外文翻譯--雙離合器式自動變速器控制系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)

1、<p><b>　　附 錄</b></p><p>　　附錄A 外文文獻(xiàn)原文</p><p>　　Pair of dyadic clutch automatic transmission controls the systematic key technology</p><p>　　1.1DCT starting control

2、 technique research current situation</p><p>　　Pretending to starting having DCT vehicle is to betoken the smooth mill that driven slices but to reach synchronism's by the clutch , process is same as AMT

3、 starting. Synthesize current research result , track quality , be to improve main vehicle starting function approach by optimizing the clutch dynamics model , perfecting under the control of tactics that the clutch draw

4、s together and improving clutch actuating mechanism's.</p><p>　　Dynamics model time clutch starting</p><p>　　Dynamics model in clutch starting process is that the hereditary model and clutch

5、 carrying out the basis that clutch under the control of tactics studies , transferring regulation including that the clutch carrying out the organization dynamics model , drawing together process draw together the proce

6、ss dynamics model.</p><p>　　The poplar army waits to charge liquid for moving the wet dyadic clutch actuating mechanism dynamics model having carried out the model having studied, and building the dynamics d

7、rawing together process's to the electricity. 16 book J such as Li Huan Song , Zhang Jun Zhi , Shanghai hydrology and Ge An Lin etc. charges liquid for moving the course of work doing dyadic clutch actuating mechanis

8、m having carried out the model having analysed , building small advantages detailedly to the electricity.</p><p>　　DCT starting control technique valuation and development are dynamic</p><p>　　S

9、hould track accuracy the starting function coming to optimize a clutch in three aspects from improving clutch dynamics model accuracy , perfecting clutch under the control of tactics and improving actuating mechanism'

10、;s, be key , the person various method's most, clutch under the control of tactics improving and perfecting appraises and develops development as follows.</p><p>　　Theoretically, optimal control waits fo

11、r the function synthesizing optimization method but making a clutch break the ice to reach the ideal effect setting up , the method synthesizing an optimization needs to build the accurate clutch dynamics model but , the

12、 parameter changes and the decision-making adjustment arousing in unadaptable control procedure. Be changed into a characteristic because the engine is dynamic when the function lags behind the sum clutch model's, th

13、e completely accurate bui</p><p>　　odel reference adaptive control strategy can automatically adapt to the ground condition, and the state of the clutch, ensure the engine changes impact and friction work at

14、 reasonable range. But for the nonlinear and time-varying adaptive control system, the system's stability and robustness of the theoretical aspects of imperfect not establish performance good adaptive control system.

15、</p><p>　　But the fuzzy control in the process of fuzzy parameters, the influence of the human factors of parameters, control rules and control target is ambiguous, not easy to adjust the parameters, the opt

16、imal control parameters are difficult. Together with genetic algorithm for better, etc, to start the clutch of membership functions of fuzzy controller is optimized. But the genetic algorithm.</p><p>　　Optim

17、ization of larger workload, development cycle is long, the cost is high, the real car debugging. So the driver based on excellent operation experiences, enrich the fuzzy control rules, on the basis of the study of how a

18、number of debugging through, can obtain more optimal control method, it is urgent problems at present.</p><p>　　Shift refers to choose what kind of shift control parameters, and when to shift. The shift will

19、 have a direct impact on the vehicle performance and fuel economy, comfortableness, is the optimal control system is one of the key technologies.</p><p>　　2.1 The research status quo shift</p><p&g

20、t;　　The main goal shift research is to obtain a manipulation of flexible, safe and reliable, dynamic performance and economic performance good shift. Summarizes the current research summary for the following four.</p&

21、gt;<p>　　The first kind is based on the experience of the shift, that is, through the study of excellent pilot shift to manipulate data, extract shift.</p><p>　　According to the driver QinGuiHe cast t

22、o manipulate data transmission using BP neural network, and training, and extract optimum range of vehicles. In ShangXiaQing etc, on the basis of the original ECU increased the high speed digital signal processor (DsP, b

23、ased on neural network transmission system, can obtain good drivers of on-line shift. HAYASHI fuzzy control, etc, and the neural network method is the best pilot shift to identify, based on the experience and improve the

24、 shift in the hills a</p><p>　　The third is intelligent modified shift, which is based on the constraints of outstanding pilot shift, reference in climbing, and other special sections turning the driving exp

25、erience, using the fuzzy control technology, formulate corresponding control rules of traditional shift, revised, the most typical is to reduce the special advantage of pavement shift frequency. On the corners of gears s

26、election problem was studied, and the curve of fuzzy estimator is analyzed and the general type drivers </p><p>　　A fourth is integrated intelligent shift, which based on the traditional shift, the pilot shi

