1完形填空---議論文

1、<p><b>　　完形填空突破(一)</b></p><p><b>　　——議論文</b></p><p>　　1．議論型完形填空的特點</p><p>　　(1)議論形式的完形填空一般是直接提出論點,通過論據(jù)論證,最后,作者提出自己的看法或提出另一個話題供大家討論。</p><p>

2、　　(2)議論形式的完形填空一般都是由論點（作者的觀點,也就是被證明的對象）、論據(jù)（用來證明論點的依據(jù),是說明論點的理由和材料）和論證（運用論據(jù)證明論點的過程與方法）這三個要素構成的,這也是一個提出問題→分析問題→解決問題的過程。</p><p>　　(3)英語議論文不僅需要說明自己的觀點,而且還要讓讀者接受自己的觀點,因此,在詞語表達上除了客觀之外,還比較注重委婉。常用虛擬語氣、讓步狀語從句和情態(tài)動詞can,c

3、ould,may,might,would,should等。為了辯證推理的條理性和邏輯性,往往較多地使用since,now that,therefore,in that case,because,so,but,however等過渡詞和連接詞。</p><p>　　2．議論型完形填空的備考策略</p><p>　　(1)遵循“首句”原則</p><p>　　對于議論文形

4、式的完形填空,在掌握全文主旨的情況下,抓好每段的首句是做好試題的基本原則之一。有一項調(diào)查結果表明,英語議論文有60%～90%的主旨句在文章的首句。抓住了每段的主旨句也就“牽住了牛鼻子”,再理解文意也就不難了。</p><p>　　(2)理清論點、論據(jù)、結論</p><p>　　議論型完形填空與記敘型完形填空相比,議論型完形填空稍微難做。一般的記敘文是按時間順序進行描述的,我們只要把握事件發(fā)

5、生、發(fā)展的過程,就能將情景掌握好。然而議論文形式的完形填空就不這么簡單了,如果我們對哪是論點、哪是論據(jù)、哪是結論都不清楚,只是莽撞地選擇答案,其結果可想而知。所以理清論點、論據(jù)和結論是做好議論型完形填空的關鍵。</p><p>　　(3)“三論”結合驗證答案</p><p>　　一般來說,能說明論據(jù)主要內(nèi)容的答案可以在論點里得到印證,而論點里的某些答案也可以與論據(jù)有機地結合起來,使論點、論

6、據(jù)形成相輔相成的關系,因而整個文章上下一致。如果我們所選的答案前后矛盾,論據(jù)與論點相悖,最后的結論與論點相矛盾,那就說明我們對于文章的把握欠條理和系統(tǒng),我們就要重新回過頭來理順文章的各個部分,直到清楚為止,然后再依據(jù)自己對全文的掌握及各部分的邏輯關系選出答案。</p><p>　　3、真題放送 體驗高考</p><p>　　1、【2012江蘇卷】閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A

7、、B、C、D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。</p><p>　　The concept of solitude (獨處) in the digital world is almost non-existent. In the world of digital technology, e-mail, social networking and online video games, i

8、nformation is meant to be 36 . Solitude can be hard to discover 37 it has been given up. In this respect, new technologies have 38 our culture.</p><p>　　The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a (

9、 n) 39 as we've known it. People have become so 40 in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted 41 they'd rather not be. Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog(寫博客), not only f

10、rom our 42 but from our mobile phones as well.</p><p>　　Most developed nations have become 43 on digital technology simply because they've grown accustomed to it, and at this point not 44 it would make t

11、hem an outsider. 45 , many jobs and careers require people to be 46 . From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work. Being reachable might feel like a 47 to those who may not want to be able to be c

12、ontacted at all times.</p><p>　　I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who 48 wants it. Computers can be shut 49 and mobile phones can be turned off. The ability to be &quo

13、t;connected" and "on" has many 50 , as well as disadvantages. Travelers have ended up 51 on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives. They can also make people feel 52 and forced to answer u

14、nwanted calls or 53 to unwanted texts.</p><p>　　Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society 54 across generations. Some find today's technology a gift. Others consider it a curse. Regardless of anyo

15、ne's view on the subject, it's hard to imagine what life would be like 55 daily advancements in technology.</p><p>　　36.A. updatedB. receivedC. sharedD. collected</p><p>　　37.A.

