thinking like an economist翻譯

1、Everyfieldofstudyhasitsownlanguageitsownwayofthinking.Mathematicianstalkaboutaxiomsintegralsvectspaces.Psychologiststalkaboutegoidcognitivedissonance.Lawyerstalkaboutvenuettspromissyestoppel.每個(gè)研究領(lǐng)域都有它自己的語言和思考方式。數(shù)學(xué)家談?wù)摱ɡ?、積

2、分以及向量空間。心理學(xué)家談?wù)撟晕?、本能、以及認(rèn)知的不一致性。律師談?wù)摲缸锏攸c(diǎn)、侵權(quán)行為以及約定的禁止翻供。Economicsisnodifferent.Supplydemelasticitycomparativeadvantageconsumersurplusdeadweightloss—thesetermsarepartoftheeconomist’slanguage.Inthecomingchaptersyouwillencount

3、ermanynewtermssomefamiliarwdsthateconomistsuseinspecializedways.Atfirstthisnewlanguagemayseemneedlesslyarcane.Butasyouwillseeitsvalueliesinitsabilitytoprovideyouanewusefulwayofthinkingaboutthewldinwhichyoulive.經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家也一樣。供給

4、、需求、彈性、比較優(yōu)勢(shì)、消費(fèi)剩余、最低損耗，這些術(shù)語是經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)語言的一部分。在接下來的章節(jié)里，你會(huì)遇到很多新術(shù)語以及一些熟悉的詞匯，這些術(shù)語和詞匯被經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們用在經(jīng)濟(jì)這一領(lǐng)域。起初，這些新的語言可能看起來不必要的神秘，但是，你會(huì)看到，他的價(jià)值在于他能提供給你一種新的和有用的思考方式，讓你思考你生活的世界。Economiststrytoaddresstheirsubjectwithascientist’sobjectivity.Theyap

5、proachthestudyoftheeconomyinmuchthesamewayasaphysicistapproachesthestudyofmatterabiologistapproachesthestudyoflife:Theydevisetheiescollectdatathenanalyzethesedatainanattempttoverifyrefutetheirtheies.經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們?cè)噲D從科學(xué)的角度來闡釋他們的學(xué)科

6、。他們演繹經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和物理學(xué)家演繹物質(zhì)、生物學(xué)家演繹生命一樣：他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)理論，收集數(shù)據(jù)，然后分析這些數(shù)據(jù)，試圖能夠證明或者反駁他們的理論。Tobeginnersitcanseemoddtoclaimthateconomicsisascience.Afteralleconomistsdonotwkwithtesttubestelescopes.Theessenceofsciencehoweveristhescientificmethod—the

7、dispassionatedevelopmenttestingoftheiesabouthowthewldwks.Thismethodofinquiryisasapplicabletostudyinganation’seconomyasitistostudyingtheearth’sgravityaspecies’evolution.AsAlbertEinsteinonceputit“Thewholeofscienceisnothing