2019屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)（課標(biāo)3卷b版）課件：專題十三　觀點態(tài)度

1、Passage 1(2018課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ,D)詞數(shù):408We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(裝置) well after t

2、hey go out of style. That's bad news for the environment—and our wallets—as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices ar

3、e using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life—from when its minerals are mined to when we stop usin

4、g the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 19,五年高考,A組 統(tǒng)一

5、命題·課標(biāo)卷題組,92. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smartphones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, w

6、e didn't throw out our old ones. “The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house,”said one researcher. The average numb

7、er of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We're not just keeping these old devices—we con-tinue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors

8、and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions(排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what's the solution(解決方案

9、)?The team's data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word proce

10、ssing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.,1.What does the author think of new devices?A.They are en

11、vironment-friendly.B.They are no better than the old.C.They cost more to use at home.D.They go out of style quickly.2.Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research?A.To reduce the cost of minerals.B.To test the l

12、ife cycle of a product.C.To update consumers on new technology.D.To find out electricity consumption of the devices.3.Which of the following uses the least energy?A.The box-set TV.　　B.The tablet.C.The LCD TV.　　D.The

13、 desktop computer.,4.What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A.Stop using them.　　B.Take them apart.C.Upgrade them.　　D.Recycle them.答案[語篇解讀]　我們也許認(rèn)為當(dāng)新的科技產(chǎn)品出現(xiàn)時,人們會將已經(jīng)落后、過時的東西拋棄,但研究發(fā)現(xiàn)事實并非如此。陳舊的

14、產(chǎn)品仍然被使用著,但是使用起來消耗的能源多、污染大,的確應(yīng)該及時淘汰。1.A　觀點態(tài)度題。本題題干意為:作者認(rèn)為新裝置怎么樣?根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知,繼續(xù)使用過時的裝置對環(huán)境和我們的錢包都不是好消息,因為它們與新裝置相比,做相同的事情會消耗更多的能源。由此可判斷,作者認(rèn)為新裝置有利于環(huán)保。2.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為:為什么Babbitt的團隊要進行這項研究?根據(jù)第二段第一句可知,為了弄清楚這些設(shè)備消耗多少電量,Babb

15、itt和同事們持續(xù)跟蹤每個產(chǎn)品在其使用周期內(nèi)的環(huán)境成本。D項意為“為了查清這些裝置耗費的電量?！?與文章內(nèi)容一致。,3.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為:以下哪種裝置耗能最少?根據(jù)第一段可知新裝置耗費的能量較少,而第二段則指出與其他幾種裝置相比,tablets(平板電腦)出現(xiàn)的時間最晚,為最新的科技產(chǎn)品,而且最后一段指出,tablets具有多種功能,比電視和臺式電腦消耗的能量少,故B項正確。4.A　推理判斷題。本題題干意為:文章建

16、議人們?nèi)绾翁幚黻惻f的電子設(shè)備?最后一段講到了解決方案,本段指出,研究人員探索了消費者用有多種功能的電子產(chǎn)品替換陳舊產(chǎn)品后的結(jié)果。由最后一句可知,用平板電腦代替電視和臺式電腦來收看娛樂節(jié)目,會減少44%的能源消耗。由此可知文章建議人們不要再使用陳舊的電子設(shè)備,故A項正確。難句分析原句:We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at

17、the first sight of some-thing shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices well after they go out of style. 分析:but連接兩個并列的分句,在but前的分句中,think后為賓語從句,在該賓語從句中that引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞culture;在but后的分句中, t

18、hat引導(dǎo)的賓語從句作shows的賓語,after引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。,譯文:我們也許認(rèn)為,在我們的文化中,一看到閃光的新東西,就會淘汰陳舊的科技。但是一項新研究表明,在陳舊裝置早就過時之后,我們?nèi)栽诶^續(xù)使用它們。重點詞匯　shiny adj. 閃光的;有光澤的　evolve v. 逐漸發(fā)展　define v. 給……下定義;界定    accumulate v. 積聚;積累cathode

19、 ray tube 陰極射線管　consumption n. 消費;消耗Passage 2(2017課標(biāo)全國Ⅲ,C)詞數(shù):291After years of heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park. Four-teen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the p

20、ark. By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves.Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually

21、 displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around.The disappeara

22、nce of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and elk populations—major,food sources(來源)for the wolf—grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegeta-tion(植被),which reduced plant diversity in the park.

