book 4 板塊八 modules 6

1、Ⅰ.詞匯認知1． vt.襲擊；攻擊2． vt.聲稱3． vt.占地(多大面積)4． vi.適應(yīng)；適合,Module 6　Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World,attack,claim,cover,adapt,5． adj.嚇人的→

2、 v．使害怕→ n．害怕→ adj.害怕的6． vi.進化；演變→ n．進化，發(fā)展7． n．毀壞→ vt.破壞，毀壞8． adj.變化莫測的→ adj.可

3、預(yù)言的9． vt.象征；暗示→ n．象征，跡象10． n．身份；特性→ vt.辨別，確認11． n．運氣；命運；財富→ adj.幸運的→ adv.幸運地12．

4、 　　　　　 　　突出；伸出；顯眼13． 再次成為新聞,frightening,frighten,fright,frightened,evolve,evolution,destruction,destroy,unpredictable,predictable,indicate,indication,identity,identify,fort

5、une,fortunate,fortunately,stick out,be back in the news,14． 看清楚15． 和……有關(guān)系/有聯(lián)系16．

6、 消失；滅絕Ⅱ.語境助記Research that some animals are from the world. The reason why they go is not a .As we all know，many people hunt the animals or even destroy their ha

7、bitats to make a ，forcing the animals to to their new environment or die out.The pollution also poses a great threat to their .Fortunately，people have realized the seriousness of the pr

8、oblem and worked together to protect the animals.,get a clear look,be related to,die out,indicates,disappearing,extinct,mystery,fortune,adapt,existence,1．claim v．聲稱；主張；要求；索賠n．?dāng)嘌?；?quán)利；要求權(quán)；所有權(quán),①He claimed to have seen the M

9、ona Lisa.→He claimed that he had seen the Mona Lisa.他宣稱他看過“蒙娜麗莎”那幅畫。②It is claimed that some teachers in our school are working 90 hours a week.據(jù)說我們學(xué)校有些老師每周工作90個小時。③They put in a claim on the insurance for the stole

10、n luggage.他們在行李被偷后向保險公司提出索賠要求。,2．exist vi.存在；生存,①In Sweden，legends exist in people's everyday life.在瑞典，人們的日常生活中有許多傳說。②The old man finds it hard to exist on the pension alone.老人發(fā)現(xiàn)很難僅靠養(yǎng)老金生活。③Scientists have many t

11、heories about how the universe first came_into_existence.關(guān)于一開始宇宙是如何產(chǎn)生的，科學(xué)家們有多種論說。exist作動詞使用時無進行時也無被動語態(tài)。,3．a(chǎn)dapt vt.(使)適應(yīng)；改編 vi.適應(yīng),①The children are finding it hard to adapt to their new school.孩子們發(fā)覺很難適應(yīng)新學(xué)校。②If you c

12、an adapt to something you can change in order to make the situation better.如果你能適應(yīng)一樣?xùn)|西，你就能改變它，以使情況更好。③When you go to a new country，you must adapt yourself to new manners and customs.當(dāng)你到一個新的國家時，你必須使自己適應(yīng)新的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。,adapt與ado

13、pt，兩詞詞形相近，但意思不同。adapt意為“適應(yīng)；改編”，adopt意為“采納；收養(yǎng)”。,4．a(chǎn)ttack v．進攻，攻擊；開始；著手；(疾病)侵襲；侵害n.攻擊；進攻；病情發(fā)作(可數(shù)名詞)①Once again we came under attack from enemy fighter planes.我們又一次遭到敵人戰(zhàn)斗機的襲擊。②The professor died of heart trouble yes

14、terday.昨天教授死于心臟病。③The soldiers made a strong attack on the enemy.戰(zhàn)士們向敵人發(fā)起猛烈進攻。,5．fortune n．運氣，命運[U]；財產(chǎn)[C],①Many young people went to seek their fortune abroad.許多年輕人去國外尋找成功的機會。②He's fortunate_in having a good job

15、，since business is bad nowadays.他有一份好工作真幸運，因為近來生意不好做。③She has the fortune to work with a creative team.,6．unlikely adj.不可能的①The project is unlikely to succeed if not carefully planned.如果不進行精心計劃，這個項目就不可能成功。②It i

