氣動(dòng)馬達(dá)的設(shè)計(jì)與研究外文翻譯

1、<p>　　氣動(dòng)馬達(dá)的設(shè)計(jì)與研究</p><p>　　杜長龍 楊善國 楊秀</p><p>　?。C(jī)電材料工程學(xué)院 中國礦業(yè)科技大學(xué)，蘇州，221008，中國）</p><p>　　摘要：氣動(dòng)馬達(dá)是將壓力能轉(zhuǎn)換為機(jī)械能的能量轉(zhuǎn)換裝置，特點(diǎn)為防爆、負(fù)載安全、絕不燒損、無段速度控制、緊急動(dòng)力驅(qū)動(dòng)、瞬間正逆轉(zhuǎn)向、安裝靈活、可在電動(dòng)馬達(dá)、油壓馬達(dá)、步進(jìn)馬達(dá)、伺服馬

2、達(dá)不適用場合下使用。多種減速比可供選配。結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、體積小、重量輕、操作容易、維修方便。廣泛用于攪拌設(shè)備、涂裝設(shè)備、食品藥物包裝、研磨機(jī)、礦井設(shè)備及自動(dòng)生產(chǎn)線等設(shè)備上。</p><p>　　在對現(xiàn)今氣動(dòng)葉片電機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)原理分析的基礎(chǔ)上, ,我們提出了氣動(dòng)葉輪液壓馬達(dá)這一設(shè)想，并對此進(jìn)行了研究。MFT80Y類型的氣動(dòng)馬達(dá)的構(gòu)造原理，是旋轉(zhuǎn)剪切機(jī)制研究的新項(xiàng)目。它整合了氣動(dòng)葉片電機(jī)以及行星齒輪減速裝置。旋轉(zhuǎn)剪切機(jī)制的數(shù)學(xué)模

3、型力求優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)，按照MATLAB優(yōu)化工具箱的指令而繪制。MFT80Y類型的氣動(dòng)馬達(dá)的性能，設(shè)計(jì)優(yōu)化，經(jīng)現(xiàn)場試驗(yàn)。 </p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞: 錨桿鉆機(jī) , 氣動(dòng)馬達(dá)、優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)</p><p><b>　　0.簡介</b></p><p>　　由于單電源，重量輕，輸出性能優(yōu)良等特點(diǎn)，氣動(dòng)錨桿鉆機(jī)已被廣泛應(yīng)用于礦井設(shè)備。根據(jù)氣動(dòng)馬達(dá)的不同

4、結(jié)構(gòu)，氣動(dòng)錨桿分為缸電機(jī)，齒輪電機(jī)，葉片電機(jī)三種類型。其中，葉片馬達(dá)類型結(jié)構(gòu)最優(yōu)。特點(diǎn)是：尺寸小，輸出功率大，低噪音，低扭矩脈動(dòng)。此外，在葉片頂端磨損和撕裂后，它還可以自動(dòng)延伸到補(bǔ)償。本文旨在設(shè)計(jì)及研究氣動(dòng)錨桿鉆機(jī)，在強(qiáng)調(diào)旋轉(zhuǎn)剪切機(jī)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)同時(shí)，介紹樣機(jī)的研究和工業(yè)性試驗(yàn)結(jié)果。</p><p><b>　　1.構(gòu)造原理</b></p><p>　　新設(shè)計(jì)的MFT-

5、80Y型氣動(dòng)錨桿鉆機(jī)馬達(dá)葉片如圖1所示。它主要構(gòu)成旋轉(zhuǎn)剪切機(jī)制，推進(jìn)機(jī)制和運(yùn)行機(jī)制。其中，旋轉(zhuǎn)剪切機(jī)制是由葉片氣動(dòng)電動(dòng)機(jī)，一個(gè)階段的行星齒輪箱和供水系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成。;推進(jìn)機(jī)制是由具有兩個(gè)玻璃纖維伸縮腿和輔助配件的三個(gè)階段構(gòu)成。運(yùn)行機(jī)制實(shí)行一體化操作處理。</p><p>　　圖1 MFT-80Y型錨桿鉆機(jī)</p><p>　　當(dāng)壓縮空氣通過操作閥門的運(yùn)行機(jī)制進(jìn)入葉片氣動(dòng)時(shí) ，MFT-80Y型錨桿

