常用英語基礎知識

1、一、一個星期七天SundayMondayTuesdayWednesdayThursdayFridaySaturday二、一年十二個月JanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember三、一年四季1.spring2.summer3.autumn4.winter四、容易拼寫錯的數(shù)字1.eighth第八2.ninth第九3.fty四十4.twel

2、fth第十二5.twentieth第二十四、親屬稱呼1.daughter(女兒)2.niece(女性晚輩)3.nephew(男性晚輩)4.cousin(同輩兄弟姐妹)5.aunt(女性長輩)6.uncle(男性長輩)五、以下動詞加ed或ing要雙寫最后一個字母1.regret(regrettedregretting)后悔2.control(controlledcontrolling)控制3.admit(admittedadmitting

3、)承認4.occur(occurredoccurring)出現(xiàn)5.prefer(preferredpreferring)寧愿6.refer(referredreferring)提到7.fget(fgetting)忘記8.permit(permittedpermitting)允許9.equip(equippedequipping)裝備注意：quarrelsignaltravel中的l可雙寫（英國英語）也可不雙寫（美國英語）六、部分過去式和

4、過去分詞不規(guī)則變化的動詞1.broadcast(broadcastbroadcast)廣播2.flee(fledfled)逃跑3.fbid(fbadefbidden)禁止4.fgive(fgavefgiven)原諒5.freeze(frozefrozen)結(jié)冰6.hang(作“絞死”講，是規(guī)則的；作“懸掛”講，其過去式過去分詞都是hung)7.lie–lied–lied說謊lie—laylain躺下laylaidlaid放置8.seek

5、(soughtsought)尋求9.shake(shookshaken)發(fā)抖10.sing(sangsung)唱歌11.sink(sanksunksunken)下沉12.spread(spreadspread)傳播13.swim(swamswum)游泳14.tear(tetn)撕碎16.wear(wewn)穿戴17.hold(heldheld)18.make(mademade)19.keep(keptkept)七、意思相近的詞1.che

6、ck（核對）examine(檢查)test（測試）2.receive（收到）accept（接受）3.destroy（毀壞；毀滅）damage（破壞）4.celebrate(慶祝)congratulate（祝賀）5.wearsthdresssb穿衣八、注意形容詞變名詞時的拼寫變化1.long—length長度2.wide—width寬度3.high—height高度4.strong—strength力量九、以ic結(jié)尾的動詞，應先把ic變?yōu)?/p>

7、ick，再加ing或ed1.picnic(picnickedpicnicking)野餐十、個別名詞的復數(shù)拼寫1.German(Germans)德國人2.gulf(gulfs)海灣3.hkerchief(hkerchiefs)手帕roof44.century世紀45.challenge挑戰(zhàn)46.acter性格47.ge收費begeoftakegeof管理…48.comftv.&n.安慰comftable舒適的adj.comftablyad

8、v.舒適地50.comment評論51.communicate（vt）communication(n)交流52.competition競賽(competev.競賽competit競賽者)53.composition作文54.concert音樂會55.concludev.conclusionn.結(jié)論56.condition情況(conditions條件)57.concern關心(vt)58.congratulations祝賀(congra

9、tulatev.)59.constant不斷的constantly不斷地60.construction(建設)61.continue繼續(xù)62.contribution貢獻(contributev.)makecontributionsto對…做出貢獻63.convenient(adj.)方便的conveniently方便地64.conversation談話65.coughing咳嗽66.cousin表兄弟67.cruel的(adj.cru

10、elly殘酷地adv.)68.curious好奇的(curiosityn.好奇)69.culture（cultural文化的adj.）70.customer顧客72.custom習俗73.destroy毀滅(其過去式是destroyed)74.declare宣稱75.delicious美味76.damage損壞77.determined有決心的bedeterminedtodosth決心做某事78.develop發(fā)展(developmen

11、tn.developing發(fā)展中的，developed發(fā)達的)79.dialogue對話80.diary日記(dairy奶制品)81.difference不同點(復數(shù)differences)different不同的differently不同地differfrombedifferentfrommakedifferences82.disappointed失望的(disappointing讓人失望的)83.disappointment失望84

12、.discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)(復數(shù)discoveries，動詞discover，發(fā)現(xiàn)者discoverer)85.disturb打擾86.dollar美元(其復數(shù)是dollars)87.downstairs樓下upstairs樓上88.dream夢想(其過去式是dreamed或dreamt)89.electricity電(electrical電的，electric電的)90.employ雇用(employmentn.employer雇主，e

13、mployee雇員)91.empty倒空(可用動詞，其過去式是emptied)92.encourage鼓勵(encouragingencouragedencouragementn.)encouragesbtodosth鼓勵某人做某事93.energy能量94.envelope信封95.envyn.妒忌96.equal(平等的)equality平等97.equipment設備98.especially尤其是99.essential(重要的

14、)100.European歐洲人101.event事件107.expert專家102.excellent極好(excellencen.excellentlyadv.)104.exhibition展覽105.expense耗費expensive昂貴的106.experience經(jīng)驗經(jīng)歷(experienced有經(jīng)驗的)anunusualexperience一次不同尋常的經(jīng)歷havemuchexperience經(jīng)驗豐富108.express