塑料模具cad集成技術(shù)外文翻譯

1、<p>　　畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯</p><p><b>　　機(jī)械與材料工程學(xué)院</b></p><p><b>　　二O一O年十一月</b></p><p>　　畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）外文翻譯</p><p>　　學(xué)生姓名：任元鑫 指導(dǎo)老師：丁 班級(jí)：機(jī)械與材料工程學(xué)院A0731班&

2、lt;/p><p>　　課題名稱：塑料模具CAD集成技術(shù)</p><p>　　內(nèi)容提要：通過(guò)分析計(jì)算機(jī)輔助注射模設(shè)計(jì)和制造的各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)中共享的技術(shù)和信息，本文揭示了注射模CAD的集成技術(shù)的根本內(nèi)涵，并提出了它的研究熱點(diǎn)和趨勢(shì)。</p><p><b>　　引言</b></p><p>　　模具CAD集成技術(shù)是一項(xiàng)重要的模具先進(jìn)

3、制造技術(shù), 是一項(xiàng)用高技術(shù)改造模具傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)的重要關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。從六五計(jì)劃開始,我國(guó)有許多模具企業(yè)采用CAD技術(shù), 特別是近年, CAD技術(shù)的應(yīng)用越來(lái)越普遍和深入, 大大縮短了模具設(shè)計(jì)周期,提高了制模質(zhì)量和復(fù)雜模具的制造能力。然而, 由于許多企業(yè)對(duì)模具CAD集成技術(shù)認(rèn)識(shí)不足, 投資帶有盲目性, 不能很好地發(fā)揮作用,造成了很大的浪費(fèi)。本文就塑料模具CAD集成技術(shù)及其應(yīng)用發(fā)表一些觀點(diǎn), 供大家參考。</p><p>　　1

4、、塑料模具CAD集成技術(shù)</p><p>　　塑料模具的制造, 包括塑料產(chǎn)品的造型設(shè)計(jì)、模具的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及分析、模具的數(shù)控加工(銑削、電加工、線切割等)、拋光和配試模以及快速成形制造等。各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)所涉及的CAD單元技術(shù)有:造型和結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)(CAD)、產(chǎn)品外形的快速反求(RE)、結(jié)構(gòu)分析與優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)(CAE)、輔助制造(CAM)、加工過(guò)程虛擬仿真(SIMULATION)、產(chǎn)品及模具的快速成形(RP)、輔助工藝過(guò)程(CAPP

5、)和產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)管理技術(shù)(PDM)等。塑料模具CAD集成技術(shù),  就是把塑料模具制造過(guò)程所涉及的各項(xiàng)單元技術(shù)集成起來(lái), 統(tǒng)一數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和文件傳輸格式, 實(shí)現(xiàn)信息集成和數(shù)據(jù)資源共享, 從而大大縮短模具的設(shè)計(jì)制造周期, 提高制模質(zhì)量。</p><p>　　2、塑料產(chǎn)品的CAD設(shè)計(jì)與外形的快速反求</p><p>　　進(jìn)行塑料模具設(shè)計(jì)制造的第一步是塑件產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)。傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)方法是設(shè)計(jì)者對(duì)產(chǎn)品

6、的三維構(gòu)思用二維平面圖紙表達(dá)出來(lái), 圖紙上標(biāo)明工藝及施工方法,這種方法決定了所設(shè)計(jì)圖形的簡(jiǎn)單性及不能直接控制制造質(zhì)量?，F(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)方法是設(shè)計(jì)者在電腦上直接建立產(chǎn)品的三維模型,根據(jù)產(chǎn)品三維模型進(jìn)行模具結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),再根據(jù)模具結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)三維模型進(jìn)行加工編程及編制工藝計(jì)劃。這種方法使產(chǎn)品模型設(shè)計(jì)、模具結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、加工編程及工藝設(shè)計(jì)都以3D數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ), 實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)共享, 不僅能快速提高設(shè)計(jì)效率, 而且能保證質(zhì)量, 降低成本。電腦塑件產(chǎn)品模型的來(lái)源有

