課程設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)--中壓蒸汽凝液罐

1、<p>　　遼 寧 石 油 化 工 大 學(xué)</p><p>　　過(guò)程裝備與控制工程專業(yè)</p><p><b>　　過(guò)程設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)</b></p><p><b>　　課程設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)</b></p><p>　　題目: 中壓蒸汽凝液罐 </p>&l

2、t;p>　　學(xué) 院:機(jī)械工程學(xué)院 </p><p>　　班 級(jí):裝備1205班 </p><p>　　姓 名:李神煒 </p><p>　　學(xué) 號(hào):1202010505 </p><p>　　2015 年 12 月</p><p><b>　　目錄</b>&

3、lt;/p><p>　　設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書(shū)································&

4、#183;·················1</p><p>　　符號(hào)說(shuō)明··············&

5、#183;····································

6、;·2</p><p>　　設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算·······························

7、;·····················6</p><p>　　1參數(shù)選取··········

8、3;····································&#

9、183;··6</p><p>　　1.1設(shè)計(jì)壓力與計(jì)算壓力的確定···························

10、83;····6</p><p>　　1.2設(shè)計(jì)溫度的確定··························

11、83;···············6</p><p>　　1.3厚度附加量················

12、;······························6</p><p>　　1.3.1厚度負(fù)偏差·

13、;····································

14、83;····6</p><p>　　1.3.2腐蝕裕量··························

15、3;·················6</p><p>　　1.4焊接接頭系數(shù)··············

16、;······························6</p><p>　　2筒體··

17、····································

18、3;···············7</p><p>　　2.1筒體材料················&

19、#183;·······························7</p><p>　　2.2筒體

20、許用應(yīng)力····································

21、········7</p><p>　　2.3筒體厚度·······················

22、83;························7</p><p>　　2.3.1筒體計(jì)算厚度······&#

23、183;·································7</p><p

24、>　　2.3.2筒體設(shè)計(jì)厚度··································

25、;······7</p><p>　　2.3.3筒體名義厚度························

26、3;···············7</p><p>　　2.3.4筒體有效厚度···············

27、83;························7</p><p>　　2.4筒體厚度水壓試驗(yàn)校核······

28、······························7</p><p>　　2.4.1耐壓試驗(yàn)壓力·

29、;····································

30、83;··7</p><p>　　2.4.2筒體薄膜應(yīng)力····························&#

31、183;···········8</p><p>　　2.4.3耐壓試驗(yàn)時(shí)容器強(qiáng)度校核··················&#

