jsp技術(shù)發(fā)展史外文翻譯

1、<p><b>　　外文原文</b></p><p>　　The technique development history of JSP</p><p>　　Writer: Bluce Rakel</p><p>　　From: http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/magazine/cc163420.as

2、px</p><p>　　The Java Server Pages( JSP) is a kind of according to web of the script plait distance technique, similar carries the script language of Java in the server of the Netscape company of server- sid

3、e JavaScript( SSJS) and the Active Server Pages( ASP) of the Microsoft.JSP compares the SSJS and ASP to have better can expand sex, and it is no more exclusive than any factory or some one particular server of Web. Thoug

4、h the norm of JSP is to be draw up by the Sun company of, any factory can carry out t</p><p>　　The After Sun release the JSP( the Java Server Pages) formally, the this kind of new Web application developme

5、nt technique very quickly caused the people's concern.JSP provided a special development environment for the Web application that establishes the high dynamic state. According to the Sun parlance, the JSP can adapt t

6、o include the Apache WebServer, IIS4.0 on the market at inside of 85% server product.</p><p>　　This chapter will introduce the related knowledge of JSP and Databases, and JavaBean related contents, is all ce

7、rtainly rougher introduction among them basic contents, say perhaps to is a Guide only, if the reader needs the more detailed information, pleasing the book of consult the homologous JSP.</p><p>　　A. General

8、ize</p><p>　　The JSP(Java Server Pages) is from the company of Sun Microsystems initiate, the many companies the participate to the build up the together of the a kind the of dynamic the state web the page t

9、echnique standard, the it have the it in the construction the of the dynamic state the web page the strong but the do not the especially of the function.JSP and the technique of ASP of the Microsoft is very alike. Both a

10、ll provide the ability that mixs with a certain procedure code and is explain by the l</p><p>　　C. JSP characteristics</p><p>　　Is a service according to the script language in some one language

11、 of the statures system this kind of discuss, the JSP should be see make is a kind of script language. However, be a kind of script language, the JSP seemed to be too strong again, almost can use all Javas in the JSP.<

12、;/p><p>　　Be a kind of according to text originally of, take manifestation as the central development technique, the JSP provided all advantages of the Java Servlet, and, when combine with a JavaBeans together,

13、 providing a kind of make contents and manifestation that simple way that logic separate. Separate the contents and advantage of logical manifestations is, the personnel who renews the page external appearance need not k

14、now the code of Java, and renew the JavaBeans personnel also need not be design </p><p>　　Generally speaking, in actual engine of JSP, the page of JSP is the edit and translate type while carry out, not expl

15、ain the type of. Explain the dynamic state web page development tool of the type, such as ASP, PHP3 etc., because speed etc. reason, have already can't satisfy current the large electronic commerce needs appliedly,

16、traditional development techniques are all at to edit and translate the executive way change, such as the ASP → ASP+; PHP3 → PHP4.</p><p>　　In the JSP norm book, did not request the procedure in the JSP code

17、 part( be called the Scriptlet) and must write with the Java definitely. Actually, have some engines of JSP are adoptive other script languageses, such as the EMAC- Script, WebL etc., but actually this a few script langu

18、ages also are to set up on the Java, edit and translate for the Servlet to carry out of. Write according to the norm of JSP, have no Scriptlet of relation with Java also is can of, however, mainly lie in the abili</p&

19、gt;<p>　　C. JSP mechanism</p><p>　　To comprehend the JSP how unite the technical advantage that above various speak of, come to carry out various result easily, the customer must understand the differ

20、entiation of" the module develops for the web page of the center" and" the page develops for the web page of the center" first. </p><p>　　The SSJS and ASPses are all in several year agos

21、to release, the network of that time is still very young, no one knows to still have in addition to making all business, datas and the expression logic enter the original web page entirely heap what better solve the meth

22、od. This kind of model that take page as the center studies and gets the very fast development easily. However, along with change of time, the people know that this kind of method is unwell in set up large, the Web that

23、can upgrade</p><p>　　At the same time, the people always at look for the better method of build up the Web application procedure, the module spreads in customer's machine/ server the realm. JavaBeans and

24、 ActiveX were published the company to expand to apply the procedure developer for Java and Windows to use to come to develop the complicated procedure quickly by" the fast application procedure development" (