16、s unlikely that she will accept the plan made by the boss.她不可能接受老板制訂的方案。③But he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned.但是他可能很快忘記了他學(xué)過的每一件事情。,7．come straight to the point 談?wù)}；開門見山①I was on the point

17、 of leaving when the phone rang.我正要走的時候，電話鈴響了。②When it comes to the point，I am prepared to resign over this.到了關(guān)鍵時刻，我愿為此辭職。③I could see that there_was_no_point_in_arguing_with him.我明白與他爭議沒有什么意義。,8．due to由于，因……造成(to為介詞

18、)；到期；約定；預(yù)期(to為不定式符號),①Some experts believe it is due_to the animals the myths grew out of.一些專家認為這是由這些神話產(chǎn)生的動物造成的。②It is reported that the accident is_due_to careless driving，so a lot of money was due to be paid by the

19、 driver.據(jù)報道，這次交通事故是由于司機的粗心駕駛造成的，所以應(yīng)該由司機支付大量的費用。③The death toll due to drunk driving has been greatly reduced.由于醉酒駕車造成的死亡人數(shù)已經(jīng)極大地下降了。,(1)很少說“His stay at home was because of the rain”，但是在“He stayed at home；this was becau

20、se of the rain.”這一句式中屬正常使用。(2)owing to引導(dǎo)的短語必須是修飾全句的。嚴(yán)格講，置于句末時應(yīng)用逗號和主句隔開；而because of引導(dǎo)的短語可以只修飾主句的一部分，放于句末時不用逗號與主句隔開。,9．die out滅絕；(習(xí)俗習(xí)慣等)消失,①Many species are in danger of dying out because of human activities.由于人類的活動很多物種處

21、于滅絕的危險之中。②Some traditional skills are dying out because they fail to appeal to the younger generation.因為很難吸引年輕人，一些傳統(tǒng)的技藝正在消失。③The strange noise died_away and an absolute silence closed in upon us.那奇怪的聲音慢慢消失了，我們被一片寂靜籠罩

22、著。,10．throw light on使(問題)較容易理解，闡明某事，相當(dāng)于cast light on,①The study may throw light on the future development of the Internet.這項研究可能會讓人們弄清楚互聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展的前景。②The details of the murder came to light.大家都知道了這起兇殺案的細節(jié)。③He will probabl

23、y change his mind in the light of the latest information.鑒于最新的資料，他很可能會改變主意。,1．The cakes are delicious.He'd like to have ________ third one because ________ second one is rather too small.A．a(chǎn)；a　　　　　　　　 　B．the；theC．

24、a；the D．the；a解析：當(dāng)序數(shù)詞表示“順序”時用定冠詞 the；表示“再一；又一”時用不定冠詞a/an。從句子的意思可知，third one表示“再吃一個”，所以填a；second one表示所吃的“第二個”，所以填the。答案：C,2．(2013年寶雞模擬)—Can you persuade him out of the foolish idea?—___

25、_____ is no point in doing so.He will never change his mind.A．It B．AsC．This D．There解析：There is no point in doing sth.意為“做某事是沒有意義的”。答句

26、句意：這樣做毫無意義，他不會改變主意的。答案：D,3．During an earthquake，the great part of damage and loss of life have been ________ collapse of buildings and other effects rather than from the quakes themselves.A．owing to

27、 B．by reason ofC．on account of D．due to解析：考查介詞短語。due to“由于”，既可作表語又可作狀語，owing to，on account of與due to同義，但多作狀語，一般不作表語；by reason of“由于，以……為理由”，也在句中作狀語。答案：D,4．(2013年煙臺模擬)I can hardly exist _

28、_______ the wage I'm getting；there is no money for luxuries.A．in B．fromC．on D．without解析：句意：我靠我掙的工資簡直難以糊口，根本無錢享受。exist on靠……生

29、存/生活(尤指有困難或錢很少)。答案：C,5．There is a great deal of evidence ________ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.A．indicate B．indicatingC．to indicate D．

30、to be indicating解析：考查非謂語動詞。邏輯主語a great deal of evidence與indicate之間是主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用indicate的現(xiàn)在分詞形式indicating，此處相當(dāng)于“...a great deal of evidence which indicates that...”，故選B項。答案：B,6．(2013年西安高三質(zhì)檢)The newcomers found it difficult