16、 thoughB. untilC. onceD. before</p><p>　　38.A. respected B. shaped C. ignoredD. preserved</p><p>　　39.A. edge B. stage C. endD. balance</p>

17、<p>　　40. A. sensitiveB.intelligentC. considerateD. reachable</p><p>　　41. A. even if B. only ifC. as ifD. if only</p><p>　　42.A.mediaB.computesC. databasesD.

18、monitors</p><p>　　43.A.bentB.hardC. keenD. dependent</p><p>　　43. A. bent B. hard C. keenD. dependent</p><p>　　44. A. findingB. using C.

19、 protecting D. changing</p><p>　　45. A. Also B. Instead C. Otherwise D. Somehow</p><p>　　46. A. connected B. trained C. recommended D. interested</p>

20、<p>　　47. A. pleasure B. benefit C. burdenD. disappointment</p><p>　　48.A. slightly B. hardly C. merelyD. really</p><p>　　49.A. outB. downC. up

21、D. in</p><p>　　50.A. aspectsB. weaknessesC. advantagesD. exceptions</p><p>　　51.A. hiddenB. lostC. relaxedD. deserted</p><p>　　52.A. trappedB. excitcdC. c

22、onfusedD. amused</p><p>　　53.A. turnB. submitC. objectD. reply</p><p>　　54.A. varyB. ariseC. spreadD. exist</p><p>　　55.A. beyondB. withinC. despiteD

23、. without</p><p>　　【考點】科技類—議論文</p><p>　　【文章大意】在現(xiàn)代社會中，由于數(shù)碼技術的發(fā)展，我們獨處的概念幾乎不復存在。盡管人們對現(xiàn)代技術的發(fā)展持有不同的看法，但是技術的進步，我們的生活會完全不同。讓我們盡情的享受生活。</p><p><b>　　36．【答案】C</b></p><p

24、><b>　　【考點】動詞義辨析</b></p><p>　　【試題解析】根據(jù)第一句話“The concept of solitude (獨處) in the digital world is almost non-existent.“在數(shù)碼時代里，獨處的概念幾乎是不存在的”可知，此處表示信息是被共享的。故選C項。</p><p><b>　　【難度】

25、一般</b></p><p><b>　　37．【答案】C</b></p><p>　　【考點】連詞詞義辨析</p><p>　　【試題解析】根據(jù)上下無奈語境，一旦被放棄孤獨是很難發(fā)現(xiàn)的。once意為“一旦”，符合語境。though意為“盡管”；until意為“直到”；before意為“在……之前”。都不符合題意。</p>

26、;<p><b>　　【難度】一般</b></p><p><b>　　38．【答案】B</b></p><p>　　【考點】動詞詞義辨析</p><p>　　【試題解析】根據(jù)上下文，句意：在這方面，新技術塑造著我們的未來。respect意為“尊重”；shape意為“塑造，使成形”；ignore意為“忽視”；

27、preserve意為“保護”。根據(jù)語境可知，應選B項。</p><p><b>　　【難度】一般</b></p><p><b>　　39．【答案】C</b></p><p>　　【考點】動詞詞義辨析</p><p>　　【試題解析】根據(jù)本句中的connect（連接）可知，此處表示終止孤獨。end意

28、為“結束，終止”，符合語境。</p><p><b>　　【難度】一般</b></p><p><b>　　40．【答案】D</b></p><p>　　【考點】形容詞詞義辨析</p><p>　　【試題解析】根據(jù)后半句“and connections that one can often be c

29、ontacted 41 they'd rather not be.人們能夠經(jīng)常被聯(lián)系”可知，在網(wǎng)絡連接世界中，人們已經(jīng)變得如此地可達到。reachable意為“可達到的，可獲得的”，符合語境。</p><p><b>　　【難度】一般</b></p><p><b>　　41．【答案】A</b></p><p>　

30、　【考點】連詞詞義辨析</p><p>　　【試題解析】根據(jù)上下文，可推知， 在網(wǎng)絡連接世界中，人們已經(jīng)變得如此地可達到以致即使不愿意被聯(lián)系，也可能經(jīng)常被聯(lián)系。根據(jù)語境可知，應選A項。even if意為“即使”；only if意為“只要”；as if意為“似乎”；if only意為“要是……該多好”。</p><p><b>　　【難度】一般</b></p>

31、;<p><b>　　42．【答案】B</b></p><p>　　【考點】名詞詞義辨析</p><p>　　【試題解析】根據(jù)上文中的network可知，交談、發(fā)短信、法電子郵件等等應與電腦有關。故選B項。</p><p><b>　　【難度】一般</b></p><p><b&