32、183;···········8</p><p>　　3封頭····················

33、83;·································8</p><p&

34、gt;　　3.1封頭選型··································

35、3;·············8</p><p>　　3.2封頭厚度··················&

36、#183;·····························8</p><p>　　3.3封頭厚度水壓試驗(yàn)校核

37、3;···································8</p&

38、gt;<p>　　3.3.1封頭設(shè)計(jì)厚度································&

39、#183;·······9</p><p>　　3.3.2封頭名義厚度·······················

40、·················9</p><p>　　3.3.3筒體有效厚度··············

41、;··························9</p><p>　　3.4封頭厚度水壓試驗(yàn)校核····&#

42、183;·······························9</p><p>　　3.4.1耐

43、壓試驗(yàn)壓力····································

44、;····9</p><p>　　3.4.2封頭薄膜應(yīng)力··························

45、3;·············9</p><p>　　3.4.3耐壓試驗(yàn)時(shí)封頭強(qiáng)度校核················

46、3;·············9</p><p>　　4附件選擇··················

47、83;·······························10</p><p>　　4.1支座&

48、#183;····································

49、;···············10</p><p>　　4.2法蘭················

50、83;···································10</

51、p><p>　　4.3墊片·································

52、;···················10</p><p>　　4.4加強(qiáng)圈············&#

53、183;····································

54、·10</p><p>　　4.5補(bǔ)強(qiáng)圈······························

55、83;···················10</p><p>　　4.5.1補(bǔ)強(qiáng)判別···········

56、83;································10</p><p>　　

57、4.5.2補(bǔ)強(qiáng)計(jì)算方法判別··································

58、83;·10</p><p>　　4.5.3開(kāi)孔所需補(bǔ)強(qiáng)面積·····························

59、;·······11</p><p>　　4.5.3.1封頭計(jì)算厚度·······················&

60、#183;··············11</p><p>　　4.5.3.2開(kāi)孔所需補(bǔ)強(qiáng)面積···············&

61、#183;··················11</p><p>　　4.5.4有效補(bǔ)強(qiáng)范圍············

62、;····························11</p><p>　　4.5.4.1有效寬度B··&#

63、183;····································

64、··11</p><p>　　4.5.4.2有效高度····························

65、3;·············11</p><p>　　4.5.5有效補(bǔ)強(qiáng)面積·················&#

66、183;······················12</p><p>　　4.5.5.1封頭多余金屬面積·······&#

67、183;··························12</p><p>　　4.5.5.2接管多余金屬面積···&#

68、183;······························12</p><p>　　4.5.5.3接管區(qū)焊

69、縫面積····································1

70、2</p><p>　　4.5.5.4有效補(bǔ)強(qiáng)面積······························

71、83;·······12</p><p>　　4.5.6所需另行補(bǔ)強(qiáng)面積·······················

72、;·············12</p><p>　　4.5.7補(bǔ)強(qiáng)圈設(shè)計(jì)·················

73、3;························13</p><p>　　5儲(chǔ)罐支座反力計(jì)算······

74、3;···································13</p

75、><p>　　5.1儲(chǔ)罐質(zhì)量································

76、3;···············13</p><p>　　5.1.1筒體質(zhì)量···············

77、3;····························13</p><p>　　5.1.2封頭質(zhì)量··

78、3;····································&#

79、183;····13</p><p>　　5.1.3附件質(zhì)量··························&#

80、183;·················14</p><p>　　5.1.4充氣、液質(zhì)量·············

81、···························14</p><p>　　5.1.5保溫層質(zhì)量····

82、;····································

83、83;·14</p><p>　　5.1.6總質(zhì)量·····························

84、3;················14</p><p>　　5.1.6.1操作時(shí)質(zhì)量··············&

85、#183;·························14</p><p>　　5.1.6.2壓力實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)質(zhì)量····&#

86、183;·······························14</p><p>　　5.2支座

87、反力····································&#

88、183;···········14</p><p>　　5.2.1操作時(shí)反力···················&

89、#183;······················14</p><p>　　5.2.2壓力實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)反力·······

