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1、外文題目Theuseofincentivecontractingfirmreputation外文出處CpateReputationReview，2010（4）：P818外文作者DavidA.VolkmanKathHenebryAfinalissuefmanagerstounderstisthatallpeopledonotseethewldinthesamewaythattheyshouldattempttolookatitfromth

2、eiremployees’pointofview.RecognizingtheproblememployeeAproblememployeeneedstobeidentifiedassoonaspossiblesothatthecrectiveactioncanbetakenimmediatelywhenproblemsarestillmin.“Theproblememployeeisirritatingfrustratingembar

3、rassingtohismanager”[1p.3].Amanagerwhoignestheproblememployeewillpossiblyoverreactwhenhefinallytakesactionbecausethesituationisnolongeravoidable.Somecommontypesofproblememployeestolookfare:Peoplewhodonotshowupfwkcheatont

4、heirtime–thetimewastersthebathroomhidersthelunchlizards.Peoplewithbadattitudes–thebackstabberswedgedriversbusybodieswhounderminethebossThesepeoplecanalsobelistedas“thesniperthecomplainertheexplodertheknowitallthepassive”

5、[3].Regardlessofwhichlistyouusewhatyoucallthesepeopletheirbehaviourmustbeaddressedassoonaspossibleindertominimizetheirnegativeeffectonotherstheganization.ExpectancyExpectancytheytheyOneofthebesttheiestomotivateallemploye

6、esisexpectancythey.Thetheybasicallystatesthat“anindividualhasthehighestmotivationtoputfththegreatestefftifheshebelievestheefftwillleadtogoodperfmancethegoodperfmancewillleadtopreferredoutcomes”[4].Inthecaseofproblememplo

7、yeestheyhaveanegativeexpectancydoubtthatefftwillleadtoperfmancethatperfmancewillleadtooutcomes.Alsoproblememployeesmaynotlikewanttheoutcomesassociatedwithperfmance.ThenineCsasproposedbyWalterNewsomaprofessatMississippiSt

8、ateUniversityareausefulwayofusingtheexpectancytheyinapracticalmanner.ThesenineCsarequestionsthatasupervisshouldaskwhenaproblememployeeisdetected:Capability:“Doestheemployeehavethecapabilitytoperfmthejobwell”[4].Toooftenm

9、anagersassumethatpeoplehavethecapabilitytodothejobassignedtothemleavethemalone.Newemployeesespeciallyneedtobewatchedcarefullytoensurethattheyarenotflounderingbecausetheyarenewtothetask.Anactiverolebythesuperviswillbuildt

10、hecapabilityofthenewhireuntilthesuperviscantakeamepassiverole.Ifthisactiveroleisnottakenanewemployeemayquicklybecomeaproblememployeetakeupmuchmeofthesupervis’stimelaterincrectiveaction.Confidence:“Doestheemployeebelieveh

11、eshecanperfmthejobwell”[4]Confidenceistheperceptiononehasoftheirabilitydirectlyaffectscapability.Managerssometimesassumethatbecauseasubdinateknowshowtoperfmajobtheycandoitwhentheymaynothavetheconfidencetodoit.Managerscan

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