32、gt;　　43．【答案】D</b></p><p>　　【考點】動詞詞義辨析</p><p>　　【試題解析】根據(jù)后半句“they’ve grown accustomed to it”可知，許多發(fā)達國家已經(jīng)依賴于數(shù)碼技術。dependent (on)意為“依靠的”，符合語境。bent (on)意為“決心的”；hard（on）意為“嚴厲的”；keen (on)意為“愛好，喜歡”。

33、</p><p><b>　　【難度】一般</b></p><p><b>　　44．【答案】B</b></p><p>　　【考點】動詞詞義辨析</p><p>　　【試題解析】根據(jù)前半句“Most developed nations have become 43 on digital techn

34、ology simply because they've grown accustomed to it,”可知，此處意為：不使用它會讓他們成為局外人。故選B項。</p><p><b>　　【難度】一般</b></p><p><b>　　45．【答案】A</b></p><p>　　【考點】副詞詞義辨析</

35、p><p>　　【試題解析】此處表示進一步陳述人們與新技術的聯(lián)系。故選A項。</p><p><b>　　【難度】一般</b></p><p><b>　　46．【答案】A</b></p><p>　　【考點】動詞詞義辨析</p><p>　　【試題解析】許多工作和職業(yè)需要人們被

36、聯(lián)系。根據(jù)上下文多次提到connect和contact可知，應選A項。</p><p><b>　　【難度】一般</b></p><p><b>　　47．【答案】C</b></p><p>　　【考點】名詞詞義辨析</p><p>　　【試題解析】根據(jù)后半句“may not want to be

37、able to be contacted at all times”可知，經(jīng)常被聯(lián)系是一種負擔。A項意為“愉悅”；benefit意為“利益”；disappointment意為“失望”，均與語境不符。故選C項。</p><p><b>　　【難度】一般</b></p><p><b>　　48．【答案】D</b></p><p&

38、gt;　　【考點】副詞詞義辨析</p><p>　　【試題解析】獨處對于真正想要獨處的人來說仍然是可能的。slightly意為“稍微”；hardly意為“幾乎不”；merely意為“僅僅”；really意為“真正地”。 really符合語境。</p><p><b>　　【難度】一般</b></p><p><b>　　49．【答案】

39、B</b></p><p>　　【考點】動詞短語詞義辨析</p><p>　　【試題解析】根據(jù)后半句中的“turn off”可知，此處應為意義一致的短語，shut down意為“關閉”，符合語境。shut out意為“關在外面，遮住”；shut up意為“住口”；shut in意為“關進”。</p><p><b>　　【難度】一般</b

40、></p><p><b>　　50．【答案】C</b></p><p>　　【考點】動詞詞義辨析</p><p>　　【試題解析】根據(jù)disadvantages可知這句的句意，“除了劣勢之外，還有很多優(yōu)勢”。故選C項。</p><p><b>　　【難度】一般</b></p>

41、<p><b>　　51．【答案】B</b></p><p>　　【考點】形容詞詞義辨析</p><p>　　【試題解析】根據(jù)后半句“mobile phones have saved countless lives.”，可知此處指旅游者在山上迷路了。故選B項。</p><p><b>　　【難度】一般</b>&l

42、t;/p><p><b>　　52．【答案】A</b></p><p>　　【考點】形容詞詞義辨析</p><p>　　【試題解析】根據(jù)本句中的“force和unwanted”可知，手機還使人們?nèi)烁械嚼Ь剑╰rapped），被迫回答不必要的電話或者回復不必要的短信。excited意為“興奮的”；confused意為“混亂的，困惑的，糊涂的”；amu

43、sed意為“愉快的”。</p><p><b>　　【難度】一般</b></p><p><b>　　53．【答案】D</b></p><p>　　【考點】動詞短語詞義辨析</p><p>　　【試題解析】根據(jù)上一題的解析可知，此處為回復短信。turn to意為“轉(zhuǎn)向；求助于”，submit to意

44、為“提交；服從”；object to意為“反對”，均與語境不符。故選D項。</p><p><b>　　【難度】一般</b></p><p><b>　　54．【答案】A</b></p><p>　　【考點】動詞詞義辨析</p><p>　　【試題解析】根據(jù)下文，說到人們對現(xiàn)在的技術的態(tài)度可知，態(tài)度

