普外科實(shí)習(xí)護(hù)士科試試題

1、AccdingtoOfficePartyofmasslineeducationpracticeactivitiesledgroupofunifiedarrangementsunitsmainledtofcadreswkersShangatimespartylectureduetohimselflevellimitedonlyputthisstageconcentratedlearningofexperiencetodayeveryone

2、commonwithlearningexchangepurposeisletwefurtherdeepunderstingmasslineofconnotationinsistedpartyofmasslinedomasseswkfollowingmainfromfouraaspectstold:afullawarenesspartyofmasslineeducationpracticeactivitiesofmajmeaningPar

3、tys18majdistinctproposedtofocusonthepartysadvancednaturepurityinthepartywith“pragmaticcleanfthepeople“asthemaincontentofthepartysmasslineeducationalpractice.ThisiscomradeXIJinpingaspartyGeneralSecretaryadheretostrictlyad

4、ministeringthepartystrengthenthepartysmajdecisionisinlinewiththepublicexpectationsstrengtheningtheconstructionoflearningientedserviceinnovationofMarxistpartysmajdeploymentistheimptantmeasuretoadvancethegreatcauseofsocial

5、ismwithChineseacteristics.Firstcarryoutthepartysmasslineineducationpracticewascarrying18ofthepartyspiritsummonapowerfulfcefrealizingthegreatrejuvenationoftheChinesenationtheChinesedreamofurgentneeds.Partys18topromotestra

6、tegicdeploymenttobuildingsocialismwithChineseacteristicspresentstwo100yeargoalnamelyby2020Chinasgrossdomesticproductpercapitaincomeofurbanruralresidentsin2010onthebasisofdoublecompletethebuildingofawelloffsocietythedleof

7、thiscenturyintoaprosperousdemocraticcivilizedharmoniousSocialistmoderncountryonthisbasistheChinesedreamofrealizingthegreatrejuvenationoftheChinesenation.18CongressofthepartyComradeXIJinpingrepeatedlyexpoundedtheChinesedr

8、eam.ThebasicconnotationoftheChinesedreamisthenationalprosperitynationalrevitalizationthehappinessofthepeopleChinaimptanttofollowistokeepChinaRoadcarryfwardthespiritcohesionstrengthofChinadreamdreamsofthepeopleofChinabutd

9、eterminedconfidenceenhanceselfawarenessachieveselfreliancetobuildastrongerChinacivilizationharmonybeautyChinaChinaChina.StrategicconceptionofChinawas18thespiritoftheenrichmentdevelopmentofthepartyconscientiouslystudytheC

10、hinesedreamleadingpeopletohardtorealizetheChinesedreammasseducationactivitiesindepththefundamentalstartingpointendingpoint.Strengthentheeducationofthepartysmasslinehelpstotrainthecollectiveconsciousnessoftheunityofthepar

11、tythepeopleplayingtheChinesedreamideologicalbases.ComradeMaoZedongstressedthatpartiesshouldhave“commonlanguage“socialistcountriesmusthave“unityofwill“.Histyhasprovedthatapeopleanationifitdoesnothaveitsownspiritualpillart

12、hereisnounityofspiritualsupptitmeansthatnosoulwilllosecohesionvitality.FigurativelyspeakingasackofpotatoesquantitycannotbetooateamfmajointfceonlylikegranitesocloselyUnitedtofminvinciblenodifficultmeansofstrength.National

13、rejuvenationofChinesedreamnotonlyembodiesthecommoninterestspursuitscoversavarietyofgroupsclasseshasawideapplicabilityinclusivewithastrongintegratingfceleadthefce.SheembodiestheaspirationsofseveralgenerationsofChineserefl

14、ectingtoday...Intosexpuritytheinevitablerequirementofconstantlyimprovingthepartysgoverningcapacity.Strengtheningtheconstructionoftheadvancednaturepuritytheceproblemisalwaysmaintainingthepartysfleshbloodtieswiththemassess

15、othatourpartywillalwaysbethemostwholeheartedsupptofthemasses.Musttakethefundamentalinterestsoftheoverwhelmingmajityofthepeopleasthepartyallthestartingpointendingpointthepartyhasalwaysbeenacommonfatewiththemassesthisisthe

16、magicweaponfourpartytoalwaysmaintaintheadvancednaturepurity.Strengtheningtheconstructionofpartysadvancednaturepurityenhancingthepartysrulingabilitywilleventuallybeimplementedtorealizesafeguarddevelopthefundamentalinteres