7、三種: 利用CAD系統(tǒng)軟件進(jìn)行產(chǎn)品模型設(shè)計(jì)、利用實(shí)物測(cè)量進(jìn)行快速反求建模、利用其它CAD系統(tǒng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)格式文件。針對(duì)這三種產(chǎn)品模型的來(lái)源方式, 目前已研究出各種技術(shù)來(lái)提高產(chǎn)品模型的設(shè)計(jì)效率和質(zhì)量。下面進(jìn)一步分析各種技術(shù)的內(nèi)涵和特點(diǎn)。利用CAD系統(tǒng)軟件進(jìn)行產(chǎn)品模型設(shè)計(jì),其技術(shù)主要包括二維幾何圖形的繪制、二維參數(shù)化圖形的設(shè)計(jì)、三維實(shí)體造型設(shè)計(jì)、三維特征造型設(shè)計(jì)、三維參數(shù)化實(shí)體造型設(shè)計(jì)、三維曲面造型設(shè)計(jì)、空間自由造型設(shè)計(jì)、產(chǎn)品的外觀渲染、產(chǎn)品的動(dòng)

8、態(tài)廣告設(shè)計(jì)等等。這些軟件有許多典型的代表。二</p><p>　　3、模具的CAD設(shè)計(jì)與分析</p><p>　　模具的CAD設(shè)計(jì)、分析, 包括根據(jù)產(chǎn)品模型進(jìn)行模具分型面的設(shè)計(jì)、確定型腔和型芯、模具結(jié)構(gòu)的詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)、塑料充填過(guò)程分析等幾個(gè)方面。利用先進(jìn)的特征造型軟件如PRO/E、UGII等很容易地確定分型面, 生成上下模腔和模芯, 再進(jìn)行流道、澆口以及冷卻水管的布置等。確定了這些設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)以后

9、, 再利用模具分析軟件, 如MOLDFLOW、CFLOW進(jìn)行塑料的成形過(guò)程分析。根據(jù)MOLDFOLW軟件和它的豐富的材料、工藝數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù), 通過(guò)輸入成形工藝參數(shù),可動(dòng)態(tài)仿真分析塑料在注塑模腔內(nèi)的注射過(guò)程流動(dòng)情況(含多澆口注射時(shí)的塑料匯流紋分析)、分析溫度壓力變化情況、分析注塑件殘余應(yīng)力等, 根據(jù)分析情況來(lái)檢查模具結(jié)構(gòu)的合理性、流動(dòng)狀態(tài)的合理性、產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量問(wèn)題等。比如是否存在澆注系統(tǒng)不合理, 出現(xiàn)流道和澆口位置尺寸不當(dāng), 無(wú)法平衡充滿型腔;

10、是否存在產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)不合理或模具結(jié)構(gòu)不合理, 出現(xiàn)產(chǎn)品充不滿(即短射現(xiàn)象); 是否冷卻不均勻, 影響生產(chǎn)效率和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量; 是否存在注塑工藝不對(duì), 出現(xiàn)產(chǎn)品的翹曲變形等。模具通過(guò)CAD設(shè)計(jì)和分析, 就可以將錯(cuò)誤消除在設(shè)計(jì)階段, 提高一次試模成功率。在塑料模具設(shè)計(jì)和分析這一階段應(yīng)用了許多新</p><p>　　4、模具的CAM技術(shù)的應(yīng)用、加工仿真及制造</p><p>　　模具的計(jì)算機(jī)輔助制造(C

11、AM)技術(shù)主要應(yīng)用在數(shù)控銑削加工、線切割加工、電火花加工等方面。CAM技術(shù)尤其是在復(fù)雜模具的型腔、型芯及電極的銑削加工中起著更加重要的作用。其主要的技術(shù)特點(diǎn)包括:  (1) 粗、精加工刀具軌跡的優(yōu)化規(guī)劃和NC指令的產(chǎn)生, (2) 刀具種類 、特性和材料庫(kù)的建立, (3) 切削加工工藝參數(shù)的確定, (4) 普通切削和高速切削加工的特性控制, (5) 過(guò)切檢查與加工表面的精度控制, (6) 加工過(guò)程的電腦實(shí)體仿真切削, (7)電腦