90、3;······························15</p><p>　　5.2.3支座反力選取&#

91、183;····································

92、···15</p><p>　　5.3彎矩····························

93、3;·······················15</p><p>　　5.3.1圓筒中間橫截面·······&

94、#183;······························15</p><p>　　5.3.2鞍座平面&

95、#183;····································

96、;·······16</p><p>　　6圓筒應(yīng)力計(jì)算與校核·······················

97、3;················16</p><p>　　6.1圓筒軸向應(yīng)力··············

98、3;·····························16</p><p>　　6.1.1內(nèi)壓未加壓·

99、83;····································&

100、#183;···16</p><p>　　6.1.2內(nèi)壓加壓···························&

101、#183;················17</p><p>　　6.1.3外壓加壓··············&

102、#183;·····························17</p><p>　　6.1.4外壓未加壓·

103、····································

104、3;····17</p><p>　　6.1.5未加壓···························

105、;···················18</p><p>　　6.1.6加壓············&

106、#183;···································18<

107、;/p><p>　　6.1.7軸向應(yīng)力校核·······························

108、83;········18</p><p>　　6.2圓筒和封頭切應(yīng)力······················&

109、#183;·················19</p><p>　　6.2.1圓筒切應(yīng)力·············

110、·····························19</p><p>　　6.2.2封頭切應(yīng)力··

111、;····································

112、83;···19</p><p>　　6.2.3封頭切應(yīng)力校核···························

113、···········19</p><p>　　6.3圓筒周向應(yīng)力····················

114、························19</p><p>　　6.3.1圓筒截面周向壓應(yīng)力······&

115、#183;···························20</p><p>　　6.3.2圓筒鞍座邊角周向應(yīng)力··&

116、#183;·····························20</p><p>　　6.3.3鞍座墊板邊緣處周向應(yīng)力

117、······························20</p><p>　　6.3.3周向應(yīng)力校核

118、3;····································&#

119、183;··20</p><p>　　6.4腹板水平拉應(yīng)力····························&

120、#183;·············20</p><p>　　6.4.1支座腹板水平分力················

121、83;···················20</p><p>　　6.4.2腹板有效截面內(nèi)水平拉應(yīng)力··········&

122、#183;·················21</p><p>　　6.4.3應(yīng)力校核·············&

123、#183;······························21</p><p>　　6.5鞍座壓縮應(yīng)力&

124、#183;····································

125、;·······21</p><p>　　6.5.1地震載荷引起壓應(yīng)力·······················

126、···········21</p><p>　　6.5.1.1水平地震力···················

127、83;····················21</p><p>　　6.5.1.2腹板與筋板組合截面積·········&

128、#183;····················21</p><p>　　6.5.1.3腹板與筋板組合截面系數(shù)········

129、3;···················21</p><p>　　6.5.1.4地震載荷引起壓應(yīng)力··········

130、83;·····················22</p><p>　　6.5.1.5溫度變化引起的壓應(yīng)力········&

131、#183;·····················22</p><p>　　6.5.1.6應(yīng)力校核·········

132、;·································23</p><p&g

133、t;　　6.6地震引起地腳螺栓應(yīng)力··································

134、;··23</p><p>　　6.6.1傾覆力矩·····························

135、;···············23</p><p>　　6.6.2地腳螺栓拉應(yīng)力···············&#

136、183;······················23</p><p>　　6.6.3應(yīng)力校核········&#

137、183;···································23<

138、/p><p>　　結(jié)論·································&

139、#183;·····················24</p><p>　　參考文獻(xiàn)··········

140、····································

141、3;····25</p><p><b>　　設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書(shū)</b></p><p><b>　　設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間安排</b></p><p>　　從第17周（2015年12月14日）至第18周（2015年12月18日）。</p><p><b>　　設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容安

142、排</b></p><p>　　熟知相關(guān)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、規(guī)范及規(guī)定等相關(guān)資料；</p><p>　　設(shè)備的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算及強(qiáng)度、穩(wěn)定性校核；</p><p>　　編寫(xiě)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)一份；</p><p>　　4.繪制1號(hào)裝配圖一張。</p><p><b>　　設(shè)計(jì)條件</b></p>&

143、lt;p><b>　　詳見(jiàn)附表一。</b></p><p><b>　　設(shè)計(jì)要求</b></p><p>　　學(xué)生要按照任務(wù)書(shū)要求，獨(dú)立完成容器的設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)；</p><p>　　計(jì)算單位一律采用國(guó)際單位；</p><p>　　計(jì)算過(guò)程及說(shuō)明應(yīng)清楚；</p><p>　　

144、所有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件均要寫(xiě)明標(biāo)記或代號(hào)；</p><p>　　設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)目錄要有序號(hào)、內(nèi)容、頁(yè)碼；</p><p>　　6.設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)與裝配圖中的數(shù)據(jù)一致。如果裝配圖中有修改，在說(shuō)明書(shū)中要注明變更；</p><p>　　7.書(shū)寫(xiě)工整，字跡清晰，層次分明；</p><p>　　8.設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)要有封面和封底，橫向裝訂成冊(cè)。</p><p

145、><b>　　符號(hào)說(shuō)明</b></p><p>　　------鞍座中心線至封頭切線的距離，；</p><p>　　------一個(gè)支座的所有加強(qiáng)圈與圓筒起加強(qiáng)作用有效段的組合截面</p><p><b>　　積之和，；</b></p><p>　　------設(shè)計(jì)溫度下，按GB150.3確定

146、的外壓應(yīng)力系數(shù)，；</p><p>　　------常溫下，按GB150.3確定的外壓應(yīng)力系數(shù)，；</p><p>　　------圓筒內(nèi)直徑，；</p><p>　　------圓筒外直徑，；</p><p>　　------每個(gè)支座的反力，；</p><p>　　------一個(gè)支座的所有加強(qiáng)圈與圓筒起加強(qiáng)作用的有

147、效段的組合截 </p><p>　　面對(duì)該截面形心軸的慣性矩之和，；</p><p>　　------載荷組合系數(shù)；</p><p><b>　　------系數(shù)；</b></p><p>　　------封頭切線間距離，；</p><p>　　------圓筒中間處的軸向彎矩，；</p

148、><p>　　------支座處圓筒的軸向彎矩，；</p><p>　　------圓筒的平均直徑，；</p><p>　　------碟形封頭球面部分內(nèi)直徑，；</p><p>　　------圓筒內(nèi)直徑，；</p><p>　　———容器容積，取17.95；</p><p>　　------支座