6、鉆機(jī)開始旋轉(zhuǎn)，進(jìn)入工作狀態(tài)。</p><p>　　2扶輪剪切機(jī)構(gòu)氣優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)</p><p>　　扶輪剪切機(jī)構(gòu)是氣動(dòng)錨桿鉆機(jī)的重要組成部分。為了使整個(gè)錨桿鉆機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，并完善其功能，以更好地滿足消費(fèi)者的實(shí)際需求，本文將采用現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)方法對扶輪剪切機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行參數(shù)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。    處于工作狀態(tài)的氣動(dòng)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速通常高達(dá)每分鐘旋轉(zhuǎn)幾千轉(zhuǎn)，而設(shè)計(jì)的扶輪剪切機(jī)構(gòu)輸出轉(zhuǎn)速是每分鐘

7、旋轉(zhuǎn)幾百轉(zhuǎn)。錨桿鉆機(jī)通常包括氣動(dòng)馬達(dá)和速度降低設(shè)備。本設(shè)計(jì)采用單一行為離子葉片氣動(dòng)電機(jī)和行星齒輪減速裝置。（如圖2所示）</p><p>　　圖2 RSM 的準(zhǔn)則</p><p>　　2.1目標(biāo)函數(shù)和設(shè)計(jì)變量</p><p>　　根據(jù)實(shí)際工程中應(yīng)用的離子要求,此設(shè)計(jì)以采用最低數(shù)量的扶輪剪切機(jī)構(gòu)為目標(biāo)。缸體的內(nèi)半徑構(gòu)成了氣缸的容量。氣缸的容量主要決定氣動(dòng)電機(jī)的尺寸和

8、量。太陽齒輪的體積和整個(gè)行星齒輪的體積和影響并決定行星齒輪箱的尺寸和量。那么V = V 1 + V2即可看作扶輪剪切機(jī)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的目標(biāo)功能。 即：</p><p>　　根據(jù)它的行星齒輪系統(tǒng)條件之間的關(guān)系，氣動(dòng)馬達(dá)的與齒輪箱輸出轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)力矩的位移關(guān)系公式，以及葉片氣動(dòng)馬達(dá)的位移公式公式如下：</p><p>　　在公式(1)和(2)中R,B、e、Z、p、分別是定子內(nèi)半徑，轉(zhuǎn)子寬度、偏心距離,葉片

9、數(shù)量、葉片厚度。表明氣動(dòng)馬達(dá)的輸入和輸出空氣壓力和容積效率之間的差別。m, b , Z a, c, T 分別代表齒輪模數(shù)、齒輪寬度、數(shù)目、數(shù)字太陽齒輪的行星齒輪、輸出力矩和剖析行星變速箱的效率。</p><p>　　通常情況下,有3個(gè)行星齒輪，所以獨(dú)立參數(shù)將會(huì)影響容量V，R, B，e,Z, m,b ,Za所以設(shè)計(jì)變量為：</p><p>　　目標(biāo)函數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)變量可以是:</p>

10、<p>　　2.2限制性條件2.2.1幾何限制（1）根據(jù)內(nèi)部半徑為R的定子，轉(zhuǎn)子寬度為B，葉片數(shù)，葉片厚度的經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式，幾何限制為：</p><p>　?。?）按不削弱齒輪，齒輪寬度，相鄰的行星齒輪限值條件，以及齒輪裝配條件，幾何約束條件為：</p><p>　　除上述幾何限制外，每個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)變量必須在零以下。</p><p><b>　　2.2.