25、RAD) tool. These techniques make the expert in the some realm be able to write the module for the perpendicu</p><p>　　Be a kind of take module as the central development terrace, the JSP appeared. It with th

26、e JavaBeans and Enterprise JavaBeans( EJB) module includes the model of the business and the data logic for foundation, provide a great deal of label and a script terraces to use to come to show in the HTML page from the

27、 contents of JavaBeans creation or send a present in return. Because of the property that regards the module as the center of the JSP, it can drive Java and not the developer of Java uses equ</p><p>　　See no

28、w how JSP is handle claim of HTTP. In basic claim model, a claim directly was send to JSP page in. The code of JSP controls to carry on hour of the logic processing and module of JavaBeanses' hand over with each othe

29、r, and the manifestation result in dynamic state bornly, mixing with the HTML page of the static state HTML code. The Beans can be JavaBeans or module of EJBs. Moreover, the more complicated claim model can see make from

30、 is request other JSP pages of the page call sign or Java </p><p>　　The engine of JSP wants to chase the code of Java that the label of JSP, code of Java in the JSP page even all converts into the big piece

31、together with the static state HTML contentses actually. These codes piece was organized the Java Servlet that customer can not see to go to by the engine of JSP, then the Servlet edits and translate them automatically b

32、yte code of Java. Thus, the visitant that is the website requests a JSP page, under the condition of it is not knowing, an already born, the </p><p>　　Compared with the traditional CGI, the JSP has the equal

33、 advantage. First, on the speed, the traditional procedure of CGI needs to use the standard importation of the system to output the equipments to carry out the dynamic state web page born, but the JSP is direct is mutual

34、ly the connection with server. And say for the CGI, each interview needs to add to add a progress to handle, the progress build up and destroy by burning constantly and will be a not small burden for calculator of be the

35、 ser</p><p><b>　　中文翻譯</b></p><p><b>　　JSP技術(shù)發(fā)展史</b></p><p>　　作者：Bluce Rakel</p><p>　　出處：http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/magazine/cc163420.aspx<

36、;/p><p>　　Java Server Pages(JSP)是一種基于web的腳本編程技術(shù)，類似于網(wǎng)景公司的服務(wù)器端Java腳本語言—— server-side JavaScript(SSJS)和微軟的Active Server Pages(ASP)。JSP比SSJS和ASP具有更好的可擴(kuò)展性，并且它不專屬于任何一家廠商或某一特定的Web服務(wù)器。盡管JSP規(guī)范是由Sun公司制定的，但任何廠商都可以在自己的系統(tǒng)上實(shí)

37、現(xiàn)JSP。 </p><p>　　在Sun正式發(fā)布JSP(Java Server Pages)之后，這種新的Web應(yīng)用開發(fā)技術(shù)很快引起了人們的關(guān)注。JSP為創(chuàng)建高度動(dòng)態(tài)的Web應(yīng)用提供了一個(gè)獨(dú)特的開發(fā)環(huán)境。按照Sun的說法，JSP能夠適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)上包括Apache WebServer、IIS4.0在內(nèi)的85%的服務(wù)器產(chǎn)品。</p><p>　　本文將介紹JSP相關(guān)的知識(shí)，以及JavaBean的

38、相關(guān)內(nèi)容，當(dāng)然都是比較粗略的介紹其中的基本內(nèi)容，或者說僅僅是一個(gè)Guide，如果讀者需要更詳細(xì)的信息，請(qǐng)參考相應(yīng)的JSP的書籍。</p><p><b>　　A. 概述</b></p><p>　　JSP(Java Server Pages)是由Sun Microsystems公司倡導(dǎo)、許多公司參與一起建立的一種動(dòng)態(tài)網(wǎng)頁技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，其在動(dòng)態(tài)網(wǎng)頁的建設(shè)中有其強(qiáng)大而特別的功

39、能。JSP與Microsoft的ASP技術(shù)非常相似。兩者都提供在HTML代碼中混合某種程序代碼、由語言引擎解釋執(zhí)行程序代碼的能力。下面我們簡(jiǎn)單的對(duì)它進(jìn)行介紹。</p><p><b>　　B. JSP的特點(diǎn)</b></p><p>　　按照腳本語言是服務(wù)于某一個(gè)子系統(tǒng)的語言這種論述，JSP應(yīng)當(dāng)被看作是一種腳本語言。然而，作為一種腳本語言，JSP又顯得過于強(qiáng)大了，在JS