23、 In the absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park's red foxes, and completely drove away the park's beavers.As early as 1966, biologists asked t

24、he government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellow-stone Park. They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problems. Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill

25、 their farm animals or pets.The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolves. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. Today,

26、the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone. Elk, deer, and coyote populations are down, while beavers and red foxes have made a comeback. The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valu

27、able experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well.,1.What is the text mainly about?A.Wildlife research in the United States.B.Plant diversity in the Yellowst

28、one area.C.The conflict between farmers and gray wolves.D.The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park.2.What does the underlined word“displaced”in paragraph 2 mean?A.Tested.　　B.Separated.C.Forced out.　　D.Tracke

29、d down.3.What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about?A.Damage to local ecology.B.A decline in the park's income.C.Preservation of vegetation.D.An increase in the variety of animals.4.What is the autho

30、r's attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf project?A.Doubtful.　　B.Positive. C.Disapproving.　　D.Uncaring.,答案[語篇解讀]　本文講述了經(jīng)過多年激烈的爭論,美國政府終于從加拿大重新把14匹灰狼引入黃石國家公園,以恢復(fù)當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鷳B(tài)平衡。1.D　主旨大意題。全篇自始至終談?wù)摰木褪侵匦掳鸦依且朊绹S石國家公園,故正確選項應(yīng)為D

31、。2.C　詞義猜測題。短文第二段描述灰狼曾經(jīng)在黃石地區(qū)和美國大陸的大部分地區(qū)生活,由于人類的發(fā)展,到20世紀(jì)20年代,灰狼幾乎在黃石地區(qū)消失了。由此可以判斷肯定是人類的發(fā)展“逼走”了灰狼,迫使灰狼遷徙到加拿大的森林地區(qū)。故正確選項為C。3.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知灰狼的消失產(chǎn)生了許多出乎意料的結(jié)果。作為灰狼食物來源的其他動物繁衍過快,導(dǎo)致當(dāng)?shù)刂脖槐贿^度消耗,公園的植物多樣性遭到破壞;沒有了天敵灰狼,當(dāng)?shù)氐慕祭茄杆俜毖?

32、而郊狼殺死了公園大部分的紅狐,也讓河貍喪失了棲息之地。因此考生可以判斷黃石國家公園的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)遭到破壞,故最佳選項為A。4.B　觀點態(tài)度題。從短文中最后一段最后一句中的a valuable experiment可以推斷出作者的態(tài)度是積極的,因此B項正確。高級語塊　1.consume v.消耗;吃　2.oppose v.反對　3.reintroduce v.重新引入,Passage 3(2015課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ,C)詞數(shù):269More

33、 students than ever before are taking a gap year(間隔年)before going to university.It used to be called the“year off”between school and university.The gap-year phenomenon originated(起源)with the months left over to Oxbridg

34、e applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.This year,25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year,acco

35、rding to statistics on university entrance provided by the University and College Admissions Service(UCAS).That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year.Tony Higgins from U-CAS said that

36、the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education.“Students who take a well-planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with,and complete,their chosen course.Stu-dents who take a gap year are often mor

37、e mature and responsible,”he said.,But not everyone is happy.Owain James,the president of the National Union of Students(NUS),ar-gued that the increase is evidence of student hardship—young people are being forced into

38、earning money before finishing their education.“New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to ￡15,000 in debt.It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn

39、money to support their study for the degree.NUS statistics show that over 40% of stu-dents are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation peri-ods,”he said.1.What do we learn about

40、 the gap year from the text?A.It is flexible in length.B.It is a time for relaxation.C.It is increasingly popular.D.It is required by universities.2.According to Tony Higgins,students taking a gap year　　  

41、  .A.are better prepared for college studies,B.know a lot more about their future jobsC.are more likely to leave university in debtD.have a better chance to enter top universities3.How does Owain James feel