11、2屬性限制</b></p><p>　　定子葉片氣動(dòng)馬達(dá)的運(yùn)用公式,可以寫作如下:</p><p>　　該公式中是葉片旋轉(zhuǎn)角。</p><p>　　（1） 氣動(dòng)馬達(dá)葉片的相對滑動(dòng)速度的限制性條件可以直接寫為：</p><p>　　(2)氣動(dòng)馬達(dá)的最高線速度的限制條件可直接寫為 : </p><p>　　

12、(3)聽覺接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度的限制：</p><p>　?。?）聽覺根彎曲疲勞強(qiáng)度的限制：</p><p>　　綜上所述,數(shù)學(xué)模型的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)就是一個(gè)最優(yōu)化的問題，它構(gòu)成8個(gè)變量,以及27個(gè)平等和不平等限制條件。如下所示：</p><p>　　基于以上優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)模型(3), 通過 MATLA工具箱，實(shí)現(xiàn)了扶輪剪切機(jī)構(gòu)參數(shù)最優(yōu)化。</p><p>　　3

13、.性能參數(shù)和工業(yè)測試</p><p>　　通過上述優(yōu)化方法，我們完成了MFT-80Y型葉片氣動(dòng)馬達(dá)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)性能參數(shù):(1)巖硬度< = 8;(2)工作氣壓0.40~ 0.63兆帕;(3)額定功率2.6千瓦;(4)額定的離子扭矩80KN;(5)最大扭矩120KN;(6)負(fù)荷離子速度0 ~ 750 轉(zhuǎn) /分鐘;(7)推動(dòng)力5 kN。</p><p>　　國內(nèi)兩家知名企業(yè)已對該樣機(jī)進(jìn)行了工業(yè)

14、測試，測試結(jié)果顯示的是:與同一類型的機(jī)器相比,它有如下特性：輸出功率大、噪音低、巖石鉆探能力強(qiáng)，鉆井速度快,操作簡單。由此可知，采用最優(yōu)方法設(shè)計(jì)的MFT-80Y類型葉片電機(jī)、結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，使用方便，工作性質(zhì)良好，結(jié)構(gòu)簡單而緊湊，,可應(yīng)用到煤礦等領(lǐng)域。</p><p><b>　　4 總結(jié)</b></p><p>　　(1)本文涉及的氣動(dòng)錨桿鉆機(jī)馬達(dá)葉片的優(yōu)點(diǎn)為：體積小、重

15、量輕，，結(jié)構(gòu)簡單,使用方便，運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定。是錨桿中的最優(yōu)類型。</p><p>　　(2)本品第一次整合葉片氣動(dòng)馬達(dá)與行星變速箱，并采用最優(yōu)設(shè)計(jì)方法達(dá)到參數(shù)最優(yōu)化，實(shí)現(xiàn)該產(chǎn)品的最優(yōu)設(shè)計(jì)。</p><p>　　(3)此試驗(yàn)表明采用最優(yōu)設(shè)計(jì)方法設(shè)計(jì)的產(chǎn)品取得了令人滿意的結(jié)果。</p><p><b>　　參考文獻(xiàn)：</b></p><

16、;p>　　[1]楊善國.錨桿鉆機(jī)氣動(dòng)葉片電機(jī)的研究[D]。徐州:中國礦業(yè)科技大學(xué).2001</p><p>　　[2] 杜長龍.錨桿鉆機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)與研制[J].中國礦業(yè)科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào).2002(1):92 ~ 95</p><p>　　[3]杜長龍.礦山機(jī)械的應(yīng)用程序和優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的數(shù)學(xué)模型 [M].北京:煤炭工業(yè)出版社,1998,124 ~ 13</p><p>　　

17、Design and research on pneumatic vane motor roofbolter</p><p>　　DU Changlong YANG Shanguo YANG Xiu</p><p>　?。–ollege of Mechatronic and Material Engineering， China University of Mining and T

18、echnology，Xuzhou 221008 China）</p><p>　　Abstract ：Pneumatic motor is will stress can convert mechanical device that converts energy characteristics for explosion-proof, load security, never burning, segmentl

