應(yīng)用紫蜂技術(shù)將醫(yī)療器械一體化外文翻譯

1、 Proceedings of the 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE EMBS Cité International, Lyon, France August 23-26, 2007. Using Zigbee to Integrate Medical DevicesPaul Frehill, Desmond Chambers, Cosmin Rota

2、riuAbstract— Wirelessly enabling Medical Devices such as Vital Signs Monitors, Ventilators and Infusion Pumps allows central data collection. This paper discusses how data from these types of devices can be integrated

3、into hospital systems using wireless sensor networking technology. By integrating devices you are protecting investment and opening up the possibility of networking with similar devices. In this context we present how

4、 Zigbee meets our requirements for bandwidth, power, security and mobility. We have examined the data throughputs for various medical devices, the requirement of data frequency, security of patient data and the logist

5、ics of moving patients while connected to devices.The paper describes a new tested architecture that allows this data to be seamlessly integrated into a User Interface or Healthcare Information System (HIS). The desig

6、n supports the dynamic addition of new medical devices to the system that were previously unsupported by the system. To achieve this, the hardware design is kept generic and the software interface for different types

7、of medical devices is well defined. These devices can also share the wireless resources with other types of sensors being developed in conjunction on this project such as wireless ECG (Electrocardiogram) and Pulse-Oxim

8、etry sensors.MANY devices that exist today by the bedside in the hospital ward, intensive care unit or other clinical setting have data output features over serial ports and other types of interfaces such as USB. Thes

9、e devices are usually considered a significant investment and are usually purchased in an ad hoc fashion as required when finance becomes available. The consequence of this is that devices are often from different man

10、ufacturers that don’t support any standard protocol. This can make integrating these devices into a single network difficult.In the hospital ward Vital Signs monitors, Ventilators and Infusion Pumps of many different

11、brands are usually portable and wheeled from patient to patient as required. By networking these devices the hospital gains all the advantages associated with storing patient data centrally in electronic records. By m

12、aking the device part of a wireless sensor network such as a Zigbee [1] network there are several more advantages including, cable replacement, people and general obstacles is a major issue. Zigbee is based upon the IEE

13、E standard 802.15.4 [11] for radio hardware and software specification. MobilityZigbee enabled devices support a sleep mode. An off-line node can connect to a network in about 30 ms .Waking up a sleeping node takes abo

14、ut 15 ms, as does accessing a channel andtransmitting data. If the requirement is to collect data once a minute the device can be placed in a power saving mode saving significant amounts of energy and increasing the b

15、attery life. In sleep mode a Zigbee chip can assume as little as 1.0uA [12]. This is particularly important in a medical setting where patients are often on the move while still attached to medical devices.Co-existenc

16、e Both Zigbee and IEEE802.11 operate in the license-free industrial scientific medical (ISM)2.4GHz frequency band.IEEE802.11 is already in widespread use within hospitals which would encourage the adoption of Zigbee so

17、lutions in the same environment. However care has to be taken to avoid interference between these 2 neighbouring technologies as described in the paper entitled “Coexistance of IEEE802.15.4 with other systems in the 2

18、.4GHz-ISM-band” [13]. By selecting an appropriate channel, after performing a simple site survey, these problems can be easily avoided. Device Parameters Typical readings available on a ventilator are Inspiratory Tidal

19、 Volume, Expiratory Tidal Volume, O2 concentration, Respiratory Rate, Peak Pressure, Expired Minute Volume and Mean Airway Pressure. The settings on the ventilator are also of interest to medical staff. The most typic

20、al settings we’ve chosen are Inspiratory Tidal Volume, Minute Volume, O2 Concentration, I:E Ratio, Breath Duration and Inspiratory Flow.Similarly we have chosen some common parameters for Vital Signs Monitors. These a

21、re Respiratory Rate, Non Invasive Blood Pressure, SPO2 and Temperature. The third device we selected parameters for is the Unfusion Pump. The common parameters we are most interested in here are Volume, Time, Ramp and

22、 Occlusion Pressure. Further parameters can be easily added to the system in the future.Bandwidth For development purposes we analysis a Maquet Servo-I [14] which supports all the ventilator parameters described above.