45、在不同時代有所變化。vary意為“變化，改變”，符合語境。arise意為“出現(xiàn)”；spread意為“傳播”；exist意為“存在”。</p><p><b>　　【難度】一般</b></p><p><b>　　55．【答案】D</b></p><p>　　【考點】介詞詞義辨析</p><p>　　

46、【試題解析】根據(jù)上下文，句意：如果沒有每日的技術進步，難以想象生活會是什么樣。根據(jù)本句賓語從句中所用的虛擬語氣可知，應選without，意為“沒有”。beyond意為“超過，超越”；within意為“在……之內(nèi)”；despite意為“盡管”。</p><p><b>　　【難度】一般</b></p><p><b>　　【長難句分析】</b>&l

47、t;/p><p>　　1. The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a ( n) 39 as we've known it.本句是as 引導的原因狀語從句，主句中的主語to be connected動詞不定式修飾the desire 為后置定語。</p><p>　　2. People have become so 40 i

48、n the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted 41 they'd rather not be. 在網(wǎng)絡連接世界中，人們已經(jīng)變得如此地可達到以致即使不愿意被聯(lián)系，也可能經(jīng)常被聯(lián)系。So… that …引導的結果狀語從句。</p><p>　　3.Being reachable might feel like a

49、 47 to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times.動名詞做主語，后面who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times.是those的后置定語從句。</p><p>　　4. I suppose the positive side is that solitude

50、 is still possible for anyone who 48 wants it.</p><p>　　Suppose的賓語從句，在賓語從句中that 引導的表語從句。</p><p>　　5. Regardless of anyone's view on the subject, it's hard to imagine what life would be l

51、ike 55 daily advancements in technology. 盡管在這個問題觀點不同。如果沒有每日的技術進步，難以想象生活會是什么樣。Regardless of 引導的讓步狀語從句。后面主句中是imagine的賓語從句，what 為連詞。</p><p>　　2、【2012上海卷】Directions: For each blank in the following passage there

52、 are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.</p><p>　　People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dime

53、s if they were asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman. In another 50 , subway riders in New York saw a man carrying a stick stumble（絆腳） and fall to the floor. So

54、metimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his 51 ; sometimes he did not. In this situation, the victim was more likely to 52 aid if his face was spotless than if he had an unattractive bi</p><p&

55、gt;　　In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid. 56 , in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport. The a

56、pplication was ready to be 57 , but had apparently been "lost". The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very 58 person and sometimes that of a less attractive person. The measur

57、e of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mai</p><p>　　The degree of 60 between the potential helper and the person in need is also important. For example, people are more li

58、kely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner. In one study, shoppers on a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearing a(n) 61 T-shirt than a person wearing a

59、T-shirt printed with offensive words.</p><p>　　Whether a person receives help depends in part on the "worth" of the case. For example, shoppers in a supermarket were more likely to give someone.

60、62 to buy milk rather than to buy cookies, probably because milk is thought more essential for 63 than cookies. Passengers on a New York subway were more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared t

61、o be 64 rather than drunk.</p><p>　　50. A. study B. way C. word D. college</p><p>　　51.A. hand B. arm C. face D. back</p><p>　

62、　52. A. refuse B. beg C. lose D. receive</p><p>　　53. A. challenging B. recording C. understanding D. publishing</p><p>　　54.A. important B. possible

63、 C. amusing D. missing</p><p>　　55. A. seek B. deserve C. obtain D. accept</p><p>　　56.A. At first B. Above all C. In addition D. For example

64、</p><p>　　57. A. printed B. mailed C. rewritten D. signed</p><p>　　58. A. talented B. good-looking C. helpful D. hard-working</p><p>　　59.A. send

65、 in B. throw away C. fill out D. turn down</p><p>　　60. A. similarity B. friendship C. cooperation D. contact</p><p>　　61. A. expensive B. plain C.