12、控制數(shù)控機(jī)床的DNC技術(shù)及群控技術(shù)的應(yīng)用等等。在CAM技術(shù)的應(yīng)用中特別需要CAD三維產(chǎn)品模型數(shù)據(jù)。較多的專業(yè)電腦編程軟件如MASTERCAM、UNIMOD、CIMATRON等在多曲面的編程加工時(shí)對(duì)產(chǎn)品的曲面模型有較高的要求,如相鄰曲面的U、V方向的一致性、曲面與曲面的高精度擬合、曲面斜率連續(xù)變化等。在高級(jí)CAD/CAM一體化系統(tǒng)中(如UGII、PRO/E),由于利用了參數(shù)化特征造型設(shè)計(jì)和同一數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)技術(shù), 使得產(chǎn)品模型數(shù)據(jù)、模具的型腔和型

13、芯模型數(shù)據(jù)、刀具軌跡數(shù)據(jù)有著內(nèi)在的聯(lián)系, 產(chǎn)品模型的修改刀具軌跡亦自動(dòng)修改。模具加工實(shí)體仿真技術(shù)越來(lái)越成熟</p><p>　　5、塑料產(chǎn)品及其模具的快速成形制造</p><p>　　塑料產(chǎn)品及其模具用電腦CAD技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)完成后,可通過(guò)快速成形技術(shù)來(lái)制造。這是一種全新概念的制造技術(shù),它摒棄了傳統(tǒng)的機(jī)械加工方法。其成形原理是將三維CAD實(shí)體模型離散成設(shè)定厚度的一系列片層數(shù)據(jù), 利用激光成形機(jī)或

14、其它成形設(shè)備讀取這些數(shù)據(jù),用材料添加法技術(shù),依次將每層堆積起來(lái)成形。這一技術(shù)稱為快速自動(dòng)成形技術(shù)(Rapid Prototype)。它也是CAD集成技術(shù)的重要組成部分。第一臺(tái)快速成形設(shè)備于1987年在美國(guó)3D公司誕生, 由于其特點(diǎn)是與制造的產(chǎn)品的復(fù)雜程度無(wú)關(guān), 給制造業(yè)帶來(lái)巨大的震動(dòng)。此后十年, 快速成形技術(shù)得到飛速發(fā)展, 設(shè)備的種類也層出不窮,  從材料固化方法可分為激光和非激光燒結(jié)法(SLS)、固體表層造型法(SGC)、層

15、片制造法(LOM)、熔化沉積法(FDM)、選區(qū)粘結(jié)法(DSPC)、激光氣相沉積法(SALD)等。各種方法特點(diǎn)是: SLA法是最早應(yīng)用的快速成形技術(shù),初期市場(chǎng)占有較大的分額,但由于材料范圍窄,成本較高, 成形件耐熱、耐負(fù)荷和著色能力低, 近年逐漸被其它方法所代替。FDM法由于成形速度快,成本低,在塑料產(chǎn)品行業(yè)中得到較好的應(yīng)用, 由于零件的尺寸小,精度差,也受到一</p><p>　　6、模具CAD集成技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)

16、</p><p>　　綜上所述, 模具CAD集成技術(shù)就是應(yīng)用于模具制造各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)的計(jì)算機(jī)輔助技術(shù)和實(shí)現(xiàn)各環(huán)節(jié)信息集成的技術(shù)。顯然,信息集成與數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)一管理是關(guān)鍵。產(chǎn)品的信息是貫穿于設(shè)計(jì)、分析、加工、檢測(cè)、裝配等各個(gè)階段,實(shí)現(xiàn)各環(huán)節(jié)信息的流暢、解決數(shù)據(jù)格式的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化及數(shù)據(jù)維護(hù)與共享是未來(lái)CAD集成技術(shù)發(fā)展的重點(diǎn)。PDM系統(tǒng)的出現(xiàn)為解決這一問(wèn)題帶來(lái)了曙光。PDM系統(tǒng)的實(shí)施是模具企業(yè)應(yīng)用CAD集成技術(shù)的重要課題。在模具的設(shè)計(jì)

17、制造方面,含有豐富專家知識(shí)的智能化模具CAD/CAM系統(tǒng)的研究、高速切削加工及其編程等是未來(lái)研究發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)。</p><p>　　The molding tool CAD gathers the technique</p><p>　　Contents brief summary: Pass to analyze the calculator the assistance inject t