31、to ________ themselves to the regulations.A．suit B．a(chǎn)daptC．a(chǎn)dopt D．fit解析：句意：新來者發(fā)現(xiàn)很難使自己適應(yīng)這些規(guī)定。suit意為“適合”，suit oneself意為“我行我素”；adapt oneself to“使

32、某人適應(yīng)……”；adopt“采納，收養(yǎng)”；fit“適合”。所以根據(jù)句意選B項。答案：B,7．He tried hard to keep ________ in face of the policeman，but the sweat on his forehead gave him away.A．silent B．stillC．calm

33、 D．quiet解析：考查形容詞辨析。句意：面對警察，他盡可能想保持鎮(zhèn)靜，但是額頭上的汗水使他暴露無遺。silent “沉默不語的”；still“一動不動的”；calm“(心情)平靜的，鎮(zhèn)靜的”；quiet“安靜的”。答案：C,8．(2013年福州模擬)He is ________ to finish the task all by himself.A．possible

34、 B．probableC．possibly D．likely解析：此空缺少的是形容詞，又因possible及probable的主語不能是具體的人或物，故選D。答案：D,9．________ no point in beating around the bush.Let's ________.A．

35、It's；come straight to the pointB．There's；come to the pointC．This is；get to the pointD．That is；reach the point解析：There is no point in doing sth.意為“做某事是沒有意義的”，beat around the bush意為“拐彎抹角；兜圈子”，第一個空應(yīng)選There's；

36、come to the point意為“開門見山；談?wù)}”，所以答案為B項。句意：拐彎抹角沒意思，咱們說正事吧。答案：B,10．To everyone's surprise，Michael claimed ________ all his assignments.A．having finished B．to be finishingC．to have finished

37、 D．that to finish解析：句意：令每個人都感到吃驚的是，米歇爾聲稱已做完所有的工作。claim后接that從句或不定式，不能接v.­ing形式。本題D項that之后應(yīng)為句子，不應(yīng)是不定式。B項to be finishing意為“正在完成”，不符合題意。故選C。答案：C,11．(2013年臨沂模擬)________ the interview in Boston lasted so long，

38、I missed my flight to New York.A．Due to B．So long asC．As D．Despite解析：句意：由于在波士頓的訪問持續(xù)那么久，我錯過了去紐約的航班。due to“因為，由于”，其后不能跟句子；so long as“只要”；a

39、s “因為，由于”，可引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句；despite“盡管”。由句意可知選C。答案：C,12．(2013年東北三校聯(lián)考)Now more and more wild animals，such as pandas，tigers，________，so strict measures must ________ to protect them.A．a(chǎn)re dying out；be takenB．a(chǎn)re dying；takeC．a(chǎn)r

40、e dying away；takeD．a(chǎn)re dead；get解析：句意：現(xiàn)在越來越多的野生動物諸如熊貓、老虎瀕于滅絕，所以必須采取嚴(yán)厲的措施來保護它們。die out“滅絕”，在這里用進行時，表示將來的動作。take measures to do sth.“采取措施做某事”。答案：A,1．A third report came from Li Xiaohe，who was visiting the lake with his f

41、amily.又一次報道來自李小和，當(dāng)時他和家人正在湖邊游玩。[知識提煉]　a third“又一次”，而不是“第三次”。序數(shù)詞與a(n)連用時，不是表示順序，而是表示“又；還；再”等意義。[句式仿寫]　別緊張。如果第一次失敗了，你還可以再試一次。Don't_be_nervous.You_can_try_a_second_time_if_you_fail_the_first_time.,2．There have been re

42、ports of monsters in Lake Tianchi since the beginning of the last century，although no one has seen one close up.盡管沒有人近距離的看到過，但從上個世紀(jì)初開始就已經(jīng)有關(guān)于天池怪物的報道了。[知識提煉]　There be句型的現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)為There have been...多表示“已經(jīng)有……”。[句式仿寫]　在過去的十年中，

43、村子周圍已經(jīng)蓋了許多樓。There've_been_many_buildings_built_in_the_last_decades_around_the_village.,3．They say that the low­temperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.他們說，水溫這樣低的湖泊不可能生存有體形

