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1、本科畢業(yè)論文（設計）外文翻譯原文：原文：EstimatingCostattheConceptualDesignStagetoOptimizeDesignintermsofPerfmanceCostInthehighlycompetitivebusinessenvironmentcostestimationisastrategictoolwhichcanbeusedtoassistdecisionmakingwithregardtopro

2、ductsthroughouttheirlifecycle.70to80percentofthelifecyclecostsofaproductaredeterminedbydecisiontakenbydesignersduringtheearlydesignstages.Therefeitisimptanttoestimateoptimizecostasearlyasaccuratelyaspossible.Themainaimof

3、thisresearchistousetypicallyavailableinfmationattheconceptualstageofdesignestimatecostindertooptimizedesignintermsofperfmancecost.ThemainobjectiveistoemployDesignofExperiments(Taguchimethod)tousethesparseinfmationmeeffec

4、tivelyindertoestimatethecostofaproductattheearlydesignstage.Thispaperpresentsthecurrentstatusoftheresearchactivity.Acasestudyisintroducedwhichillustratestheinitialapplicationsoftheoptimizationprocess.Conclusionsarethendi

5、scussedthefutureresearchdescribed.Oneofthedifficulttasksundertakenbydesignersistoevaluatethecostofanewdesign.Whendesignersstarttodesignanewproductcostisacriticalfactindeterminingwhethertheproductwillbeviablenot.Nowadaysa

6、companyneedstoestimatethecostoftheproducttheconfidenceofthatestimateindertostarttodesignmanufactureaproductindetail.Reliablecostestimationoffutureproductsplaysasignificantpartfdesignersinavoidinginvestingmuchtimelosingco

7、nsiderablesumsonnoneconomicallyviableproducts.Goodcostestimationplaysasignificantpartintheperfmanceeffectivenessofabusinessenterpriseasoverestimationcanresultinlossofbusinessgoodwillwhereasunderestimationmayleadtofinanci

8、allosstotheenterprise.AsieduEu[1]statethat:Thegreaterthecontext.Farineauexplainsthatcostestimationmethodscanbedividedintofourcategiesintuitiveanalogicalparametricanalytical.Roydescribesthecostestimationdomainusingfivemet

9、hods:traditionalparametricfeaturebasedcasebasedreasoningneuralwks.FinallyNiaziDaicategizecostestimationintoqualitativequantitativeapproaches.Therearethreekeytechniqueswhichhavebeenusedbydifferentresearcherstoestimatecost

10、sattheconceptualstageofdesignincludingparametricneuralwksfeaturebasedcostingmethods.Parametricmodelsarewidelyusedareoftenusedastheprimaryinsomecasesthesolebasisfestimating.Theyareespeciallyusefulattheearlystagesofdesigni

11、naprogramwheredetailedinfmationisnotyetavailable.CmaragoRabenasolodefineaparametricmodelasaseriesofCostEstimationRelationships(CER)groundrulesassumptionsusingrelationshipsvariablesconstantstodescribedefineaspecificsituat

12、ion.ACERisamathematicalexpressionwherecostisafunctionofthecostdriver(s)variables.Neuralwks(NN)artificialneuralwk(ANN)wksimpleprocessingelementstoexhibitcomplexglobalbehavibyconnectingtheprocessingelementselementparameter

13、s.NNareparticularlyeffectivefcomplexestimatingproblemswheretherelationshipbetweenvariablescannotbeexpressedbysimplemathematicalexpressions.AyedexplainsthatanANNcansimulatetheactionofahumanexpertinacomplicateddecisionsitu

14、ation.ThegrowthofCADCAMtechnologyhasplayedasignificantpartinthedevelopmentoffeaturebasedcosting.Thefeaturebasedcostestimationmethodologydealswiththeidentificationofaproduct’scostrelatedfeaturesthedeterminationoftheassoci

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