不同視域中的演繹推理——以直言三段論為例.pdf

1、河北大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文不同視域中的演繹推理——以直言三段論為例姓名：成曉麗申請學(xué)位級(jí)別：碩士專業(yè)：馬克思主義哲學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師：張小燕20070601AbstractAbstractAsauniquethinkingactivityofhumanbeings，reasoningconsistsofvariousforms，ofwhichdeductionisanimportantcomponentLogicistheearliestdiscip

2、linethatstudiesreasoning、析mabundantachievementsThelogicalstudyofreasoningfocusesontheeffectivenessofdeductionthatis，giventhepropositions，whichofthemCanbeinferredfromtheexistinglawsandrulesLogicformalizes，standardizesanda

3、bstractsreasoningHoweverthestudyofreasoningisnotsomethingpeculiartologicWiththeindependenceofpsychologypsychologistshavedonealotofresearchintoreasoningbyvariousmeansfordifferentpurposesTheybelievethatinrealitypeopledon’t

4、quitefollowlogicallawsorrules，buttheyareoftenaffectedbysomenon—logicalfactors，suchasdeductivecontentsandcognitivehabitsBysolvingmanyproblemsthroughexperiments，psychologicaltheorytendstoemphasizedescription，whichisfarfrom

5、strictandsystematicInthefieldofdeductiveresearch，despitethedifferencesexistingintheirpurposes，methods，characteristicsandsignificance，logicandpsychologyarecloselyrelatedtoeachotherTheformerisconnectedwiththeformofdeductio

6、nwhilethelatterwiththecontentofdeductionAlthoughitCanbeindependentfromcontent，formisdeeplyrootedincontentThus，thereispossibilityoflogicandpsychologycombiningtofacilitatetheresearchintodeductivereasoningCognitivescienceis

7、aresultoftheinteractionsandinfluencesamongmodemsciencesInthecontextofcognitivescience，logiciansandpsychologistsarewellawarethatsinceitisunnaturaltodescribetheprocessofhumandeduction、Ⅳimformallogic，theybothattempttoconstr

8、uctalogicalsystemwhichconformstonaturaldeductionForthatreasonaftermorethan50yearsofdevelopmentfollowingthedirectionsetbyGottlobFrege，logichaswitnessedashifttocognitivescience，orrathercognitivelogic；inthefieldofpsychology

9、psychologistshaveemployedsomepsychologicalmethodsanddoneagreatnumberofexperiments，thusputtingforwardtheirdifferentopinionsCurrentlysomeinternationalscholarshavecometealizethisandstartedcombiningdeductivelogicwithpsycholo

10、gicalstudytolaybaretheprocessofhumandeductingAnewtrendhasemergedWiththerecentdevelopmentofthecognitivescience，theresearchondeductivereasoninghastriggeredsomephilosophicalthoughtsTheoreticallythesethoughtswillcontributeto