149、的軸向?qū)挾?，?lt;/p><p>　　------加強(qiáng)圈的寬度，；</p><p>　　------圓筒的有效寬度，；</p><p>　　------計(jì)算圓筒與加強(qiáng)圈形成組合截面時(shí)，圓筒的有效寬度，；</p><p>　　------支座墊板寬度，；</p><p>　　------重力加速度；</p>

150、<p>　　------封頭曲面深度，；</p><p><b>　　------系數(shù)。</b></p><p>　　------容器質(zhì)量，；</p><p>　　------容器空質(zhì)量，；</p><p>　　------設(shè)計(jì)壓力，；</p><p>　　------計(jì)算壓力，；<

151、;/p><p><b>　　———介質(zhì)密度，；</b></p><p>　　------單位長(zhǎng)度載荷，；</p><p>　　------碟形封頭過(guò)渡段轉(zhuǎn)角內(nèi)半徑，；</p><p>　　------圓筒有效厚度，；</p><p>　　------封頭有效厚度，；</p><p&

152、gt;　　------圓筒名義厚度，；</p><p>　　------封頭名義厚度，；</p><p>　　------鞍座墊板有效厚度，；</p><p>　　------鞍座墊板名義厚度，；</p><p>　　------鞍座包角，°；</p><p>　　------設(shè)計(jì)溫度下容器殼體材料的許用應(yīng)力

153、，；</p><p>　　------設(shè)計(jì)溫度下容器圓筒材料的軸向許用壓縮應(yīng)力，；</p><p>　　------常溫下容器圓筒材料的軸向許用壓縮應(yīng)力，；</p><p>　　------設(shè)計(jì)溫度下加強(qiáng)圈材料的許用應(yīng)力，；</p><p>　　------鞍座材料的許用應(yīng)力，；</p><p>　　------地腳螺

154、栓材料的許用應(yīng)力，；</p><p>　　------圓筒中間處橫截面內(nèi)最高、最低點(diǎn)處的軸向應(yīng)力，；</p><p>　　------支座處圓筒橫截面內(nèi)最高、最低點(diǎn)處的軸向應(yīng)力，；</p><p>　　------支座處圓筒橫截面最低處的周向應(yīng)力，；</p><p>　　------無(wú)加強(qiáng)圈時(shí)鞍座邊緣處的圓筒周向應(yīng)力，；</p>

155、<p>　　------無(wú)加強(qiáng)圈時(shí)鞍座墊板邊緣處的圓筒周向應(yīng)力，；</p><p>　　------加強(qiáng)圈與圓筒組合截面處上圓筒表面的最大周向應(yīng)力，；</p><p>　　------加強(qiáng)圈與圓筒組合截面上加強(qiáng)圈邊緣處的最大周向應(yīng)力，</p><p><b>　?。?lt;/b></p><p>　　------鞍

156、座腹板水平方向上的平均拉應(yīng)力，；</p><p>　　------由水平地震力引起的支座腹板與筋板組合截面的壓應(yīng)力，</p><p><b>　　；</b></p><p>　　------由溫度變化引起的支座腹板與筋板組合截面的壓應(yīng)力，；</p><p>　　------圓筒切向剪應(yīng)力，；</p><

157、;p>　　------加強(qiáng)圈靠近鞍座平面時(shí)，和的方位角，°；</p><p>　　------圓筒未被加強(qiáng)時(shí)，的方位角，°；</p><p>　　------圓筒剪應(yīng)力的方位角，°。</p><p><b>　　設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算</b></p><p><b>　　1參數(shù)選取<

158、/b></p><p>　　1.1設(shè)計(jì)壓力與計(jì)算壓力的確定</p><p>　　已知設(shè)計(jì)壓力p為1.0Mpa，元件承受液柱靜壓力小于5%設(shè)計(jì)壓力，所以取計(jì)算壓力為1.0Mpa。</p><p>　　1.2設(shè)計(jì)溫度的確定</p><p>　　已知設(shè)計(jì)溫度為200℃，取操作溫度為200℃。</p><p><b

159、>　　1.3厚度附加量</b></p><p>　　1.3.1厚度負(fù)偏差</p><p>　　取厚度負(fù)偏差為0.3mm。</p><p><b>　　1.3.2腐蝕裕量</b></p><p>　　取腐蝕裕量為2mm。</p><p><b>　　1.4焊接接頭系數(shù)&l