40、P中幾乎可以使用全部的Java類。</p><p>　　作為一種基于文本的、以顯示為中心的開發(fā)技術(shù)，JSP提供了Java Servlet的所有好處，并且，當(dāng)與一個(gè)JavaBeans類結(jié)合在一起時(shí)，提供了一種使內(nèi)容和顯示邏輯分開的簡(jiǎn)單方式。分開內(nèi)容和顯示邏輯的好處是，更新頁面外觀的人員不必懂得Java代碼，而更新JavaBeans類的人員也不必是設(shè)計(jì)網(wǎng)頁的行家里手，就可以用帶JavaBeans類的JSP頁面來定義W

41、eb模板，以建立一個(gè)由具有相似的外觀的頁面組成的網(wǎng)站。JavaBeans類完成數(shù)據(jù)提供，這樣在模板中就沒有Java代碼，這意味著這些模板可以由一個(gè)HTML編寫人員來維護(hù)。當(dāng)然，也可以利用Java Servlet來控制網(wǎng)站的邏輯，通過Java Servlet調(diào)用JSP文件的方式來將網(wǎng)站的邏輯和內(nèi)容分離。</p><p>　　一般來說，在實(shí)際的JSP引擎中，JSP頁面在執(zhí)行時(shí)是編譯式，而不是解釋式的。解釋式的動(dòng)態(tài)網(wǎng)頁

42、開發(fā)工具如ASP、PHP3等由于速度等原因已經(jīng)滿足不了當(dāng)前大型電子商務(wù)應(yīng)用的需要了，傳統(tǒng)的開發(fā)技術(shù)都在向編譯執(zhí)行的方式改變，如ASP→ASP+；PHP3→PHP4。</p><p>　　在JSP規(guī)范書中，并沒有明確要求JSP中的程序代碼部分(稱為Scriptlet)一定要用Java來寫。實(shí)際上，有一些JSP引擎就是采用的其他腳本語言，如EMAC-Script、WebL等，但實(shí)際上這幾種腳本語言也是構(gòu)建在Java上

43、面，編譯為Servlet來實(shí)現(xiàn)的。按照J(rèn)SP規(guī)范書寫，和Java沒有任何關(guān)系的Scriptlet也是可以的，不過，由于JSP的強(qiáng)大功能主要在于能和JavaBeans、Enterprise JavaBeans一起工作，所以即使是Scriptlet部分不使用Java，編譯成的執(zhí)行代碼也應(yīng)該是與Java相關(guān)的。</p><p><b>　　C. JSP的機(jī)制</b></p><

44、p>　　要理解JSP怎樣聯(lián)合以上各種所提到的技術(shù)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，來輕而易舉地實(shí)現(xiàn)各種效果，用戶必須首先了解“組件為中心的網(wǎng)頁開發(fā)”和“頁面為中心的網(wǎng)頁開發(fā)”的區(qū)別。 </p><p>　　SSJS和ASP都是在幾年前推出的，那時(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)還很年輕，沒有人知道除了把所有的商務(wù)、數(shù)據(jù)和表達(dá)邏輯統(tǒng)統(tǒng)堆進(jìn)原始網(wǎng)頁中之外還有什么更好的解決方法。這種以頁面為中心的模型容易學(xué)習(xí)并且得到相當(dāng)快速的發(fā)展。然而，隨著時(shí)間的推移，人們認(rèn)識(shí)到這

45、種方法不適于構(gòu)建大型的、可升級(jí)的Web應(yīng)用程序。在腳本環(huán)境中書寫的表達(dá)邏輯被鎖在頁面內(nèi)，只有通過剪切和粘貼才能被重用。表達(dá)邏輯通常和商務(wù)及數(shù)據(jù)邏輯混在一起，這使得當(dāng)程序員試圖改變一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序的外觀而不想破壞與之緊密結(jié)合的商務(wù)邏輯時(shí)，應(yīng)用程序的維護(hù)就像在蛋殼上走路一樣困難。其實(shí)在企業(yè)中，可重用組件的應(yīng)用早已經(jīng)很成熟，沒有人愿意為它們的應(yīng)用程序重寫那些邏輯。HTML和圖形設(shè)計(jì)師把它們的設(shè)計(jì)的實(shí)施工作交給了Web編寫者，使他們不得不加倍工作—

