多馬達驅動機械外文翻譯

1、<p>　　The multi-motor drive</p><p>　　DESCRIPTION:</p><p>　　The present invention concerns a drive for an escalator, which drives the stair belt and is arranged on one or both sides of the e

2、scalator at the upper and/or the lower end thereof, wherein the drive comprises a main drive wheel and at least one motor with gear and brake components. </p><p>　　BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION </p><

3、;p>　　Different dispositions and constructional principles are known for escalator drives. Since the drive must be designed for the maximally occurring load, a relatively large and strongly dimensioned motor with a cor

4、responding gear is necessary. Poor efficiency at the mostly prevailing partial load and the large installation volume in the case of limited space availability within an escalator construction are disadvantages of such a

5、 drive. </p><p>　　These disadvantages are present to a lesser degree or not at all with multi-motor drives. Such a drive for escalators and walkways, which comprises two individual drives or two twin drives,

6、 the output gearwheels of which drive the stair chain or the plate chain and, by way of an additional gear, the handrail, is known from DE 35 26 905. </p><p>　　Such a construction is executed in different va

7、riants and correspondingly comprises a number of different gears and gear housings for the stair chain drive or the plate chain drive. Furthermore, the individual drives are equipped with planetary gears, which causes re

8、latively high costs. </p><p>　　The object of the present invention is to create an improved multi-motor drive for escalators, which can be implemented at favorable costs, which may be built up in a modular m

9、anner, and which covers a usual performance range. </p><p>　　BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION </p><p>　　The drive according to the present invention distinguishes itself by several constructio

10、nally identical drive units being mountable distributed at the circumference of a main drive wheel, whereby the main drive wheel or its toothing need be dimensioned only for loading by a single drive unit. The main drive

11、 wheel itself thus can have a smaller width, which is of great advantage for the accommodation of the drive parts in the case of an escalator. </p><p>　　The drive units, in a number corresponding with power

12、requirements, may be flange-mounted to a main gear housing identical for all performance classes. This simplifies the production process for the entire constructional series, reduces the inventory and facilitates mainten

13、ance and repairs. The drive units are provided with torque transmitters and/or rotational speed transmitters for recognition of their mechanical loading. </p><p>　　Each of the drive units can furthermore be

14、provided with a clutch which makes a selectable switching-in or switching-out of a drive unit possible. The drive further comprises a frequency-setting device which is common to all drive units and by means of which diff

15、erent speeds can be set and which also serves as a starting aid. A control and regulating unit produces corresponding control and regulating commands by the processing of incoming data. The control and regulating unit ca

16、uses the switchin</p><p>　　The use of polyphase alternating current squirrel-cage motors of variable frequency and their associated control has the advantage that high torques can be produced at low rotation

17、al speeds. </p><p>　　BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS </p><p>　　The invention is explained more closely in the following with the aid of an illustrative example of an embodiment thereof and is

18、illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein: </p><p>　　FIG. 1 shows an escalator with a drive according to the invention at the upper end of the escalator; </p><p>　　FIG. 2 shows the drive

19、 with drive units flange-mounted on a main gear transversely to the direction of travel of the escalator; </p><p>　　FIG. 3 shows the drive with drive units flange-mounted on a main gear longitudinally of the

20、 direction of travel of the escalator; </p><p>　　FIG. 4 shows a three-dimensional illustration of the drive arrangement according to FIG. 2; </p><p>　　FIG. 5 shows a three-dimensional illustrati

21、on of the drive arrangement according to FIG. 3; and </p><p>　　FIG. 6 shows a block schematic diagram and functional diagram of the drive with all associated components. </p><p>　　DETAILED DESCR

22、IPTION OF THE INVENTION </p><p>　　FIG. 1 shows an escalator 1 with an upper end 2, below which drive units denoted by 7 and a part of a stair chain 3 are visible. </p><p>　　FIG. 2 shows the deta

23、ils of a drive, which is installed within a carrying structure 9 at the upper end 2 of the escalator 1. Three identically constructed drive units 7 drive a toothed main drive wheel 6 by way of an output gearwheel 7.6 and

24、 an intermediate gearwheel 21, and are arranged and distributed about the circumference of the main drive wheel 6. The main drive wheel 6, together with a stair chain wheel 5, are fastened on the main shaft 4 of the driv

25、e. The drive units 7 are firmly connect</p><p>　　As example of a variant, FIG. 3 shows an arrangement of the drive units 7 parallel to the direction of movement of the escalator 1. In this manner of arrangem

