[學習]高中英語教師培訓課件：從命題看廣東高考備考

1、從命題看廣東高考備考,試題結(jié)構(gòu),題干（輸入）：文本（詞、句、篇）、圖畫、音頻、視頻等 | | 語言層面：詞、句、篇考點（過程）：語言知識：詞匯知識、語法知識、語篇知識 | 認知策略：識別、理解、推理、概括、產(chǎn)出… |答案（輸出）： 干擾項的設(shè)置方法： ○ 基于答案的干擾項（根據(jù)正確答

2、案編寫干擾項） ○ 基于原文的干擾項（干擾項源自原文） ○ 基于學生的干擾項（根據(jù)學生可能的答案） ○ 基于經(jīng)驗的干擾項（根據(jù)命題老師的經(jīng)驗）,命題的基本過程,選材設(shè)置考點設(shè)置干擾項,,,,,,,21. Tom: Mike, our team will play against the Rockets this weekend. I’m sure we will win. Mike: _

3、_______! A. Congratulations B. Cheers C. Best wishes D. Good luck,題干,考點,干擾項,,答案,閱讀理解：考點分類,信息量單句信息句組信息全文信息信息理解意義理解 字面意義 解釋意義 語境意義 隱含意義 推理意義 概括意義語言理解詞

4、義猜測 篇章結(jié)構(gòu)超篇章信息 作者態(tài)度 寫作目的,考點設(shè)置的基本原則: 信息塊●考點明確●分布合理,試題分析,閱讀理解：干擾項,基本原則： a. 干擾信息來源于原文 b. 干擾信息要集中 c. 不要互相干擾信息組合,試題分析,完形填空：考點分類,詞：詞語搭配句：結(jié)構(gòu)和意義篇：銜接和連貫,考點設(shè)置的基本原則: 關(guān)聯(lián)性●考點明確●分布合理,試題分析,完形填空：命題原則,[考點詞語]選擇考

5、試詞語的原則是：它必須可以根據(jù)篇章結(jié)構(gòu)、意義連貫或其它上下文信息進行推導的詞語。[線索詞語]線索詞語或結(jié)構(gòu)主要來源于詞語搭配、句子結(jié)構(gòu)、篇章銜接和意義連貫等信息。[干擾項]完形填空的干擾項主要從搭配、結(jié)構(gòu)、意義或連貫四個層面對答案進行干擾。,試題分析,該題的考點設(shè)置,1.主題的熟悉度2.認知的復雜度3.語言的難易度,寫作/口語：命題原則,試題分析,試題分析,聽力,語法,完形填空,閱讀,寫作,07試題,08試題2,08

6、試題,題材多樣化，口頭語特征明顯，理解層面逐年提高,強調(diào)應用，培養(yǎng)學生結(jié)構(gòu)與意義融合意識,通過考查實義詞的用法，強化學生的篇章連貫意識,選材多樣性，提高學生多種體裁的理解能力,主題生活化，語言產(chǎn)出個性化,語言思維培養(yǎng),語言知識,,,,語言思維,示例,實例分析,Tristan da Cunha, a 38-square-mile island, is the farthest inhabited island in the world,

7、according to the Guinness Book of Records. It is 1,510 miles southwest of its nearest neighbor, St. Helena, and 1,950 miles west of Africa. Discovered by the Portuguese admiral (葡萄牙海軍上將)of the same name in 1506, and sett

8、led in 1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred. Coming in a close second - and often wrongly mentioned as the most distant land - is Easter Island, which lies 1,26o miles'

9、; east of its nearest neighbor, Pitcairn Island, and 2,300 miles west of South America. The mountainous 64-square-mile island was settled around the 5th century, supposedly by people who were lost at sea. They had no c

10、onnection with the outside world for more than a thousand years, giving them plenty of time to build more than 1,000 huge stone figures, called moai, for which the island is most famous. On Easter Sunday, 1722, however

11、, settlers from Holland moved in and gave the island its name. Today, 2,000 people live on the Chilean territory (智利領(lǐng)土). They share one street, a small airport, and a few hours of television per day.,語法結(jié)構(gòu),詞性判斷,實義詞,功能詞,限定