19、ess speed control, emergency driving, instant are reversed to, installation flexible, can be in electric motors, hydraulic motor, stepping motor, servo motor not applicable occasions use. A variety of slow than available

20、 for selection. Simple structure, small volume, light weight, easy operation and easy maintenance. Widely used fo</p><p>　　On the basis of analysis of the present roofbolters structures, the pneumatic vane m

21、otor roofbolter was proposed and researched. Structure principle of MFT80Y type pneumatic vane motor roofbolter was expounded, a new project of the rotary shearing mechanism with integrating pneumatic vane motor with epi

22、cyclic reduction gear unit was carried out, the mathematical model for optimum design of the rotary shearing mechanism was set up, and the optimum design for the rotary shearing mechanism was made</p><p>　　K

23、eywords： roofbolter, pneumatic motor, optimum design </p><p>　　0.Introduction </p><p>　　Pneumatic roofbolter has now been widely used in the coal mine roadway roofbolting due to the features su

24、ch as excellent output property，single power and light weight，Pneumatic roofbolters are divided into three types which are cylinder motor type，gear motor type and vane motor type according to the different structure of t

25、he pneumatic motor。Among them，vane motor type is the optimum type of structure because it can output greater power with small dimension，and it can automatically extend to comp</p><p>　　Structure principle &l

26、t;/p><p>　　The newly designed MFT-80Y type vane motor pneumatic roofbolter is shown in fig.1. It mainly constitutes rotary shearing mechanism, propelling mechanism and operating mechanism. Among them, rotary sh

27、earing mechanism is made up by vane pneumatic motor, one stage planetary gearbox and water supply system; propelling mechanism is made up by three stages with two telescopic glass fibre pneumatic leg and auxiliary parts;

28、 operating mechanism is integration by combination valve and operating handle. </p><p>　　Fig.1 MFT-80Y type roofbolter</p><p>　　When its working, the compressed air enters the vane pneumatic mot

29、or via the operating valve of the operating mechanism, makes it rotate, reduces the speed via one stage planet, and powers the roofbolting tip to drill the rock 5 at the same time W the compressed airenters the glass fib

30、re reinforced plastic pneumaticleg via the operation valve group to drive the drilling rods and tips upward。 then realizes the roofbolting hole formation R When drilling the rock and forming the hole。 hydrostatic w</p

31、><p>　　Rotary shearing mechanism ( RSM ) optimum design</p><p>　　RSM is the critical part of pneumatic roofbolter. In order to make the whole arrangement of roofbolter compact and improve the roofb

32、olter function so as to better meet the practical requirements of roofbolting, this article will make parameter optimum design on the RSM by the modern design method.</p><p>　　Because the working rotative ve

33、locity of the pneumatic motor is normally as high as several thousand rotation per minute, while the design output rotative velocity of the RSM is just several hundred rotation per minute, the RSM usually includes pneuma

34、tic motor and speed reducing equipment. This design adopts single act ion vane pneumatic motor and one stage epicyclic reduction pneumatic motor shown in Fig. 2). </p><p>　　Fig.2 RSM principle</p><

35、;p>　　2.1 Target function and design variables</p><p>　　According to the practical applicat ion requirement , this design takes the minimum volume of the RSM as target function, and considers each rict wit

36、h rest rict forms.</p><p>　　Because the cylinder volume V 1 which is formed by the stator w hose inside radius is R basically determines the dimensions and volume of pneumatic motor , and the sum of sun gear

37、 volume and the w hole planetary gear volume V2 can affect and determine the dimensions and volume of planetary gear box , then V = V 1+ V2 is taken as the target function of the RSM whole optimum design, that is</p&g

38、t;<p>　　According to the concentric condition of planetary gear system, the relationship formula between the displacement of pneumatic motor and gearbox output rotation torque, and displacement formula of single a

39、ction vane pneumatic motor, formula ( 1) is arranged as [ 1]</p><p>　　In the formula ( 1) and ( 2 ) , R , B , e, Z, p , are respectively the inside radius of the stator, rotor width, eccentric distance, vane

