高中英語(yǔ)虛擬語(yǔ)氣講解及練習(xí)和答案

1、虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬條件句就是對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)條件的一種虛擬假設(shè)，所假設(shè)的條件一般不符合事實(shí)或與事實(shí)相反或在現(xiàn)實(shí)中發(fā)生的可能性極小。根據(jù)時(shí)間的不同，虛擬條件句可分為三種，即與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句、與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句及與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句。具體情況請(qǐng)看下表：條件狀語(yǔ)從句主句與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反had過(guò)去分詞shouldwouldcouldmighthave過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反一般過(guò)去時(shí)(be用were)wouldshouldcouldmigh

2、t動(dòng)詞原形與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反一般過(guò)去時(shí)或should(wereto)動(dòng)詞原形wouldshouldcouldmight動(dòng)詞原形例句：（1）表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反IfIhadenoughmoneynowIwouldlendittoyou.（2）表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反Ifhehadtakenyouradvicehewouldn’thavemadesuchabadmistake.（3）表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反Iwouldgoshoppingwithyouifi

3、tweretobeSundaytomrow.1.虛擬條件句的倒裝在虛擬條件句中，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)所假設(shè)條件的虛擬性，或突出說(shuō)話人的一種主觀愿望，虛擬條件句可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。虛擬條件句的倒裝是通過(guò)去掉if，把條件從句謂語(yǔ)中的助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞放在句首實(shí)現(xiàn)的。例如：HadIbeen（=IfIhadbeen）inthatsituation，Iwouldnothaveletthethiefescapeawaywithsomuchmoney.Shoul

4、dtherebe（=Ifthereshouldbe）adrought，whatshouldwedoatthattime？2.錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句有時(shí)條件從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間并不一致，這時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)根據(jù)它所要表示的具體時(shí)間來(lái)確定。例如：Ifwehadn’tbeenwkinghardinthepastfewyears，thingswouldn’tbegoingsosmoothly.3.含蓄條件句有時(shí)假設(shè)的情況并不以條件從句的形式

5、表現(xiàn)出來(lái)，而是通過(guò)某個(gè)介詞或介詞短語(yǔ)（如：with，otherwise，without，butf，inthatposition）、上下文或其它方式表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。這種句子稱為含蓄條件句。例如：Butfthehelpfromyou，Iwouldnothavehadthechancetogotocollege.二、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在某些從句中的運(yùn)用在某些詞或短語(yǔ)后接的從句中要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示愿望、建議或命令等。根據(jù)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的形式不同，虛擬語(yǔ)氣可以分為“

6、should類”和“過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)類”。（一）should類這一類的虛擬語(yǔ)氣是通過(guò)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用“should動(dòng)詞原形”體現(xiàn)出來(lái)的，should可以省略。其具體運(yùn)用體現(xiàn)在：A.liesB.layC.hadlainD.shouldlie2.HowIwisheveryfamily____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhad3.Youdidnotletmedr

7、ive.Ifwe____inturnyou____sotiredA.drovedidn’tgetB.drovewouldn’tgetC.weredrivingwouldn’tgetD.haddrivenwouldn’thavegot4._____itraintomrowwewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridgeA.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will5.Isuggestedth

8、eperson_____tobeputintoprisonA.refersB.referringC.referredD.refer6.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwateritlooksasifit____A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken7.Iinsisted_____toseeadoctbutheinsistednothing___wrongwi

9、thhimA.onhimtogoshouldbeB.hewentbeC.hegowasD.heshouldtois8.YourauntinvitesyoutothemoviestodayIhadrathershe____metomrowthantodayA.tellsB.toldC.wouldtellD.hadtold9.WouldyouhavecalledheruphaditbeenpossibleYesbutI____busydoi

10、ngmyhomewkA.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe10.IwasillthatdayotherwiseI____thesptsmeetA.wouldhavetakenpartinB.tookpartinC.hadtakenpartinD.wouldtakepartin11.___thecloudsyouwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasilyA.HaditnotbeenfB.Ifi

11、twerenotC.IfithadnotbeenfD.Wereitnotf12.Ifmylawyer____herelastSundayhe____mefromgoingA.hadbeenwouldhavepreventedB.hadbeenwouldpreventC.werepreventD.werewouldhaveprevented13.____hardhewouldhavepassedtheexamA.IfheweretowkB