禾谷類作物(以冬小麥為例)的播種技術(shù)及播種質(zhì)量檢查1

1、目錄實(shí)習(xí)一禾谷類作物（以冬小麥為例）的播種技術(shù)及播種質(zhì)量檢查................................................1實(shí)習(xí)二主要大田作物的田間識(shí)別........................................................................................................3實(shí)習(xí)三小麥生育期間的苗情調(diào)查、田間診斷和管理

2、........................................................................6實(shí)習(xí)四冬小麥產(chǎn)量預(yù)測(cè)和成熟期考察（室內(nèi)考種）......................................................................18實(shí)習(xí)五玉米產(chǎn)量預(yù)測(cè)和室內(nèi)考種.......................................

3、...............................................................22實(shí)習(xí)六水稻育秧技術(shù)和秧苗診斷......................................................................................................24實(shí)習(xí)七水稻產(chǎn)量預(yù)測(cè)和室內(nèi)考種.......................

4、...............................................................................29實(shí)習(xí)八播種前棉籽質(zhì)量的檢驗(yàn)和處理..............................................................................................31實(shí)習(xí)九棉花播種技術(shù)和播種質(zhì)量檢查...........

5、...................................................................................34實(shí)習(xí)十棉花蕾期生育調(diào)查和田間診斷..............................................................................................36實(shí)習(xí)十一棉花產(chǎn)量預(yù)測(cè)和考種..........

6、....................................................................................................38實(shí)習(xí)十二薯類作物產(chǎn)量的估測(cè).........................................................................................................

7、.....41附：幾種主要農(nóng)作物調(diào)查記載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)..........................................................................................................42一、冬小麥調(diào)查記載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)...............................................................................

8、.......................................43二、玉米調(diào)查記載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)..........................................................................................................................45三、水稻調(diào)查記載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)...................................

9、.......................................................................................47四、棉花調(diào)查記載標(biāo)準(zhǔn).........................................................................................................................

10、.51五、棉花栽培試驗(yàn)常用的測(cè)定項(xiàng)目及方法..........................................................................................54六、花生調(diào)查記載標(biāo)準(zhǔn).................................................................................................

11、.........................572進(jìn)一步調(diào)整。（1）播種前調(diào)整把播種機(jī)行走輪架起，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)行走輪到一定轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)后停下，檢查播種管排種量與計(jì)劃播種量是否相符。反復(fù)做2~3次，直到調(diào)整達(dá)到相符時(shí)為止。然后把排種輪固定好。a轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)播種機(jī)行走輪時(shí)播種管應(yīng)排出種子的重量，可用下式計(jì)算：b用拖拉機(jī)牽引播種機(jī)走一定距離，把排種管排下的種子收集起來(lái)，用下列公式計(jì)算調(diào)整：每米行長(zhǎng)應(yīng)播的種子粒數(shù)＝〔計(jì)劃播種量（kghm2）每kg種子粒數(shù)行距（m

12、）〕10000（2）播種時(shí)調(diào)整由于整地質(zhì)量的關(guān)系，播種機(jī)工作時(shí)播種量有所變動(dòng)。要根據(jù)每米行長(zhǎng)實(shí)際落粒數(shù)進(jìn)一步調(diào)整播種機(jī)的排種量，以保證要求的基本苗數(shù)。（二）播種質(zhì)量的檢查（二）播種質(zhì)量的檢查無(wú)論機(jī)播還是耬播，都要進(jìn)行播種質(zhì)量檢查。主要檢查播種量多少、播種深度、覆土情況、有無(wú)漏播、重播，播種機(jī)的劃印器是否合適，行距是否符合要求等。對(duì)播種量的檢查，可在播種機(jī)走過(guò)之后，沿播種溝把覆土扒開(kāi)，量一定長(zhǎng)度，數(shù)一數(shù)落粒數(shù)，計(jì)算播種量是否合適，并測(cè)量播