Theaverage1dayairtemperatureofthepreviouscomplete24hourdayisdeterminedrecded.4.1.4PavementDepth—Thedepthatwhichanestimateoftheasphaltlayertemperatureisr

11、equiredisspecified.4.2Theinputdataelementsareenteredintoaregressionfmulathatpredictsthetemperaturewithintheasphaltpavementatdepth.5.SignificanceUse5.1Analysisofdeflectiondatafromasphaltpavementsalmostalwaysrequiresthatth

12、erawdeflectionstheanalysisresultsfromtheloaddeflectiondatabeadjustedftheeffectsofpavementsurfacecoursetemperature.Measuringthetemperatureatdepthnmallyrequiresthataholebedrilledintothepavementpartiallyfilledwithfluidthete

13、mperaturemeasuredwithahhelddevice.Alternativelythermistsothertemperatureinstrumentationmaybepermanentlyinstalledatvariouslocations.5.2Currentdeflectiontestingequipmentisoftenequippedwithsurfacetemperaturesensingdevicesfe

14、xamplean1ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE17onVehiclePavementSystemsisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE17.41onPavementTestingEvaluation.CurrenteditionapprovedSept.12015.PublishedDecember2015.igina

15、llyapprovedin2006.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2011asD7228–06A(2011).DOI:10.1520D722806AR15.2FreferencedASTMstardsvisittheASTMwebsitewww.astm.gcontactASTMCustomerServiceat.FAnnualBookofASTMStardsvolumeinfmationrefertothe

16、stard’sDocumentSummarypageontheASTMwebsite.3AvailablefromAmericanAssociationofStateHighwayTransptationOfficials(AASHTO)444N.CapitolSt.NWSuite249WashingtonDC20001.4AvailablefromFederalHighwayAdministration(FHWA)400Seventh

17、StreetSWWashingtonDC20590.Copyright?ASTMInternational100BarrHarbDrivePOBoxC700WestConshohockenPA194282959.UnitedStates1APPENDIX(NonmatyInfmation)X1.EXAMPLESOURCECODEFCALCULATINGTHEPREDICTEDASPHALTTEMPERATUREBYTHEBELLSMET

18、HODX1.1ExplanationX1.1.1Purpose—Thesourcecodeispresentedtoillustrateapplicationofthetemperaturepredictionequationsparticularlytheapplicationofthe18hoursinfunctions.X1.1.2Language—ThesourcecodeiswritteninBASICcanberunonan

19、umberofbasicinterpreterscompilerseasilyconvertedtoothercomputerlanguages.X1.2ExampleSourceCodeListingX1.2’ProgramtoillustratetheimplementationoftheBELLS3equation‘froutinetestingwithapproximately30secondsofsurfaceshade.’C

20、LSINPUT9InputSurfaceTemperature9irINPUT9InputHouroftest9hrINPUT9InputMinutespastthehour9minINPUT9Inputthedepthfpredictingtheasphalttemperature9dINPUT9Inputaverageairtemperaturefthedaybefethetestdate9airdecimal.hrs=hrmin6

21、0IFdecimal.hrs11decimal.hrs9decimal.hrs3THENIFdecimal.hrs3THENdecimal.hrs=decimal.hrs24sine13.5=SIN(2pi(decimal.hrs13.5)18)ELSEsine13.5=1ENDIFtd=0.950.892irlogdepth=LOG(d)LOG(10)–1.25firstbracket=–0.448ir0.621air1.83sine

22、15.5last.term=0.042irsine13.5td=tdlogdepthfirstbracketlast.termX1.3ExampleTemperatureCalculationX1.3.1ThefollowinglinkLTPPGuidetoAsphaltTemperaturePredictionCrectioncourtesyofFHWAprovidesaspreadsheetmacrotocalculateanyat

23、depthpavementtemperature::www.tfhrc.govpavementltppfwdcdindex.htm.Whenusingthislinkrefertothe“BELLS3”calculationcellsfroutinepavementtestingmethods.IRtemperature=12.5CTimeofday=08:10hrsdepthofpavementsurfacecourse=75mmPr

24、evious1dayaverageairtemperature=23CT75mm50.9510.89212.51$log~75!21.25%3$20.44812.510.621~23!11.83sin~2π3~11.00215.5!18%10.04212.5sin~2π3~08.17213.5!18(X1.1)T75mm50.9510.89212.51$1.87521.25%3$20.44812.510.621~23!11.8321%1

25、004212.520.958(X1.2)T75mm50.95111.1510.6253$25.6114.2821.83%20.50515.9C(X1.3)ASTMInternationaltakesnopositionrespectingthevalidityofanypatentrightsassertedinconnectionwithanyitemmentionedinthisstard.Usersofthisstardareex

26、presslyadvisedthatdeterminationofthevalidityofanysuchpatentrightstheriskofinfringementofsuchrightsareentirelytheirownresponsibility.Thisstardissubjecttorevisionatanytimebytheresponsibletechnicalcommitteemustbereviewedeve

27、ryfiveyearsifnotrevisedeitherreapprovedwithdrawn.YourcommentsareinvitedeitherfrevisionofthisstardfadditionalstardsshouldbeaddressedtoASTMInternationalHeadquarters.Yourcommentswillreceivecarefulconsiderationatameetingofth

28、eresponsibletechnicalcommitteewhichyoumayattend.IfyoufeelthatyourcommentshavenotreceivedafairhearingyoushouldmakeyourviewsknowntotheASTMCommitteeonStardsattheaddressshownbelow.ThisstardiscopyrightedbyASTMInternational100

29、BarrHarbDrivePOBoxC700WestConshohockenPA194282959UnitedStates.Individualreprints(singlemultiplecopies)ofthisstardmaybeobtainedbycontactingASTMattheaboveaddressat6108329585(phone)6108329555(fax)(email)throughtheASTMwebsit

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