66、 cheap D. strange</p><p>　　62. A. time B. instructions C. money D. chances</p><p>　　63.A. shoppers B. research C. children D. health</p><

67、p>　　64. A. talkative B. handsome C. calm D. sick</p><p>　　V1 [2012·上海卷]</p><p>　　【要點綜述】研究表明，出于某種原因，我們更愿意幫助我們喜歡的人和我們認為值得幫助的人。</p><p>　　50. A。考查名詞。根據(jù)下文these

68、 and other research findings和in a field study提示，在另一份研究中，所以選A。 </p><p>　　51. C?？疾槊~。根據(jù)下文if his face was spotless提示。受害者臉上有一個巨大的紅色胎記。</p><p>　　52. D。考查動詞。根據(jù)下文are more likely to receive aid提示選recei

69、ve。如果受害者的臉無污點的比有不引人注意的胎記更有可能獲得援助。</p><p>　　53. C?？疾閯釉~。在了解這些和其他研究結果過程中。 </p><p>　　54. A。考查形容詞。發(fā)現(xiàn)兩個重要的主題。 </p><p>　　55. B?？疾閯釉~。deserve意為“值得”。因為某種原因我們更愿意幫助我們喜歡的人和我們認為值得幫助的人。</p>

70、;<p>　　56. D。考查介詞短語。下文舉列說明觀點：In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid，所以選D。</p><p>　　57. B?？疾閯釉~。根據(jù)下文actually mailed it or not提示選mailed。意思是申請被郵寄。</p>

71、<p>　　58. B?？疾樾稳菰~。附在申請上的照片一張是相貌好看的、一張不太有吸引力的人。</p><p>　　59. A?？疾閯釉~短語。結果表明，如果照片上人外表上有吸引力，人們更可能遞送這個申請。send in意為“遞送”。</p><p>　　60. A?？疾槊~。在潛在的助手和有需要的人之間的相似程度也很重要。</p><p>　　61. B

72、?？疾樾稳菰~。T恤上印上進攻的話和樸素的T恤相對比。plain意為“簡樸的;樸素的”。 </p><p>　　62. C?？疾槊~。根據(jù)常識應該給錢買牛奶。</p><p>　　63. D?？疾槊~。對健康來說，牛奶被認為比餅干更重要。 </p><p>　　64. D?？疾樾稳菰~。生病的似乎喝醉的更容易收到幫助。</p><p>　　3、【

73、2011·廣東卷】完形填空。 </p><p>　　It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The __1____is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in t

74、heir intellectual (智力的) growth by___2___situations that has designed for the ____3___children.</p><p>　　There can be little doubt that___4____classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take

75、 their place in life sooner. However, to take these____5____ out of the regular classes was created serious problems.</p><p>　　I observed a number of___6___students who were taken out of a special class and

76、placed in___7____class. In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judgment, relying__8___on their teachers’ directions. In the regular class, having no worry about keeping up, they began to reflec

77、t___9___on many problems. Some of which were not on the school program.</p><p>　　Many are concerned that gifted children become___10____ and lose interest in learning. However, this___11____is more often fro

78、m parents and teachers than from students, and some of these___12___simply conclude that special classes should be set up for those who are ___13___. Some top students do feel bored in class, but why they___14_____so go

79、es far beyond the work they have in school. Studies have shown that to be bored is to be anxious. The gifted child who is bored is an___15____ child.</p><p>　　1. A. principle B. theory C. arguments

80、 D. classification</p><p>　　2. A. designing B. grouping C. learning D. living</p><p>　　3. A. smart B. curious C. mature D. average</p><p>　　4. A. regular

81、 B. special C. small D. creative </p><p>　　5. A. children B. programs C. graduates D. designs</p><p>　　6. A. intelligent B. competent C. ordinary D. independent

82、</p><p>　　7. A. separate B. regular C. new D. boring </p><p>　　8. A. specially B. slightly C. wrongly D. heavily</p><p>　　9. A. directly B. clearly C

83、. voluntarily D. quickly </p><p>　　10. A. doubted B. bored C. worried D. tired </p><p>　　11. A. concern B. conclusion C. reflection D. interest</p><p>　　12.

84、 A. students B. adults C. scholars D. teachers </p><p>　　13. A. talented B. worried C. learned D. interested</p><p>　　14. A. believe B. think C. say D. feel &l

85、t;/p><p>　　15. A. outstanding B. intelligent C. anxious D. ordinary</p><p>　　【要點綜述】本文是一篇議論文。文章就有天賦的學生是不是應該進特殊班的問題進行了討論，調(diào)查表明被分在特殊班的學生并沒有人們想象的好效果，特殊班里的學生過分依賴老師的引導，反而對學習失去了興趣。</p><

86、;p>　　1.C 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)文意可知分班的爭論依據(jù)是：普通班會阻礙有天賦學生的發(fā)展。</p><p>　　2.C 考查現(xiàn)在分詞的用法。這里指為普通學生設計的普通班的學習環(huán)境。</p><p>　　3.D考查形容詞詞義辨析。后文指為普通學生設計的普通班。與前面的gifted相對的是average(普通的，一般的)。故選D。</p><p>　　4.B 考