42、 about the gap-year phenomenon?A.He's puzzled.　　B.He's worried.C.He's surprised.　　D.He's annoyed.4.What would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics?A.Attend additional courses

43、.B.Make plans for the new term.C.Earn money for their education.D.Prepare for their graduate studies.答案[語篇解讀]　本文介紹了越來越多的學(xué)生在被大學(xué)錄取后,不直接去上大學(xué),而是在間隔年期間賺取上大學(xué)的費用的現(xiàn)象。,1.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句話和第三段第一句話可知,越來越多的學(xué)生在被大學(xué)錄取后,不直接去上大學(xué)

44、,而是選擇經(jīng)歷一個間隔年。故選C。2.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知,Tony Higgins認(rèn)為學(xué)生經(jīng)歷間隔年可以為未來的大學(xué)教育做充分的準(zhǔn)備,使他們變得更成熟和更有責(zé)任感。故選A。3.B　觀點態(tài)度題。在第四段中出現(xiàn)了evidence of student hardship,being forced into earning money,are forced to work等體現(xiàn)Owain James觀點傾向的詞語。由此可判斷

45、他對間隔年這一現(xiàn)象表示擔(dān)憂。4.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知絕大部分學(xué)生在假期通過打工掙學(xué)費。故選C。長難句　The gap-year phenomenon originated with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic yea

46、r.間隔年現(xiàn)象起源于給牛津大學(xué)和劍橋大學(xué)的申請者留下的幾個月,從十一月的入學(xué)考試到下一學(xué)年開學(xué)之間。本句主干是:The gap-year phenomenon originated with the months,left over...academic year作后置定語。,B組 自主命題·?。▍^(qū)、市）卷題組Passage 1(2018天津,B)詞數(shù):420When I was 17, I read a maga

47、zine article about a museum called the McNay, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay. She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to

48、 the museum. She asked, “Do you have the address?”“No, but I'll recognize it, there was a picture in the magazine.”“Oh, stop. There it is!”The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the

49、 hall stopped talking and stared at us.“May I help you?”a man asked.“No,”I said.“We're fine.”Tour guides got on my nerves. What if they talked a long time about a painting you weren't that interested in?Sally

50、had gone up-stairs. The people in the hall seemed very nosy(愛窺探的), keeping their eyes on me with curiosi-ty. What was their problem?I saw some nice sculptures in one room. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me.“W

51、here do you think you are?”he asked. I turned sharply.“The McNay Art Museum!”He smiled, shaking his head.“Sorry, the McNay is on New Braunfels Street.”,“What's this place?”I asked, still confused.“Well, it's our

52、 home.”My heart jolted(震顫). I raced to the staircase and called out,“Sally!Come down immediately!”“There's some really good stuff(藝術(shù)作品)up there.”She stepped down, looking confused. I pushed her toward the front do

53、or, waving at the family, saying,“Sorry, please forgive us, you have a really nice place.”O(jiān)utside, when I told Sally what happened, she covered her mouth, laughing. She couldn't believe how long they let us look ar

54、ound without saying anything.The real McNay was splendid, but we felt nervous the whole time we were there. Van Gogh, Pi-casso. This time, we stayed together, in case anything else unusual happened.Thirty years later,

55、 a woman approached me in a public place. “Excuse me, did you ever enter a residence, long ago, thinking it was the McNay Museum?”　　“Yes. But how do you know?We never told anyone.”“That was my home. I was a teenager s

56、itting in the hall. Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky before. You thought it was a museum. My feel-ings about my home changed after that. I've always wante

57、d to thank you.”,1.What do we know about Marian McNay?A.She was a painter.B.She was a community leader.C.She was a museum director.D.She was a journalist.2.Why did the author refuse the help from the man in the hous

58、e?A.She disliked people who were nosy.B.She felt nervous when talking to strangers.C.She knew more about art than the man.D.She mistook him for a tour guide.3.How did the author feel about being stared at by the peo

59、ple in the hall?A.Puzzled.　　B.Concerned.C.Frightened.　　D.Delighted.,4.Why did the author describe the real McNay museum in just a few words?A.The real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her.B.She was too upset