17、tsoftheoverwhelmingmajityofthepeople.Allthewkmeritsthisisameasureofthepartysfundamentalstardsisameasureofthepartysadvancednaturepuritystards.Believewhodependingonwhowhostingonthepositionoftheoverwhelmingmajityofthepeople

18、arealwaysalwaysrealizesafeguarddevelopthefundamentalinterestsoftheoverwhelmingmajityofthepeopleitisatouchstoneoftheMarxistpartyofjudgementisalsosignofMarxistpartyisdifferentfromotherpoliticalparties.Marxistpoliticalparty

19、hasaclearpoliticalpositionhisticalmission:ftheinterestsofthevastmajityofpeoplecommittedtothefundamentalinterestsoftheoverwhelmingmajityofthepeople.FromthedayoftheestablishmentoftheChineseCommunistPartyalwaysadheretobasic

20、principlesofhisticalmaterialismftheinterestsofthemostpeopleastheirgoalalwaysservingasitsfundamentalpurposevalues.Fullytrustthemassescloselyrelyonthemassesmaintainfleshbloodtieswiththemassesisalwaysthesourceofourpartyfull

21、ofvigvitalityisalwaysthemostdeterminedinthedevelopmentofourpartyourcountry.Conscientiouslyacceptsupervisionbythemassespayattentiontolistentothemassesassessmentwhichitselfwasthepartysadvancednaturepurityintopracticalactio

22、ntorealizethefundamentalinterestsoftheoverwhelmingmajityofthepeople.AtpresentthepartycommitteesleadingcadrestheGovernmentgenerallyvaluethecloserelationswiththemassesdoalotofproductivewkbuttherearestillsome普外科實(shí)習(xí)護(hù)士入科考試試題普外

23、科實(shí)習(xí)護(hù)士入科考試試題姓名年月日一、簡(jiǎn)述三查、七對(duì)內(nèi)容一、簡(jiǎn)述三查、七對(duì)內(nèi)容答：三查：操作前查，操作中查，操作后查。七對(duì)：床號(hào)，姓名，藥名，劑量，濃度，時(shí)間和用法。一注意：注意用藥后反應(yīng)。二、簡(jiǎn)述青霉素皮試配制方法二、簡(jiǎn)述青霉素皮試配制方法答：配置方法：1、取青霉素鈉80萬(wàn)單位加溶媒4ml，溶解混勻，溶解濃度為20萬(wàn)單位ml；2、用1ml注射器抽取前液0.1ml，加溶媒0.9ml，搖勻，溶液濃度2萬(wàn)單位ml；3、抽取前液0.1ml，加溶

24、媒0.9ml，混勻，溶液濃度為2000單位ml；4、抽取前液0.1ml（或0.25ml），加溶液0.9ml（或0.75ml）搖勻，溶液濃度為200單位ml（或500單位ml）。三、氧濃度計(jì)算公式三、氧濃度計(jì)算公式答：吸氧濃度%＝214氧流量（升分鐘）四、大量不保留灌腸注意事項(xiàng)：四、大量不保留灌腸注意事項(xiàng)：答：1、灌腸中途如有腹脹或便意時(shí)，矚作深呼吸，灌腸完畢不要立即排便，要使液體保留5—10分鐘以上。注意少暴露病人，防止著涼。2、掌握溶

25、液的溫度、濃度、流速，壓力和溶液的量。遇傷寒病員灌腸，溶液不得超過(guò)500毫升，壓力要低（液面不得超過(guò)肛門30厘米）3、如為降溫灌腸，可用28—32度等滲鹽水，保留30分鐘后再排出，排便后隔半小時(shí)再測(cè)量體溫并作好記錄。4、肝昏迷病員禁用肥皂水灌腸，以減少氨的產(chǎn)生和吸收。5、灌腸過(guò)程中隨時(shí)注意觀察病情，發(fā)現(xiàn)脈速、面色蒼白、出冷汗、劇烈腹痛、心慌氣急，立即停止灌腸，并和醫(yī)生聯(lián)系。五、氣管切開(kāi)護(hù)理：五、氣管切開(kāi)護(hù)理：答：1、體位保持頭頸部伸展位