160、t;/b></p><p>　　選擇雙面焊對(duì)接接頭和相當(dāng)于雙面焊的全熔透對(duì)接接頭，無(wú)損檢測(cè)比例為局部，所以取為0.85。</p><p><b>　　2筒體</b></p><p><b>　　2.1筒體材料</b></p><p>　　介質(zhì)無(wú)特有會(huì)影響儲(chǔ)罐的性質(zhì)，所以選擇Q345R作為儲(chǔ)罐筒

161、體和封頭的材料。</p><p><b>　　2.2筒體許用應(yīng)力</b></p><p>　　按Q345R，200℃時(shí)計(jì)算。</p><p><b>　　2.3筒體厚度</b></p><p>　　2.3.1筒體計(jì)算厚度</p><p>　　2.3.2筒體設(shè)計(jì)厚度</p

162、><p>　　2.3.3筒體名義厚度</p><p>　　，沒(méi)有變化，所以取名義厚度12mm合適。</p><p>　　2.3.4筒體有效厚度</p><p>　　2.4筒體厚度水壓試驗(yàn)校核</p><p>　　2.4.1耐壓試驗(yàn)壓力</p><p><b>　　按Q345R，查</

163、b></p><p>　　2.4.2筒體薄膜應(yīng)力</p><p>　　2.4.3耐壓試驗(yàn)時(shí)容器強(qiáng)度校核</p><p><b>　　所以厚度合適。</b></p><p><b>　　3封頭</b></p><p><b>　　3.1封頭選型</b>

164、;</p><p>　　由于壓力和溫度都不高，所以選擇橢圓形封頭，為方便計(jì)算，選擇標(biāo)準(zhǔn)橢圓形封頭，所以K=1。</p><p><b>　　3.2封頭厚度</b></p><p>　　3.3封頭厚度水壓試驗(yàn)校核</p><p>　　3.3.1封頭設(shè)計(jì)厚度</p><p>　　3.3.2封頭名義厚度

165、</p><p>　　，沒(méi)有變化，所以取名義厚度12mm合適。</p><p>　　3.3.3封頭有效厚度</p><p>　　3.4封頭厚度水壓試驗(yàn)校核</p><p>　　3.4.1耐壓試驗(yàn)壓力</p><p><b>　　按Q345R，查</b></p><p>　　

166、3.4.2封頭薄膜應(yīng)力</p><p>　　3.4.3耐壓試驗(yàn)時(shí)封頭強(qiáng)度校核</p><p><b>　　所以厚度合適。</b></p><p><b>　　4附件選擇</b></p><p><b>　　4.1支座</b></p><p>　　選擇雙鞍

167、式支座,根據(jù)JB/T4712.1選取，由于筒體內(nèi)徑為2000mm，所以選輕型，包角選擇120°，有墊板，4個(gè)筋板。</p><p><b>　　4.2法蘭</b></p><p>　　根據(jù)JB/T4700-2000，由于筒體內(nèi)徑為2000mm，所以選平焊乙型法蘭，PN=0.25Mpa，材料選擇20R。</p><p><b>

168、;　　4.3墊片</b></p><p>　　由于法蘭選擇為乙型，所以選非金屬軟墊片，根據(jù)GB/T3985選擇石棉橡膠板。</p><p><b>　　4.4加強(qiáng)圈</b></p><p>　　該儲(chǔ)罐不設(shè)置加強(qiáng)圈。</p><p><b>　　4.5補(bǔ)強(qiáng)圈</b></p>

169、<p><b>　　4.5.1補(bǔ)強(qiáng)判別</b></p><p>　　根據(jù)表4-15，允許不另行補(bǔ)強(qiáng)的最大接管外徑為，此壓力容器中接管DN=250mm，故須另行考慮其補(bǔ)強(qiáng)。</p><p>　　4.5.2補(bǔ)強(qiáng)計(jì)算方法判別</p><p>　　開(kāi)孔直徑,此蒸汽出口直徑d=254.6mm<=1000mm，滿足等面積法開(kāi)孔補(bǔ)強(qiáng)計(jì)算的適用

170、條件，故可用等面積法進(jìn)行開(kāi)孔補(bǔ)強(qiáng)計(jì)算。</p><p>　　4.5.3開(kāi)孔所需補(bǔ)強(qiáng)面積</p><p>　　4.5.3.1封頭計(jì)算厚度</p><p>　　對(duì)于內(nèi)壓圓筒上的開(kāi)孔，為按周向應(yīng)力計(jì)算而得的計(jì)算厚度，即=6.44mm。</p><p>　　4.5.3.2開(kāi)孔所需補(bǔ)強(qiáng)面積</p><p><b>　　