26、ent, the drive units 7 additionally comprise a bevel gear 7.3. Motor 7.1, clutch 7.2, brake 7.4, flywheel 7.5 and the output gearwheel 7.6, which are otherwise constructionally identical with and incorporated in the driv

27、e units 7 of FIG. 2, are present for each drive unit 7. The main gear housing 8 is likewise always the same for one, two o</p><p>　　FIG. 4 is a spatial illustration of the drive according to FIG. 2 within th

28、e carrying structure 9 of the escalator 1. Two stair elements 22 are illustrated in addition to the elements shown in the preceding illustrations. </p><p>　　FIG. 5 is a similar spatial illustration of the dr

29、ive according to FIG. 3 within the carrying structure 9 of escalator 1. The two stair elements 22 are likewise additionally shown. </p><p>　　The function and operation of the multi-motor drive according to t

30、he invention is to be explained more closely in the following by reference to FIG. 6. The current supply of the drive takes place as usual from local three-phase current mains 13 with phases R, S and T which are led to a

31、 main switch 14. Following thereon, the entire drive is connected through a main relay or several relays 15. There then follows a frequency-setting device 16, which by way of a relay control 23 with the relays S1, </p

32、><p>　　A control and regulating unit 10 contains microprocessor and relay control components, as well as signal and data inputs and outputs. First input data line 18.1 supplies speed values from the speed trans

33、mitter 19, which are fed as actual values to an internal regulating section. The second group of input data lines 18.2 provide measurement values from the torque transmitters 20 and, through appropriate processing, cause

34、 the switching-in and switching-out of individual drive modules 7. A third gr</p><p>　　The multi-motor drive according to the invention functions as following: </p><p>　　During starting-up of th

35、e escalator 1, the relay 15 for the drive is switched on, the frequency-setting device 16 is run up and at least one drive module 7 is switched on by way of the relay control 23 by the control and regulating unit 10 acco

36、rding to the choice of direction and a start-up program. On reaching the target speed, the drive regulation in the control and regulating unit 10 holds the speed of travel of the escalator 1 constant within close limits

37、independently of the load. During th</p><p>　　In the case of low or no loading by transported persons, the drive power of the first motor M1 may suffice, and the further motors M2 to Mn remain switched off.

38、If a full loading with a tendency to lasting overload is signalled by the torque transmitter L1, the next motor M2 is switched on after a defined time. The signals from the two torque transmitters L1 and L2 are now monit

39、ored in the control and regulating unit 10 and a further, not illustrated motor M3 may be switched in according to anal</p><p>　　The procedure is reversed when the mechanical loading drops. The no longer nee

40、ded motors 7.1 are then switched off in the sequence beginning with the motor Mn switched on last. If a uniform wear of the drive modules 7 is desired, this can be taken into consideration by way of an additional measure

41、ment of the switched-on times of the individual drive modules 7 and the individual drive modules 7 can thus be switched on and off selectably and not according to an always identical sequence. </p><p>　　As a

42、lready mentioned, the number of the drive modules 7 is not limited to the illustrated three items. Drive modules 7 produced in large quantities can be very favorable in price, so that it could be feasible to provide a gr

43、eater number, for example 4 to 6, drive modules 7. With appropriately adapted control programs in the control and regulating unit 10, the greater amount of data resulting therefrom can be processed without problems. <

44、/p><p>　　The use of direct current motors for the drive modules 7 is also possible in principle with appropriately-adapted control and regulating techniques as known in the art. Alternating current motors with

45、squirrel cage armatures are preferably used because of their simple mode of construction and ease of service. Moreover, efficient and likewise cheap frequency-setting devices or frequency converters are available. </p

46、><p>　　Normal spur gearwheels, by means of which an optimum mechanical efficiency is achieved, may be used for the drive arrangement according to FIG. 2. Cone wheel gears, by means of which a practically equal

47、efficiency is achieved by comparison with spur gearwheels, are advantageously used as bevel gears 7.3 for the drive arrangement according to FIG. 3. </p><p>　　The main gear housing 8 can be so constructed th

48、at both drive arrangements, those according to FIG. 2 as well as those according to FIG. 3, can be realized. The main drive housing 8 then correspondingly has twice as many flange-connecting openings 24. The intermediate

49、 gearwheels 21 can be the same at the same position for both drive arrangements. </p><p>　　The drive arrangement according to the invention can also be used for other kinds of conveying equipment, for exampl

50、e for walkways and mercalators in horizontal and oblique construction</p><p><b>　　多馬達驅動</b></p><p>　　簡介：該發(fā)明針對自動扶梯的驅動，發(fā)動機驅動臺階彎曲，被布置在自動扶梯的一邊或兩邊，在扶梯的上端或下端，其中驅動機構包括一組主驅動輪和至少一個備用發(fā)動機以及制動部件