87、查形容詞的詞義辨析及語境理解。特殊班能幫助學生早畢業(yè)，盡早的走進生活。</p><p>　　5.A 考查語境理解。根據(jù)上文可知：此處指有天賦的孩子們。把有天賦的孩子們從普通班分出來產(chǎn)生了嚴重問題。</p><p>　　6.A考查形容詞詞義辨析及語境理解。此處intelligent意為：聰明的，有天賦的；它與gifted同意。</p><p>　　7.B考查形容詞詞義

88、辨析及語境理解。把特殊班里的有天賦的學生放到普通班里進行調(diào)研。后文有提示：In the regular class。</p><p>　　8.D 考查副詞的詞義及語境。在特殊班里的學生沒怎么表現(xiàn)出運用自己的判斷力的能力，相反，他們過分依賴老師的引導。</p><p>　　9.C考查副詞詞義及語境理解。由having no worry about keeping up可知：在普通班有天賦的學

89、生不必擔心跟上課程的問題，所以他們就會自動的思考許多問題。此處voluntarily意為：自愿地，主動地。</p><p>　　10.B考查形容詞詞義辨析及語境理解。許多人擔心他們會感到厭煩從而對學習失去興趣。</p><p>　　11.A考查名詞詞義辨析及語境理解。這種擔心更多來源于老師和家長而不是學生。</p><p>　　12.B考查名詞詞義辨析及語境理解。根

90、據(jù)上文的parents and teachers可知，一些老師有了應該為那些有天賦的學生設立特殊班的想法，因為老師比家長更了解學校的情況。</p><p>　　13.A 考查形容詞詞義辨析及語境理解。根據(jù)上文應為有天賦的學生。此處talented與gifted同意。</p><p>　　14.D考查動詞詞義辨析及語境理解。他們?yōu)槭裁磿羞@樣的感覺是因為不適應學校的課程。</p>

91、<p>　　15.C考查形容詞詞義及語境理解。根據(jù)上文Studies have shown that to be bored is to be anxious可知此處選C。</p><p>　　4、【2011·上海卷】Section A</p><p>　　Directions: For each blank in the following passage the

92、re are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that fits the context. </p><p>　　Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and reta

93、ining(留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, ___50__, words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often __51___ the second half of the story. In the excitement of beatin

94、g off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business ---___52___ th</p><p>

95、;　　___53__ to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every

96、 years. In constantly changing __54___ , this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost.</p><p>　　Only now are organizations beginni

97、ng to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the __55___ implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big ___56___ in its performance. Research in the US found that a five per

98、cent decrease in the number of defecting(流失的) customers led to __57__ increases of between 25 and 85 per cent.</p><p>　　In the US, Domino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5,000 o

99、ver ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and __58__ never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in __59__ profits (more if you consider how many people t

100、hey are likely to tell about their bad experience).</p><p>　　The logic behind cultivating customer ___60___ is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customer

101、s, with little attention paid to __61__ them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’ School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits. __62__

102、 customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less pr</p><p>　　50. A. in particular B. in reality C. at least D. firs

103、t of all</p><p>　　51. A. emphasize B. doubt C. overlook D. believe</p><p>　　52. A. denyingB. ensuring C. arguing D. proving</p><p>　　53. A. Moving B. Hoping

104、 C. Starting D. Failing</p><p>　　54. A. markets B. tastes C. prices D. expenses</p><p>　　55. A. culture B. social C. financial D. economical</p><p>　　5

105、6. A. promise B. plan C. mistake D. difference</p><p>　　57. A. cost B. opportunity C. profit D. budget</p><p>　　58. A. as a result B. on the whole C. in conclusion

106、 D. on the contrary</p><p>　　59. A. huge B. potential C. extra D. reasonable </p><p>　　60. A. beliefsB. loyalty C. habits D. interest</p><p>　　61. A. altering

107、 B. understanding C. keeping D. attracting</p><p>　　62. A. Assumed B. Respected C. Established D. Unexpected</p><p>　　63. A. agreeable B. flexible C. friendly D. sen

108、sitive</p><p>　　64. A. unfair B. difficult C. essential D. convenient</p><p>　　【答案】50---54 BCBDA 55---59CDCAB 60----64BCCDB</p><p><b>　　5、(10·江蘇)</b&g