18、he mold design with make in the each link commonly shared of technique with information, this text announces to public to inject the mold CAD gathers technical and basic content, and the research heat that put forward it

19、 orders with trend.</p><p><b>　　preface</b></p><p>　　The molding tool CAD gathers the technique is an important molding tool forerunner manufacturing technique, is the item reforms w

20、ith the high technique traditional technical and important key in molding tool technique. From 6 5 plan beginning,Our country contain many molding tools business enterprise adoption CAD technique, especially recent years

21、, the technical application in CAD is more and more widespread with thorough, shortened consumedly molding tool design period,Increases to make the mol</p><p>　　1, the plastics molding tool CAD gathers techn

22、ique</p><p>　　The manufacturing of the plastics molding tool comtains the construction design of the shape design, molding tool and the number of the analysis, molding tools that include the plastics product

23、s control to process( ϳÏ÷ , electricity process, the line incises etc.), throw the light with go together with to try the mold and take shape manufacturing etc. quickly.The each link a CAD for involv

24、ing unit technique has:The shape design( CAD) with the construction, fast anti of the product shape beg( RE</p><p>　　2, the CAD design of the plastics product begs with fast anti of the shape</p><

25、p>　　The plastics molding tool that proceed the square one designs the manufacturing is the design of the ËÜ a product.The traditional product design method is a design to product of three άs conce

26、ive outline to use two ά plane chart papers expresses to come out, marking clearly the craft and starting construction the method on the diagram paper, hod comes to a decision the simple of a design sketch and

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30、ld Ç» with mold о , then the proceeding flows a way, sprinkle a people</p><p>　　4, the technical application in CAM of the molding tool</p><p>　　process to imitate true and

31、manufacturingThe calculator assistance manufacturing( CAM) technique of the molding tool applies primarily in the aspects of counting to control &Iu ml;³Ï÷ processing, line incising to process, electri

32、city spark processing to wait.The technique of CAM rises in the type Ç» , type о of the complicated molding tool and the ϳÏ÷ of the electrodes process particularly more important

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35、 model has the track to also modify automatically.The molding tool processes the entity imitates the true technique more and more mature, also is more and more valued by people.It is mimicry machine bed that proces</p

36、><p>　　5, plastics product and its molding tools take shape the manufacturing quickly</p><p>　　Plastics product and its molding tools use the computer CAD technique design after completing, can pas

37、s the fleetness take shape the technique make.This is the manufacturing technique of a kind of all new concept, It abandoned the traditional machine processes the method.Its take shape principle is three ά CAD

38、 entity models are long-lost set up a series of a layer data of the thickness, make use of the laser take shape machine or others take shape the equipments read these datas,Increase the me</p><p>　　The first

39、 pedestal takes shape the equipments quickly to bear in the United States a company in 1987, because of its characteristics is to has nothing to do with the complicated degree of the product of the manufacturing, bringin

40、g the manufacturing industry the enormous vibration.Henceforth decade,Take shape quickly the technique be flown to develop soon, the category of the equipments also piles up one after another,Turn from the material ¹

41、;Ì the method can is divided into the laser with not the</p><p>　　According to above take shape the method characteristics, take shape the technical function quickly to consist in primarily:The manufact

42、uring useds for the design with the on trial product model, make to used for the small the molding tool that batch quantity produce to process with the special spare parts in small batch quantity.Take shape the product m

43、odel of the technique manufacturing quickly in the aspects of material the ratio tradition processes the product model of the method manufacturi</p><p>　　Take shape the technique creation molding tool quickl

44、y to model the equipments with the product, all is STL to read CAD system creation or CLI etc. document format datas，Different document format data to the product accuracy of the creation contain bigger margin, therefore

45、, study the system of CAD to take shape quickly the document format of the equipments output to have the very important meaning.</p><p>　　6, the molding tool CAD gathers technical development trend</p>

46、<p>　　A calculator for saying, molding tool CAD gathering technique is applying in molding tool making each link assistance technique on the ×Û with each link information that realizes the technique gath

47、ers.Obviously,The information gathers unify with data the management is a key.The information of the product is to pierces through in the design, analyze, process, examine, assemble a stage,Fluency, solution data format