51、。</p><p><b>　　該發(fā)明的背景：</b></p><p>　　對于自動扶梯的驅動有不同的排列和結構準則，由于驅動必須根據(jù)最大實際載荷量設計，因此必須有一個相對大些和強勁的馬達和與之相匹配的齒輪，然而，當在有限的可用空間安裝自動扶梯是，這種驅動方法有如下缺點，在普通承載部分載荷時效率低，設備占用空間大。若采用多馬達驅動，這些缺點將會一定程度的改善甚至完全消

52、除。對于自動扶梯或走廊。該驅動包括兩個獨立或相同驅動，驅動臺階鏈或平面鏈的輸出齒輪，還有一個額外的變速箱和扶手，由DE3526905可知。這種建設方法有很多變型，對于階梯鏈或平面鏈，需要有許多不同的齒輪和齒輪箱。</p><p>　　還有，這種分別驅動裝備行星輪，導致較高的成本，該發(fā)明的目標是創(chuàng)造一種方法，以較低的成本模塊化建設的方法，更廣泛的的應用空間。</p><p><b>

53、;　　簡述該發(fā)明：</b></p><p>　　由此發(fā)明，該驅動由多個相同單元，分布在主驅動輪的周圍，因此主驅動輪或其邊齒僅需要根據(jù)每一驅動單元的負載計算。主驅動輪因此可以減少齒寬，這對于自動扶梯驅動機構的安裝是很有利。驅動單元的數(shù)目由動力需求確定。為了滿足所有的性能需求，主齒輪箱可能需要安裝凸像。</p><p>　　這能夠簡化自動扶梯這個建設過程的施工進程，削減庫存和設備的

54、維護和修理。驅動單元配有扭矩傳遞裝置或轉速傳感器，可以顯示其機械載荷，每個驅動單元還配有離合器，其可以選擇合閘或斷閘，還配有導頻率裝置，可以設置不同的速度，也可以作為啟動輔助設備?？刂普{節(jié)單元根據(jù)輸出信息發(fā)出相關的調控指令，還根據(jù)扭矩傳遞裝置的實際載荷數(shù)據(jù)控制各個驅動單元的開關，以此可以提高電力和機械效率，從而降低能源消耗。鼠籠式多相交流變頻電機的使用和相關控制可以實現(xiàn)在低圓周速度時產(chǎn)生大扭矩。</p><p>

55、<b>　　示意插圖簡述：</b></p><p>　　通過以下具體設備的插圖，可以更細致地說明本說明，如下圖，其中，</p><p>　　FIG1表示本驅動布置在上端的自動扶梯</p><p>　　FIG2由進過凸像安裝處理的驅動單元組成的驅動，主動輪橫向地朝著自動扶梯的運動方向。</p><p>　　FIG3由進過凸

56、像安裝處理的驅動單元組成的驅動，主動輪縱向地朝著自動扶梯的運動方向。</p><p>　　FIG4表示根據(jù)FIG2的驅動裝置的三維示意圖。</p><p>　　FIG5表示根據(jù)FIG3的驅動裝置的三維示意圖。</p><p>　　FIG6本驅動的所有相關部件的方框圖和邏輯圖。</p><p><b>　　本發(fā)明的詳細描述：</

57、b></p><p>　　FIG1表示自動扶梯1和2的上端，記為7的驅動單位的下面和階梯鏈3的一部分是可見的。</p><p>　　FIG2安裝了傳輸結構9的驅動的細節(jié)，在自動扶梯1的上端2,3個同樣安裝的驅動單元。7驅動主驅動輪6、通過輸出齒輪6、7和中間齒輪21.被布置在主驅動輪6的周圍。主驅動輪6和二階梯齒輪5、被固定在驅動的主軸4上通過三個平面凸像連接孔24，驅動單元7被牢固

58、的連接在主齒輪箱8當需要少于3個驅動單元7時，多余的凸像連接孔24可以被蓋子關閉，不再插入相關中間齒輪21.通過該結構相同的主齒輪箱8可以根據(jù)需要使用1個、2個或3個驅動單元7.驅動單元7的輪軸被縱向的安裝在自動扶梯1的運動方向上，以此可以節(jié)省空間。</p><p>　　作為一種變型體的實例，F(xiàn)IG3表示了將驅動單元7平行于自動扶梯1運動方向的設計方法，通過此設計，驅動單元7又還包括一個斜齒輪7.3馬達1，離合器