171、接管有效厚度，所以</b></p><p>　　=250×6.44+2×6.44×3.7×（1-0.63）=1627.63mm</p><p>　　4.5.4有效補(bǔ)強(qiáng)范圍</p><p>　　4.5.4.1有效寬度B</p><p><b>　　所以 </b>

172、;</p><p>　　4.5.4.2有效高度</p><p>　　外側(cè): </p><p>　　所以 </p><p><b>　　內(nèi)側(cè)： </b></p><p>　　所以 </p><p>　　4.5.5有效補(bǔ)強(qiáng)面積&

173、lt;/p><p>　　4.5.5.1封頭多余金屬面積</p><p><b>　　封頭有效厚度，所以</b></p><p>　　4.5.5.2接管多余金屬面積</p><p>　　接管計(jì)算厚度 </p><p>　　接管多余金屬面積 </p&

174、gt;<p>　　4.5.5.3接管區(qū)焊縫面積</p><p>　　4.5.5.4有效補(bǔ)強(qiáng)面積</p><p>　　4.5.6所需另行補(bǔ)強(qiáng)面積</p><p>　　4.5.7補(bǔ)強(qiáng)圈設(shè)計(jì)</p><p>　　根據(jù)接管公稱直徑DN250選補(bǔ)強(qiáng)圈，參照補(bǔ)強(qiáng)圈標(biāo)準(zhǔn)JB/T 4736取補(bǔ)強(qiáng)圈外徑=480mm，內(nèi)徑=277mm，因B=500

175、mm>，補(bǔ)強(qiáng)圈在有效補(bǔ)強(qiáng)范圍內(nèi)。</p><p><b>　　補(bǔ)強(qiáng)圈厚度為</b></p><p>　　考慮鋼板負(fù)偏差并經(jīng)圓整，取補(bǔ)強(qiáng)圈名義厚度為6mm，但為便于制造時(shí)準(zhǔn)備材料，補(bǔ)強(qiáng)圈名義厚度也可取為封頭的厚度，即=12mm。</p><p><b>　　5儲(chǔ)罐支座反力計(jì)算</b></p><p&

176、gt;<b>　　5.1儲(chǔ)罐質(zhì)量</b></p><p><b>　　5.1.1筒體質(zhì)量</b></p><p><b>　　5.1.2封頭質(zhì)量</b></p><p><b>　　5.1.3附件質(zhì)量</b></p><p>　　由于附件質(zhì)量相對(duì)筒體與封頭

177、質(zhì)量較小，故忽略不計(jì)，即。</p><p>　　5.1.4充氣、液質(zhì)量</p><p>　　5.1.5保溫層質(zhì)量</p><p><b>　　5.1.6總質(zhì)量</b></p><p>　　5.1.6.1操作時(shí)質(zhì)量</p><p>　　5.1.6.2壓力實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)質(zhì)量</p><p&

178、gt;<b>　　5.2支座反力</b></p><p>　　5.2.1操作時(shí)反力</p><p>　　5.2.2壓力實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)反力</p><p>　　5.2.3支座反力選取</p><p><b>　　5.3彎矩</b></p><p>　　5.3.1圓筒中間橫截面</

179、p><p><b>　　5.3.2鞍座平面</b></p><p>　　6圓筒應(yīng)力計(jì)算與校核</p><p><b>　　6.1圓筒軸向應(yīng)力</b></p><p>　　6.1.1內(nèi)壓未加壓</p><p><b>　　6.1.2內(nèi)壓加壓</b></p

180、><p><b>　　6.1.3外壓加壓</b></p><p>　　6.1.4外壓未加壓</p><p><b>　　6.1.5未加壓</b></p><p><b>　　6.1.6加壓</b></p><p>　　6.1.7軸向應(yīng)力校核</p>

181、;<p><b>　　查圖，取,</b></p><p><b>　　所以，</b></p><p><b>　　所以應(yīng)力合格。</b></p><p>　　6.2圓筒和封頭切應(yīng)力</p><p>　　6.2.1圓筒切應(yīng)力</p><p>

