發(fā)展中國家1985-1998年工業(yè)制成品出口的技術(shù)【外文翻譯】

1、本科畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯本科畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯外文題目外文題目：TheTechnologicalStructurePerfmanceofDevelopingCountryManufacturedExpts1985–1998出處：處：OxfdDevelopmentStudiesVol.28No.32000作者：者：LallSanjaya原文：文：TheTechnologicalStructurePerfmanceofDevelopingCoun

2、tryManufacturedExpts1985–19981.TechnologyDevelopingCountries’ComparativeAdvantageWhatistheeconomicrationalefanalyzingthetechnologicalstructureofdevelopingcountryexptsThattechnologyplaysasignificantroleinthetradepatternso

3、fadvancedindustrialcountriesiswidelyaccepted.Whatneedsexplainingiswhyitisimptantindevelopingcountries.Mostconventionaltradetheyassumesthattechnologicalactivityplaysnoroleinthecomparativeadvantageofdevelopingcountriesthat

4、themaindeterminantsremainrelativefactendowments.Developingcountriesareassumedtobetechnologicalfollowersimptinginnovationsfromdevelopedcountriesusingthempassively.Internationaltechnologymarketsaretakentobeefficient:firmsi

5、ndevelopingcountriescanfindbuytransferthetechnologiestheyneedwithoutadditionalcost(apartfromthelegitimatepriceofthetechnologyequipment)efft.Meimptantlyoncetheyimptthetechnologytheycanuseitefficientlyagainwithoutextracost

6、efft.Thereisnodifferenceinotherwdsbetweencapacity(physicalplantequipmentblueprints)varyaccdingtonationalpoliciesftechnologicallearningtechnologyimpteveniftheyhavesimilar“endowments”oflabcapitalskills.Traditionaltheiesofc

7、omparativeadvantagemayberelevantincaseswheretheirassumptionsconfmtothespecificconditionsofcapabilitybuildingingivenindustrieslocationsnotasgeneralrules.FinstanceHeckscher–Ohlin(H–O)factpriceratioscanaffecttradepatternsin

8、activitiesinwhichtechnologicalconditionsapproximateperfectcompetitioni.e.noscaleeconomiesuniversallyavailabletechnologieseasylearning.Theseapplytosimplelabintensivetechnologieswheresmallfirmscanmakeundifferentiatedproduc

9、tseasilymasteringthetechnologiesinvolved:undertheseconditionsrelativewagedifferencespersebecomeanimptantcompetitivefact.HoweverthisrepresentsoneendofthetechnologicalspectrumitdoesnotmeanthatH–Oassumptionsaregeneralizable

10、acrosstheindustrialsect.Therearetwootherimptantpointsonexptstructures.Firstdifferentexptstructureshavedifferentimplicationsfgrowtheffectsondomesticindustrialdevelopment.Technologyintensivestructuresofferbetterprospectsff

11、uturegrowthbecausetheirproductstendtogrowfasterintrade:theytendtobehighlyincomeelasticcreatenewdemsubstitutefasterfolderproducts.Thisiswhyhightechnologyindustrieswithinindustrialsemiindustrialcountriesaregrowingfastertha

12、notherindustries.Theyalsohavegreaterpotentialffurtherlearningbecausetheyoffermescopefapplyingnewscientificknowledge.Theyhavelargerspillovereffectsintermsofcreatingnewskillsgenericknowledgethatcanbeusedinotheractivities(G