60、to spend much time at the real museum.C.The McNay was disappointing compared with the house.D.The event happening in the house was more significant.5.What could we learn from the last paragraph?A.People should have g

61、ood taste to enjoy life.B.People should spend more time with their family.C.People tend to be blind to the beauty around them.D.People tend to educate teenagers at a museum.答案[語篇解讀]　本文為記敘文。30年前,作者和朋友去參觀一家博物館,由于不知道具體

62、地址誤入別人的家,主人對她們的到來感到很困惑,而作者對主人的表現(xiàn)也感到很困惑……。30年后,作者與房主的女兒偶遇,得知自己曾經(jīng)的誤入使她意識到人們不該對身邊的美視而不見。,1.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為:對于Marian McNay我們了解什么?根據(jù)第一段中“once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay(曾經(jīng)是一個名叫Marian McNay的水彩畫畫家的家)”可知Ma

63、rian McNay是一名畫家,故答案為A項。2.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為:作者為什么拒絕房子里的男人的幫助?根據(jù)第四段中“Tour guides got on my nerves.(導(dǎo)游總會使我感到心煩)”可知,作者當(dāng)時之所以拒絕其幫助是因為她誤認(rèn)為那個男人是導(dǎo)游,故答案為D項。A:她不喜歡愛窺探的人;B:當(dāng)與陌生人講話時她會感到緊張;C:她比那個男人對藝術(shù)了解得更多。3.A　觀點態(tài)度題。本題題干意為:在被大廳中的人們盯

64、著看時,作者感覺怎么樣?根據(jù)第四段中作者心里想的話“What was their problem?”可知,作者當(dāng)時感到很困惑(Puzzled),故答案為A項。B:擔(dān)心的;C:害怕的;D:高興的。4.D　推理判斷題。本題題干意為:為什么作者只用了一點兒文字描述真正的McNay博物館?根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段中的內(nèi)容可推知:作者誤入別人家這件事使她在參觀真正的McNay博物館時一直感到很緊張,擔(dān)心再出現(xiàn)什么意外。由此可知在那個房子里發(fā)生的事

65、更重要,故答案為D項。A:真正的博物館沒有足夠的藝術(shù)作品使她感興趣;B:她感到非常不安而不能在那家真正的博物館中待很長時間;C:與那個房子相比,McNay博物館令人失望。,5.C　推理判斷題。本題題干意為:從最后一段我們能得知什么?根據(jù)最后一段中的I never re-alized what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky before.可知:人們往往會對身邊的美視

66、而不見,故答案為C項。難句分析原句:What if they talked a long time about a painting you weren't that interested in?分析:本句使用了表示省略的常用句型“What if...?”。此外you weren't that interested in為省略關(guān)系詞的定語從句,修飾先行詞a painting。譯文:如果他們對于一幅你不那么感興

67、趣的畫談很長時間怎么辦呢?重點詞匯　curiosity n.好奇　sculpture n.雕塑　splendid adj.絕好的詞匯積累　get on one's nerves煩擾某人　in case以防Passage 2(2016四川,C)?詞數(shù):313In the depths of the French Guianese rainforest, there still remain unusual groups o

68、f indigenous(土著的)people. Surprisingly, these people live largely by their own laws and their own social cus-toms. And yet, people in this area are in fact French citizens because it has been a colony(殖民地),of the French

69、 Republic since 1946. In theory, they should live by the French law. However, their remote locations mean that the French law is often ignored or unknown, thus making them into an interesting area of“l(fā)awlessness”in the

70、 world.The lives of these people have finally been recorded thanks to the efforts of a Frenchman from Paris called Gin. Gin spent five months in early 2015 exploring the most remote corners of this area, which sits on

71、 the edge of the Amazon rainforest, with half its population of only 250,000 liv-ing in its capital, Cayenne.“I have a special love for the French Guianese people. I have worked there on and off for almost ten years,”

72、says Gin.“I've been able to keep firm friendships with them. Thus I have been al-lowed to gain access to their living environment. I don't see it as a lawless land. But rather I see it as an area of freedom.”“