182、　　由于，所以圓筒被封頭加強(qiáng)</p><p>　　6.2.2封頭切應(yīng)力</p><p>　　6.2.3封頭切應(yīng)力校核</p><p><b>　　所以切向應(yīng)力合格。</b></p><p><b>　　6.3圓筒周向應(yīng)力</b></p><p>　　6.3.1圓筒截面周向壓應(yīng)

183、力</p><p>　　所以 </p><p>　　6.3.2圓筒鞍座邊角周向應(yīng)力</p><p>　　6.3.3鞍座墊板邊緣處周向應(yīng)力</p><p>　　6.3.3周向應(yīng)力校核</p><p><b>　　所以周向應(yīng)力合格。</b></p>&

184、lt;p>　　6.4腹板水平拉應(yīng)力</p><p>　　6.4.1支座腹板水平分力</p><p>　　6.4.2腹板有效截面內(nèi)水平拉應(yīng)力</p><p><b>　　6.4.3應(yīng)力校核</b></p><p><b>　　所以合格。</b></p><p><b

185、>　　6.5鞍座壓縮應(yīng)力</b></p><p>　　6.5.1地震載荷引起壓應(yīng)力</p><p>　　6.5.1.1水平地震力</p><p>　　6.5.1.2腹板與筋板組合截面積</p><p>　　6.5.1.3腹板與筋板組合截面系數(shù)</p><p>　　6.5.1.4地震載荷引起壓應(yīng)力<

186、;/p><p>　　6.5.1.5溫度變化引起的壓應(yīng)力</p><p>　　6.5.1.6應(yīng)力校核</p><p><b>　　所以合格。</b></p><p>　　6.6地震引起地腳螺栓應(yīng)力</p><p><b>　　6.6.1傾覆力矩</b></p><

187、;p>　　6.6.2地腳螺栓拉應(yīng)力</p><p><b>　　6.6.3應(yīng)力校核</b></p><p><b>　　所以應(yīng)力合格。</b></p><p><b>　　結(jié)論</b></p><p>　　本次課程設(shè)計(jì)所設(shè)計(jì)的是臥式壓力容器，設(shè)計(jì)筒體和封頭的名義厚度為12

188、mm。根據(jù)JB/T4712.1選擇雙鞍式支座,輕型，包角120°，有墊板，4個(gè)筋板。根據(jù)JB/T4700-2000，選平焊乙型法蘭，PN=0.25Mpa，材料選擇20R。墊片選非金屬軟墊片，根據(jù)GB/T3985選擇石棉橡膠板。不設(shè)置加強(qiáng)圈。計(jì)算了筒體、封頭、附件等質(zhì)量；計(jì)算了支座所受的力及其反力；計(jì)算了彎矩；并據(jù)此計(jì)算了筒體的軸向應(yīng)力，且應(yīng)力校核合格；計(jì)算了筒體和封頭的切應(yīng)力，且應(yīng)力校核合格；計(jì)算了腹板的水平拉力，且應(yīng)力校核合

189、格；計(jì)算了鞍座壓縮應(yīng)力，且應(yīng)力校核合格。</p><p>　　最終確定所選儲(chǔ)罐厚度合適，各部件選擇合適，能滿足各向應(yīng)力，達(dá)到要求，所以此次設(shè)計(jì)合格。</p><p>　　通過(guò)這次的設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)習(xí)，對(duì)書(shū)本上的知識(shí)有了更充分的認(rèn)識(shí)。同時(shí)，對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)的完成培養(yǎng)了個(gè)人動(dòng)手能力，實(shí)踐能力。使我們對(duì)壓力容器了解的更加透徹。</p><p><b>　　參考文獻(xiàn)</b>

190、;</p><p>　　[1].GB150-2011.鋼制壓力容器[S].中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家質(zhì)量監(jiān)督檢驗(yàn)檢疫總局.</p><p>　　[2].JB4731-2005.鋼制臥式容器[S].中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家發(fā)展和改革委員會(huì).</p><p>　　[3].NB/T47042-2014.臥式容器[S].中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家能源局.</p><p>

191、　　[4].JB/T4712-2007.容器支座[S].中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家發(fā)展和改革委員會(huì).</p><p>　　[5].JB/T4702-2000.乙型平焊法蘭[S].中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家機(jī)械工業(yè)局.</p><p>　　[6].JB/T4736-2002.補(bǔ)強(qiáng)圈[S].中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易委員會(huì).</p><p>　　[7].JB/T4746-2002.鋼制

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