26、，保證氣管的居中位置，防止套管移動(dòng)，閉塞脫出，造成窒息。2、呼吸道濕化做好呼吸道濕化有利于稀釋痰液，保持呼吸道通暢，濕化液配置：鹽水20ML，慶大80萬(wàn)單位，糜蛋白酶5MG，每隔2小時(shí)交替隨氣管套管壁緩緩滴入3~5ml彎針頭可進(jìn)行多方位滴藥，便于掌握滴速，應(yīng)用比較方便，也可用超聲—化吸入的方法進(jìn)行呼吸道濕化。3.氣管套管護(hù)理嚴(yán)格的套管清潔消毒是防止并發(fā)癥的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。以往內(nèi)套管消毒是用煮沸法，費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)力是其缺點(diǎn)，我們采用浸泡法，用2%戊二醛

27、器械液浸泡，每次浸泡5~10min，一般每隔4h取出內(nèi)套管清洗一次，從消毒液中取出套管后先用生理鹽水沖洗，再用無(wú)菌紗布擦干，然后插入外套管，管口用雙層濕紗布遮蓋，換下的套管刷凈擦干，放入消毒液中浸泡備用，消毒液每周更換一次。4.氣管內(nèi)痰戴無(wú)菌手套，先用手指緊捏吸引皮管以阻斷負(fù)壓，將吸痰管經(jīng)氣管套管迅速輕巧地送入氣道深部，刺激病人咳嗽反射，使下部氣道分泌物咳至主氣管內(nèi)，然后開(kāi)放負(fù)壓，左右旋轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)管，邊吸引邊向上提，一次抽出痰液，切忌上下多次

28、長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的抽動(dòng)，以免造成缺氧，一般單次吸引時(shí)間不宜超過(guò)10秒鐘，如痰粘稠密不宜咳出，可在吸引前先用簡(jiǎn)易呼吸囊加強(qiáng)供氧，由氣管內(nèi)滴入少許稀釋液，再持續(xù)加壓通氣，使滴入的液體深入到下部氣道中，以稀釋痰液，利于痰液排出。5.每隔3小時(shí)將氣囊放氣1次，若使用雙氣囊套管者，應(yīng)定時(shí)交替充氣放氣，防止氣管黏膜受壓過(guò)久而造成損傷，使用單氣囊者，每3小時(shí)放氣1次。6.吸痰導(dǎo)管的處理吸痰管應(yīng)預(yù)先高壓消毒1~2盤備用，或?qū)⑶鍧嵏稍锏奈倒芊廊?%戊二醛內(nèi)浸泡5

29、~10分鐘，也可達(dá)到消毒目的。7.切口處理每日換藥2次，拔出套管后用凡士林紗布覆蓋，傷口多在1周內(nèi)愈合。8.拔出氣管套管患者原發(fā)病已愈，自主呼吸良好，咳嗽反射正常，即可考慮拔除氣管套管，先用膠布部分遮蓋套管管口，若無(wú)呼吸困難，逐漸增大覆蓋面積，當(dāng)完全遮蓋套管管口24小時(shí)，觀察沒(méi)有呼吸困難，血AccdingtoOfficePartyofmasslineeducationpracticeactivitiesledgroupofunified

30、arrangementsunitsmainledtofcadreswkersShangatimespartylectureduetohimselflevellimitedonlyputthisstageconcentratedlearningofexperiencetodayeveryonecommonwithlearningexchangepurposeisletwefurtherdeepunderstingmasslineofcon

31、notationinsistedpartyofmasslinedomasseswkfollowingmainfromfouraaspectstold:afullawarenesspartyofmasslineeducationpracticeactivitiesofmajmeaningPartys18majdistinctproposedtofocusonthepartysadvancednaturepurityinthepartywi

32、th“pragmaticcleanfthepeople“asthemaincontentofthepartysmasslineeducationalpractice.ThisiscomradeXIJinpingaspartyGeneralSecretaryadheretostrictlyadministeringthepartystrengthenthepartysmajdecisionisinlinewiththepublicexpe

33、ctationsstrengtheningtheconstructionoflearningientedserviceinnovationofMarxistpartysmajdeploymentistheimptantmeasuretoadvancethegreatcauseofsocialismwithChineseacteristics.Firstcarryoutthepartysmasslineineducationpractic

34、ewascarrying18ofthepartyspiritsummonapowerfulfcefrealizingthegreatrejuvenationoftheChinesenationtheChinesedreamofurgentneeds.Partys18topromotestrategicdeploymenttobuildingsocialismwithChineseacteristicspresentstwo100year