59、7.2，制動器7.4，飛輪7.5，輸出齒輪7.6他們被同樣安裝，并入FIG2所示的驅動單元7，每個驅動單元7都是如此。1個、2個或3個驅動單元7的主齒輪箱8都是一樣，多余的凸像連接孔24也可以被蓋子關閉。FIG4是根據(jù)FIG2所示的驅動的三維立體示意圖。除了在此的示意圖已表示的階梯原件還有兩個階梯元件22.FIG5表示據(jù)FIG3的驅動和自動扶梯1的傳輸結構9的三維立體示意圖。借助接下來的FIG6更詳盡的解釋了此發(fā)明中的多馬達驅動的功能和

60、操作。驅動的電流供應通向主開關14通常是當?shù)赜蠷、S、T三相。在此之上，整個驅動通過一個主繼電器或幾個15連接，在緊接著看有一個導頻率裝置16，導頻率裝置通過繼電器控制23的中繼站S1、 S2，到Sn給驅動橫塊7的馬達7.1（M1，M2到Mn）供給以變頻交流電并控制驅動的旋轉方向。馬達（M1，M2到Mn）經(jīng)由齒輪7.3輸出齒輪7.6和中間齒輪21連接到主驅動輪6，此前已描述，在此不再贅述，為了測量馬達（M1，M2</p>

61、<p>　　控制調節(jié)單元10包含微處理器和繼電器控制部件，也有信號和屬雞的輸入和輸出，一個內(nèi)部調節(jié)部件把實際值傳遞給速度傳感器19顯示出來通過第一輸入數(shù)據(jù)鏈18.1，第二輸入數(shù)據(jù)鏈18.2提供來自扭轉傳感器20的測量值，通過合適的程序，對每個驅動模塊7發(fā)出開關指令。第三組輸入數(shù)據(jù)鏈18.3提供來自傳感器11.關于安全觸頭控制和開關的操作模塊的數(shù)據(jù)。第一組輸出數(shù)據(jù)鏈17.1傳向繼電器15和導頻率裝置16.第二組輸出數(shù)據(jù)鏈17.2

62、包括給繼電控制器23的控制信號，第三組~17.3為光學信號控制傳感器和照明12提供數(shù)據(jù)。</p><p>　　多發(fā)驅動運轉方式如下：</p><p>　　自動扶梯1啟動時，驅動的繼電器15啟動，導頻率設備16運轉，至少一個驅動模塊7根據(jù)方向和模式的選擇由調控單元10通過傳感控制器23啟動。On reading一在達到目標速度是，調控單元10的驅動調節(jié)將自動扶梯1的速度維持在接近獨自負荷的極

63、限。來自扭矩傳感器20的輸入數(shù)據(jù)鏈18.2，提供關于開動的驅動模塊7（M1，M2到Mn）的機械載荷量的信息。當較少或沒有人員被傳送時，第一馬達M1的驅動力可能足夠，那么發(fā)動機馬達M2到 Mn保持關閉。如果扭據(jù)傳感器L1監(jiān)測到滿負荷并有持續(xù)過載的趨勢，馬達M2在規(guī)定的時間后開啟，來自兩個扭轉傳感器L1和 L2的信號現(xiàn)在被調控單元10監(jiān)測，根據(jù)模擬標準當載荷超過馬達M1和M2的在和極限值時，馬達M3可以啟動。插圖中記為Mn的第三個馬達是為了

64、表明按照規(guī)則更多數(shù)目的驅動模塊7可以被提供，然而為了實用和經(jīng)濟，驅動模塊7的數(shù)目可能被嚴格控制在三個，至多四個。當機械載荷量下降時，則進程反之。不再被需要的馬達7.1關閉依次直到最后啟動的馬達Mn如果需要一個均勻磨損的驅動模塊7，這就需要考慮到一個對每個驅動模塊7啟動次數(shù)的測算，因此可以有選擇的開閉而不是按一個相同的列序</p><p>　　如已所述，驅動模塊7的數(shù)目無需限定于已說明的三個，批量生產(chǎn)的驅動模塊7可

65、以價格更加優(yōu)惠，以致可以靈活選擇更多的數(shù)目，例如4到6個驅動模塊7處理更大數(shù)量的數(shù)據(jù)。經(jīng)過適當調整的調控程序可以無誤的調控單元10中。在驅動模塊7中也可以經(jīng)過適當改進的調控技術工藝的直流電機。</p><p>　　鼠籠式交流電機更好使用由于其便于建設和使用方便，還有高效且相對便宜的導頻率設備或頻率轉換器是可以使用的。正常的直齒輪可以達到最佳的機械效率，根據(jù)FIG2可以用于驅動布置。2錐齒輪，可以達到基本相當?shù)男?/p>