46、— 常常是手工編寫，因?yàn)闆]有合適的工具可以把服務(wù)器端腳本與HTML內(nèi)容結(jié)合起來。簡(jiǎn)而言之，隨著Web應(yīng)用程序的復(fù)雜性不斷提升，以頁面為中心的開發(fā)方式的局限性變得明顯起來。 </p><p>　　與此同時(shí)，人們一直在尋找建立Web應(yīng)用程序的更好方法，組件在客戶機(jī)/服務(wù)器領(lǐng)域流行起來。JavaBeans和ActiveX被“快速應(yīng)用程序開發(fā)”(RAD)工具發(fā)行商推廣給Java和Windows應(yīng)用程序開發(fā)者用來快速開發(fā)復(fù)

47、雜的程序。這些技術(shù)使某領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的專家可以為本領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的垂直應(yīng)用編寫組件，而開發(fā)者可以直接拿來使用而不必掌握這一領(lǐng)域的專門技術(shù)。</p><p>　　作為一種以組件為中心的開發(fā)平臺(tái)，JSP出現(xiàn)了。它以JavaBeans和Enterprise JavaBeans(EJB)組件包含商務(wù)和數(shù)據(jù)邏輯的模型為基礎(chǔ)，提供大量標(biāo)簽和一個(gè)腳本平臺(tái)用來在HTML頁中顯示由JavaBeans產(chǎn)生或回送的內(nèi)容。由于JSP的以組件為中心的性質(zhì)

48、，它可以被Java和非Java開發(fā)者同樣使用。非Java開發(fā)者可以通過JSP的標(biāo)簽(Tags)來使用高級(jí)Java開發(fā)者創(chuàng)建的JavaBeans。Java開發(fā)者不僅可以創(chuàng)建和使用JavaBeans，還能在JSP頁中使用Java語言來更精密地控制基于底層JavaBeans的表達(dá)邏輯。 </p><p>　　現(xiàn)在來看看JSP是如何處理HTTP請(qǐng)求的。在基本請(qǐng)求模型中，一個(gè)請(qǐng)求直接被送到JSP頁中。JSP代碼控制著進(jìn)行邏

49、輯處理時(shí)與JavaBeans組件的交互，并在動(dòng)態(tài)生成的、混合了靜態(tài)HTML代碼的HTML頁中顯示結(jié)果。Beans 可以是JavaBeans 或EJB組件。另外，更加復(fù)雜的請(qǐng)求模型可看作從被請(qǐng)求頁呼叫其他JSP頁或Java Servlets。</p><p>　　JSP引擎實(shí)際上要把JSP標(biāo)簽、JSP頁中的Java代碼甚至連同靜態(tài)HTML內(nèi)容都轉(zhuǎn)換為大塊的Java代碼。這些代碼塊被JSP引擎組織到用戶看不到的Jav

50、a Servlet中去，然后Servlet自動(dòng)把它們編譯成Java字節(jié)碼。這樣，當(dāng)網(wǎng)站的訪問者請(qǐng)求一個(gè)JSP頁時(shí)，在它不知道的情況下，一個(gè)已經(jīng)生成的、預(yù)編譯過的Servlet實(shí)際上將完成所有的工作，非常隱蔽而又高效。因?yàn)镾ervlet是編譯過的，所以網(wǎng)頁中的JSP代碼不需要在每次請(qǐng)求該頁時(shí)被解釋一遍。JSP引擎只需在Servlet代碼最后被修改后編譯一次，然后這個(gè)編譯過的Servlet就可以被執(zhí)行了。由于是JSP引擎自動(dòng)生成并編譯Ser

51、vlet，不用程序員動(dòng)手編譯代碼，所以JSP能帶給你高效的性能和快速開發(fā)所需的靈活性。</p><p>　　和傳統(tǒng)的CGI相比較，JSP有相當(dāng)?shù)膬?yōu)勢(shì)。首先，在速度上，傳統(tǒng)的CGI程序需要使用系統(tǒng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)輸入輸出設(shè)備來實(shí)現(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)網(wǎng)頁的生成，而JSP是直接和服務(wù)器相關(guān)聯(lián)的。而且對(duì)于CGI來說，每一個(gè)訪問就需要新增加一個(gè)進(jìn)程來處理，進(jìn)程不斷地建立和銷毀對(duì)于作為Web服務(wù)器的計(jì)算機(jī)將是不小的負(fù)擔(dān)。其次，JSP是專門為Web開