35、goalnamelyby2020Chinasgrossdomesticproductpercapitaincomeofurbanruralresidentsin2010onthebasisofdoublecompletethebuildingofawelloffsocietythedleofthiscenturyintoaprosperousdemocraticcivilizedharmoniousSocialistmoderncoun

36、tryonthisbasistheChinesedreamofrealizingthegreatrejuvenationoftheChinesenation.18CongressofthepartyComradeXIJinpingrepeatedlyexpoundedtheChinesedream.ThebasicconnotationoftheChinesedreamisthenationalprosperitynationalrev

37、italizationthehappinessofthepeopleChinaimptanttofollowistokeepChinaRoadcarryfwardthespiritcohesionstrengthofChinadreamdreamsofthepeopleofChinabutdeterminedconfidenceenhanceselfawarenessachieveselfreliancetobuildastronger

38、ChinacivilizationharmonybeautyChinaChinaChina.StrategicconceptionofChinawas18thespiritoftheenrichmentdevelopmentofthepartyconscientiouslystudytheChinesedreamleadingpeopletohardtorealizetheChinesedreammasseducationactivit

39、iesindepththefundamentalstartingpointendingpoint.StrengthentheeducationofthepartysmasslinehelpstotrainthecollectiveconsciousnessoftheunityofthepartythepeopleplayingtheChinesedreamideologicalbases.ComradeMaoZedongstressed

40、thatpartiesshouldhave“commonlanguage“socialistcountriesmusthave“unityofwill“.Histyhasprovedthatapeopleanationifitdoesnothaveitsownspiritualpillarthereisnounityofspiritualsupptitmeansthatnosoulwilllosecohesionvitality.Fig

41、urativelyspeakingasackofpotatoesquantitycannotbetooateamfmajointfceonlylikegranitesocloselyUnitedtofminvinciblenodifficultmeansofstrength.NationalrejuvenationofChinesedreamnotonlyembodiesthecommoninterestspursuitscoversa

42、varietyofgroupsclasseshasawideapplicabilityinclusivewithastrongintegratingfceleadthefce.SheembodiestheaspirationsofseveralgenerationsofChinesereflectingtoday...Intosexpuritytheinevitablerequirementofconstantlyimprovingth

43、epartysgoverningcapacity.Strengtheningtheconstructionoftheadvancednaturepuritytheceproblemisalwaysmaintainingthepartysfleshbloodtieswiththemassessothatourpartywillalwaysbethemostwholeheartedsupptofthemasses.Musttakethefu

44、ndamentalinterestsoftheoverwhelmingmajityofthepeopleasthepartyallthestartingpointendingpointthepartyhasalwaysbeenacommonfatewiththemassesthisisthemagicweaponfourpartytoalwaysmaintaintheadvancednaturepurity.Strengtheningt

45、heconstructionofpartysadvancednaturepurityenhancingthepartysrulingabilitywilleventuallybeimplementedtorealizesafeguarddevelopthefundamentalinterestsoftheoverwhelmingmajityofthepeople.Allthewkmeritsthisisameasureofthepart

46、ysfundamentalstardsisameasureofthepartysadvancednaturepuritystards.Believewhodependingonwhowhostingonthepositionoftheoverwhelmingmajityofthepeoplearealwaysalwaysrealizesafeguarddevelopthefundamentalinterestsoftheoverwhel

47、mingmajityofthepeopleitisatouchstoneoftheMarxistpartyofjudgementisalsosignofMarxistpartyisdifferentfromotherpoliticalparties.Marxistpoliticalpartyhasaclearpoliticalpositionhisticalmission:ftheinterestsofthevastmajityofpe

48、oplecommittedtothefundamentalinterestsoftheoverwhelmingmajityofthepeople.FromthedayoftheestablishmentoftheChineseCommunistPartyalwaysadheretobasicprinciplesofhisticalmaterialismftheinterestsofthemostpeopleastheirgoalalwa

49、ysservingasitsfundamentalpurposevalues.Fullytrustthemassescloselyrelyonthemassesmaintainfleshbloodtieswiththemassesisalwaysthesourceofourpartyfullofvigvitalityisalwaysthemostdeterminedinthedevelopmentofourpartyourcountry

50、.Conscientiouslyacceptsupervisionbythemassespayattentiontolistentothemassesassessmentwhichitselfwasthepartysadvancednaturepurityintopracticalactiontorealizethefundamentalinterestsoftheoverwhelmingmajityofthepeople.Atpres