12、詞,非限定詞,成分結(jié)構(gòu),非成分結(jié)構(gòu),并列結(jié)構(gòu),非并列結(jié)構(gòu),,,,,Autumn is the season that falls between31 summer and winter. There are many changes whinch/that32 begin in this fascinating season. Days become shorter33 (short). Leaves of tr

13、ees turn from green to vibrant red, yellow and orange. Trees need sunlight to keep 34their leaves lively green. 35By sunlight leaves turn colors. The grass is no longer blanketed with dew 36 but with frost, al

14、most every morning, 37when temperatures reach the 38 freezing (freeze) point. Animals start storing up a food supply 39to last (last) the long winter months. 40 Many changes occur as we adjust from the heat

15、 of the summer to the chill of the winter.,詞形變化,冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞……,代詞,連詞,介詞,句子意義的邏輯性,詞語搭配意義關(guān)系,修飾搭配,并列搭配,主謂搭配,固定搭配,,Top officials in city, state and federal governments are 21 to office by the people. They run for of

16、fice every two or four years and elections are held the first week of November. People who 22 elections are called politicians (政客). Many of them are lawyers. 23 politicians are often famous and important people

17、in their communities.21． A. invitedB. electedC. chosenD. decided22． A. take over B. run forC. go on withD. keep up23． A. PowerfulB. Experienced C. SuccessfulD. Popular,篇章銜接手段,Before elections, politi

18、cal candidates are very busy. They have frequent meetings with their 24 . But most of their time is 25 campaigning, shaking hands and making speeches to the 26 . There are different groups of voters from whom p

19、oliticians try to win 27 . Most large cities have black and Spanish speaking communities who elect powerful 28 . Some politicians appeal to businessmen while others appeal to laborers. Many politicians run for offi

20、ce by taking sides on important issues, such as balancing government budget, getting 29 rights for women, fighting corruption and creating job opportunities.24． A. candidates B. politicians C. supportersD. offici

21、als25． A. taken B. wasted C. delivered D. spent26． A. candidates B. people C. publicD. communities27． A. support B. vote C. candidatesD. campaign28． A. candidates B. politicia

22、ns C. officialsD. supporters29． A. extra B. particularC. differentD. equal,詞匯重復,同現(xiàn)關(guān)系,上下義詞,示例,篇章連貫性,意義關(guān)系,因果關(guān)系,例證關(guān)系,解釋關(guān)系,……,,示例,篇章主題,二、基礎(chǔ)寫作評分說明 基礎(chǔ)寫作主要考查考生的語言結(jié)構(gòu)的應用能力：能夠應用正確、規(guī)范的語言表達特定的內(nèi)容。

23、本試題要求考生根據(jù)所提供的信息，使用5個句子表達[寫作內(nèi)容]所提供的全部內(nèi)容。命題思想是要求考生在表達這些內(nèi)容時能夠： · 正確使用被動語態(tài)，比如：The contest was cancelled/ None were contested during the 1904 and 1928 Games/ Women were first allowed to compete in Olympic shooting i

24、n 1968等。 · 表達并列、轉(zhuǎn)折等關(guān)系，比如：and, but等。 在評分時，應注意以下幾個方面： 1．按照評分標準，實行分析法評分：按語言、內(nèi)容和連貫三項標準分別給分； 2．在語言方面，重點評判句子的語法結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確、用詞是否規(guī)范；考生是否使用了合適的句型結(jié)構(gòu)； 3．在內(nèi)容方面，重點評判考生是否表達所提供的全部信息；如果考生在表達完整的內(nèi)容時，適當添加一些內(nèi)容，不扣分；

25、4．在連貫方面，重點評判5個句子是否構(gòu)成一篇連貫的短文。,[寫作內(nèi)容]假設(shè)你就是信中的Ari, 父親在你出生的時候?qū)懥诉@封信。今天是父親50歲的生日，你準備以寫信的方式，祝賀他的生日。以下是信的內(nèi)容（信的開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)為你寫好）：1、以約30個詞概括父親在他信中對你的期望；2、以約120個詞表達你對父親的感恩，并包括如下要點：讀信后的感受以你自己成長的經(jīng)歷，說明你的感受；表達你對父親的感激和祝福。[寫作要求]作文中可使用