40、 number, vane thickness, the difference between input and output air pressure and volumetric efficiency of the pneumatic motor; m, b , Za, c, T , are respectively gear modulus, gear width, number of sun gear, number of

41、planetary gear, output torque and efficiency of planetary gearbox .</p><p>　　Normally the number of planetary gear is 3, so the independent parameters which will affect volume Vare R, B, e, Z, m, b, Za, so t

42、he design variables are selected as: </p><p>　　The target function indicated in design variables can be shown as: </p><p>　　2.2 Restrictive conditions</p><p>　　2.2.1 Heometric restr

43、ictions</p><p>　　(1) According to the experiential formula between stator inside radius R and eccentric distance。 the experiential formula between rotor width B and stator inside radius, vane number, and van

44、e thickness, the geometric restrictions are shown as:</p><p>　　(2) According to no undercut of gear, value limits of gear width, planetary gear adjoining Condition, and gear assembly condition, the geometric

45、 restriction conditions are shown as: </p><p>　　Except the above geometric restrictions， each design variable must be above zero that is:</p><p>　　2.2 .2 Property restrictions</p><p&

46、gt;　　Literature [1] grants the condition of vane none extricating from the stator of single action vane pneumatic motor, which is written as the following:</p><p>　　In the formula ：（ ） is the vane rotary a

47、ngle: </p><p>　　The restrictive condition of relative sliding velocity v of pneumatic motor vane in the rotor slot can be directly written as： </p><p>　　The restrictive condition of

48、highest line velocity of pneumatic motor rotor can be directly written as： </p><p>　　Hear face contact fatigue strength restriction：</p><p>　　Hear root bending fatigue strength restriction： &l

49、t;/p><p>　　To sum up， the optimum design mathematical model of RSM is an optimum problem that constitutes 8 design variables，27 inequality restrictions and an equality restriction. It can be indicated as：</p

50、><p>　　Based on the above optimum design model（3），The RSM parameters optimization is realized by MATLAB optimum toll box。 </p><p>　　3.Performance parameters and industrial test</p><p>

51、;　　The performance parameters of the MFT-80Y type vane motor pneumatic roofbolter which is finished with the above optimum method are: （1） Rock hardness＜＝ 8; （2）Working air pressure 0.40~ 0.63 MPa;（3）Rated power 2.6 kW;

52、 （4）Rated rotation torque 80 Nm;（5）Maximum torque 120 Nm; （6）load rotation speed 0~ 750 r/ min; （7） Propelling force 5 kN.</p><p>　　Industrial test has been carried out on the sample machine in Yao qiao Coal

53、 Mine of Datun Coal and Electric Company and in Zhang ji Coal Mine of Xuzhou Coal Mining Group. The test result s show s: compared with the same type of machines, it has the following characteristics such as great output

54、 power, low noise, strong rock drilling capability, rapid drilling speed, and excellent feeling when in operation. From this w e can say that MFT-80Y type vane motor pneumatic roofbolter which is finished </p><

55、;p>　　4 Conclusions</p><p>　　(1) The vane motor pneumatic roofbolter which this article concerns has the follow ing advantages as simplest ructure, convenient usage, small volume, light weight, stable ope

56、ration and rotation. It is the optimum type of roofbolters.</p><p>　　(2) This article integrates the vane pneumatic motor and planetary gearbox mechanism for the first time, and adopts the optimum design met

57、hod to carry out parameter optimization on it, so as to accomplish the optimum design of RSM and finish the product design of MFT80Y type vane motor pneumatic roofbolter.</p><p>　　References</p><p

58、>　　[1] Yang Shanguo.Research on the pneumatic vane motor roofbolter [D]. Xu zhou:China University of Mining and Technology.2001</p><p>　　[2] Du Changlong.Design and research on impactrotary roofbolter[ J]

59、. Journal of Uhina University of Mining ＆ Technology.2002(1):92~95</p><p>　　[3]DuChanglong.Application and mathematical model for optimum design of mine machinery[ M]. Beijing:Coal Industry Publishing House,