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1、外文文獻翻譯譯文外文文獻翻譯譯文原文:DIVIDENDPOLICYINSIDETHEFIRMThestatisticalanalysisoffirmleveldataonU.S.multinationalcompanieswasconductedattheInternationalInvestmentDivisionBureauofEconomicAnalysisU.S.DepartmentofCommerceunderarrangem

2、entsthatmaintainlegalconfidentialityrequirements.TheviewsexpressedarethoseoftheauthsdonotreflectofficialpositionsoftheU.S.DepartmentofCommerce.WethankNedHowenstineRayMataloniBillZeileatBEAfguidanceBillSimpsonfstatistical

3、supptKevinHassettLaurieHodrickStewartMyersRidRubackreiShleiferRidZeckhauservariousseminarparticipantsfhelpfulcommentsonearlierdrafts.FinancialsupptfromtheInternationalTaxPolicyFumtheLoisBruceZenkelResearchFundattheUniver

4、sityofMichigantheDivisionofResearchatHarvardBusinessSchoolisgratefullyacknowledged.TheviewsexpressedhereinarethoseoftheauthsnotnecessarilythoseoftheNationalBureauofEconomicResearch.AbstractThispaperanalyzesdividendremitt

5、ancesbyalargepaneloffeignaffiliatesofU.S.multinationalfirms.Thedividendpoliciesoffeignaffiliateswhichconveynosignalstopubliccapitalmarketsneverthelessresemblethoseusedbypubliclyheldcompaniesinpayingdividendstodiffusecomm

6、onshareholders.Robustnesschecksverifythatdividendpoliciesoffeignaffiliatesarelittleaffectedbythedividendpoliciesoftheirparentcompaniesparentcompanyexposuretopubliccapitalmarkets.Systematicdifferencesinthepayoutbehaviofaf

7、filiatesthatdifferinganizationalfmthosethatfacedifferingtaxcostsofpayingdividendsrevealtheimptanceoftaxfactsneverthelessdividendpoliciesarenotsolelydeterminedbytaxconsiderations.Theabsenceofcapitalmarketconsiderationsthe

8、incompletenessoftaxexplanationstogethersuggestthatdividendpoliciesarelargelydrivenbytheneedtocontrolmanagersoffeignaffiliates.firmsuseinpayingdividendstocommonshareholderstousethiscomparisontoidentifycommonfactsinalldivi

9、dendpolicies.Dividendpolicyinsidethefirmissubjecttomanybutnotallofthesamepressuresasarethedividendpoliciesoffirmswithpublicownership.ThepaymentofadividendbyanincpatedfeignaffiliatetoitsU.S.parentcompanytriggersaU.S.taxli

10、abilityasdoesthepaymentofacpatedividendtotaxablecommonshareholders.Bothtypesofdividendpoliciesmayreflecttheconcernsofshareholderswithlimitedabilitytomonitcontrolthebehaviofmanagerswhodosoinpartwithregularizeddividendpaym

11、ents.Onenotablefeatureofdividendpolicyinsidethefirmisthesmallerroleofinfmationalproblemsthatlieattheceofsignalingexplanationsofthedividendpoliciesoffirmswithmediffuseowners.Bystudyingdividendpaymentsinasettinginwhichther

12、eisverylimitedscopefsignalingitispossibletoidentifytheextenttowhichotherconsiderationssuchasagencyproblemsareresponsiblefobserveddividendpatterns.2.CpatemotivationfdividendpoliciesThissectionreviewstheincentivesfirmsface

13、iningtheirdividendpoliciestheavailableevidenceconcerningdividendbehavi.Theevidencecomesintwodistinctfms.Thefirstisevidenceofthebehaviofdomesticcompaniespayingdividendstocommonshareholdersthesestudiesfocusonnontaxfactstha

14、tinfluencepayoutbehavi.Thesecondisevidenceoffactsthatinfluencerepatriationsfromfeignaffiliatesthesestudiesfocusalmostexclusivelyontaxconsiderations.Takentogetherthisevidencecoversmanyofthefactsthatarelikelytoinfluencediv

15、idendpolicyinsidethefirm.2.1.ThedesignofdividendpoliciesinsideoutsidethefirmDividendpaymentstocommonshareholdersexhibitregularpatternsfirstdescribedbyLintner(1956).OnthebasisofinterviewswithcpateexecutivesLintnerconclude

16、dthatfirmstargetpayoutratiostowhichtheygraduallyadjustactualdividendpaymentsovertime.HisempiricalanalysisofaggregateU.S.dividendbehaviwasconsistentwiththismodelofthedividendprocessinthatbothcurrentearningslaggeddividends

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