51、entthepartycommitteesleadingcadrestheGovernmentgenerallyvaluethecloserelationswiththemassesdoalotofproductivewkbuttherearestillsome2.脈搏的記錄⑴脈搏以紅點(diǎn)表示，連接曲線用紅色鉛筆繪制。⑵脈搏如與體溫標(biāo)志外畫一紅圈.如：“⊙”、“◎”、“⊙”。⑶短絀脈的測(cè)試為二人同時(shí)進(jìn)行，一人用聽(tīng)診器聽(tīng)心率，一人測(cè)脈搏。心

52、率以紅圈“○”表示，脈搏以紅點(diǎn)“.”表示，并以紅線分別將“○”與“.”連接。在心率和脈搏兩曲線之間用紅色鉛筆畫斜線構(gòu)成圖像。3.呼吸的記錄：呼吸的繪制藝術(shù)字表示，相鄰的兩次呼吸數(shù)用藍(lán)色鉛筆上下錯(cuò)開(kāi)填寫在“呼吸數(shù)”項(xiàng)的相應(yīng)時(shí)間縱列內(nèi)。4.大便的記錄：⑴應(yīng)在3pm測(cè)試體溫時(shí)詢問(wèn)病人24小時(shí)內(nèi)大便次數(shù)，并用藍(lán)色鉛筆填寫。⑵大便失禁者，用“”字表示。⑶3天以內(nèi)無(wú)大便者，結(jié)合臨床酌情處理。處理后大便次數(shù)記錄在體溫單內(nèi)。⑷灌腸一次后大便一次，應(yīng)在當(dāng)

53、日大便次數(shù)欄內(nèi)寫1E大便二次寫2E，無(wú)大便寫0E。灌腸后大便無(wú)次數(shù)用E表示，三次灌腸后大便2次用23E表示。(三）其他內(nèi)容記錄1.出量（尿量、痰量、引流量、嘔吐量)、入量記錄：按醫(yī)囑及病情需要如實(shí)填寫24小時(shí)總量。2.血壓、體重的記錄：血壓、體重應(yīng)按醫(yī)囑或者護(hù)理常規(guī)測(cè)量并記錄，每周至少一次，入院當(dāng)天應(yīng)有血壓、體重的記錄。入院時(shí)或住院期間因病情不能測(cè)體重時(shí)，分別用“平車”或“臥床”表示。（四）體溫單格式見(jiàn)附件1三、簡(jiǎn)述分級(jí)護(hù)理要點(diǎn)三、簡(jiǎn)述

54、分級(jí)護(hù)理要點(diǎn)答：特別護(hù)理：1.設(shè)立專人24小時(shí)護(hù)理，嚴(yán)密觀察病情及生命體征。2.制定護(hù)理計(jì)劃，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行各項(xiàng)診療及護(hù)理措施，及時(shí)準(zhǔn)確填寫特別護(hù)理記錄單。3.備齊急救藥品和器材，以便隨時(shí)急用。4.認(rèn)真細(xì)致做好各項(xiàng)基礎(chǔ)護(hù)理，嚴(yán)防并發(fā)癥，確保病人安全。一級(jí)護(hù)理：1.每15—30分鐘巡視病人一次，觀察病情及生命體征。2.制定護(hù)理計(jì)劃，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行各項(xiàng)診療及護(hù)理措施，及時(shí)填寫特別護(hù)理記錄單。3.按需準(zhǔn)備搶救藥品和器材。4.認(rèn)真細(xì)致做好各項(xiàng)基礎(chǔ)護(hù)理，嚴(yán)防

55、并發(fā)癥，滿足病人身心兩方面的需要。二級(jí)護(hù)理：1.每1—2小時(shí)巡視病人一次，觀察病情。2.按護(hù)理常規(guī)護(hù)理。3.生活上給予必要的協(xié)助，了解病人病情動(dòng)態(tài)，滿足身心兩方面的需要。三級(jí)護(hù)理：1.每日2次巡視病人，觀察病情。2.按護(hù)理常規(guī)護(hù)理。3.給予衛(wèi)生保健指導(dǎo)，督促病人遵守院規(guī)，了解病人的病情動(dòng)態(tài)及心態(tài)，滿足其身心兩方面的需要。四、簡(jiǎn)述低流量、中流量、高流量吸氧的濃度，用氧最大安全值四、簡(jiǎn)述低流量、中流量、高流量吸氧的濃度，用氧最大安全值答：低