44、如此巨大的動物。[知識提煉]　本句使用了be unlikely to do sth.這一結(jié)構(gòu)，表示不可能。[句式仿寫]　他病得如此嚴(yán)重以至于他不可能參加這個晚會。He_is_so_seriously_ill_that_it's_unlikely_that_he_will_attend_the_party.,4．If you can adapt to something，you can change in order to

45、make the situation better.如果你能適應(yīng)某事，你就能為了環(huán)境的更加美好而改變。[知識提煉]　in order to表目的，后跟不定式形式。[句式仿寫]　為了謀生，那孩子小小年紀(jì)就賣報紙。The_boy_sold_newspapers_at_an_early_age_in_order_to_make_a_living.,1．He claims to have seen a round black creatu

46、re moving quickly through the water.他聲稱看見一個黑黑的、圓圓的動物在水中快速游動。本句為簡單句。to have seen...不定式作賓語，to have seen是動詞不定式的完成式，表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞claim之前，moving quickly...為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作賓補。,①He pretended to have finished his homework in order to go

47、out to play.為了能出去玩，他假裝已經(jīng)完成了他的作業(yè)。②He pretended to be sleeping when his father came in.當(dāng)爸爸進來時，他假裝正在睡覺。③Scientists claimed to have found the evidence of water on the moon.科學(xué)家們聲稱找到了月球上有水的證據(jù)。④They seem/appear to have kn

48、own the fact.(＝It seems/appears that they have known the fact.)他們好像已經(jīng)知道了真相。,2．Other members of the royal family were allowed to wear dragon symbols，too，but with fewer claws and of a different colour.此處but with fewer cl

49、aws and of a different colour是對dragon symbols的進一步解釋說明，它相當(dāng)于一個句子，即：but they are with fewer claws and of a different colour。由此可見of a different colour起到了形容詞的作用。of a different colour是“be of＋名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示主語“類屬或?qū)傩浴薄＂賂wo of his grea

50、test films，City Lights and Modern Times，were of this kind.他的兩部最成功的電影——《城市之光》和《摩登時代》都屬于這一類。②The two pairs of shoes he bought yesterday are (of) the same colour.他昨天買的兩雙鞋子顏色一樣。,結(jié)構(gòu)中的抽象名詞前可以用great，no，little，some，any，not mu

51、ch等修飾，以表示不同程度。,1．She is believed ________ the train，otherwise she would have arrived here by now.A．to miss　　　　　 　　　B．to have missedC．to be missed D．to be missing解析：考查非謂語動詞。be believed to

52、do sth.表示“被認為做了某事”，此處表示“錯過火車”這件事已經(jīng)發(fā)生，故用不定式的完成式。答案：B,2．(2013年安徽質(zhì)檢)I'd rather read than watch TV.The programs seem ________ all the time.A．to get worse B．to be getting worseC．getting w

53、orse D．to have got worse解析：句意：我寧可讀書也不愿意看電視，電視節(jié)目似乎變得越來越差了。首先，seem to do為固定搭配；其次，根據(jù)all the time可知用to be doing表示“正在進行”。答案：B,3．The information，which she thought ________，was ________ to me.A．n

54、o value；very usefulB．of no valuable；very usefulC．no valuable；of great useD．of no value；of great use解析：句意：她認為沒有價值的信息對我來說卻是很有用的。第一個空作thought的賓語補足語，用not valuable或of no value；第二個空作表語，用very useful或of great use。故答案為D。答案：D

55、,4．(2012年高考遼寧卷)This machine is very easy ________.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.A．operating B．to be operatingC．operated D．to operate解析：句意：這臺機器操作

56、起來很容易。任何人在幾分鐘之內(nèi)就能學(xué)會使用它?？疾榉侵^語動詞?！癰e＋表示難易好壞等的形容詞”后需用不定式的主動形式表示被動意義。故答案為D。答案：D,5．(2012年高考重慶卷)We're having a meeting in half an hour.The decision ________ at the meeting will influence the future of our company.A．to be

57、 made B．being madeC．made D．having been made解析：句意：我們半個小時以后開會。在會上做出的決定將會影響我們公司的未來?？疾榉侵^語動詞作定語的用法。首先排除D項，因為having been done不能作后置定語；根據(jù)題干中in half an ho