27、ft control reference excellent comprehensive consideration of the experience, driver type, driver intention, driving environments and automobile driving condition, using the fuzzy control and neural network technology an

28、d intelligent control technology, generating a performance, fuel economy and to achieve emissions and other comprehensive performance and optimum drivers will shift.</p><p>　　2.2 The shift of evaluation and

29、development</p><p>　　Based on the experience of the shift from the outstanding pilot shift operation process, when the driver type, driving environment and storage of the shift, the consistent automobile com

30、prehensive performance is better, but the driver intention, the type, environment and vehicle can be combined from some kind of state, by testing is hard to be achieved, not representative of individual test results.<

31、/p><p>　　Compared with the traditional shift, intelligent modified shift in climbing, reduce automobile and special sections turning the shift frequency range, improving the quality of decision to shift into in

32、tegrated intelligent direction.</p><p>　　Integrated intelligent shift based on experience, based on comprehensive constraint condition and intelligent fixed shift. It not only improves the vehicle in the hil

33、ls, turning on specific surface conditions, but also make full use of shift quality on the traditional shift conventional ideal situation of surface. Integrated intelligence is to realize the shift of driving cars, fuel

34、consumption and emissions and other properties of the best way to excellent comprehensive, the development and app</p><p>　　3.1 conclusion</p><p>　　Start control strategy formulation, the shift

35、of formulating and shift quality control system is the optimal method of core technology, equipment DCT vehicles power, economy and comfort has important effect.</p><p>　　Starting from the clutches of dynami

36、cs model, clutch engaging speed control strategy and clutch actuator track quality from three aspects, summarizes the DCT start control technology, and points out the research status of fuzzy control parameters, research

37、 methods, improve quickly optimal fuzzy control technique, the clutch is to improve the performance of the main ways to start DCT.</p><p>　　Summarized the research achievements of optimal shift quality, and

38、pointed out the clutch on: should direct control of actuators instructions as research object, the comparison and analysis of the different control commands, finally get to shift quality of each block comprehensive excel

39、lent quality and achieve shift, the numerical control commands list, Formulate electronic throttle control instructions executed motor, through the numerical tables, engine oil-supplied regulating powertrain syste</p&

40、gt;<p>　　附錄B 外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯</p><p>　　雙離合器式自動變速器控制系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)</p><p>　　1.1DCT起步控制技術(shù)的研究現(xiàn)狀</p><p>　　裝有DCT車輛的起步是靠離合器主從動片的滑磨而達(dá)到同步的，與AMT起步過程相同。綜合當(dāng)前的研究成果，通過優(yōu)化離合器的動力學(xué)模型、完善離合器接合的控制策略及提高離合器執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)的跟蹤

41、品質(zhì)，是提高車輛起步性能的主要途徑。</p><p>　　1.1.1離合器起步時的動力學(xué)模型</p><p>　　離合器起步過程中的動力學(xué)模型是進(jìn)行離合器控制策略研究的基礎(chǔ)，包括離合器執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)動力學(xué)模型、接合過程中轉(zhuǎn)矩傳遞的模型及離合器接合過程的動力學(xué)模型。</p><p>　　楊樹軍等對電控液動濕式離合器執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)動力學(xué)模型進(jìn)行了研究，并建立了接合過程的動力學(xué)模型。

42、李煥松、張俊智、申水文和葛安林等16書J對電控液動干式離合器執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)的工作過程進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析，建立了相應(yīng)的模型。雷雨龍利用鍵合圖理論，建立了離合器執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)的動力學(xué)模型，并依據(jù)離合器主從動片間壓力與從動盤軸向變形量之間的非線性關(guān)系，對接合過程中的轉(zhuǎn)矩傳遞模型進(jìn)行了分析，在此基礎(chǔ)上，建立了接合過程的動力學(xué)模型。葉明、秦大同和席軍強(qiáng)等建立了電控電動干式離合器執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)的動力學(xué)模型。</p><p>　　1.1.2 DCT

43、起步控制技術(shù)的評價及發(fā)展動態(tài)</p><p>　　應(yīng)從提高離合器動力學(xué)模型的精度、完善離合器控制策略及提高執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)的跟蹤精度三方面來優(yōu)化離合器的起步性能，離合器控制策略的完善最為關(guān)鍵，其各種方法的評價及發(fā)展動態(tài)如下。</p><p>　　理論上，最優(yōu)控制等綜合優(yōu)化方法可使離合器起步性能達(dá)到設(shè)定的理想效果，但綜合優(yōu)化方法需要建立精確的離合器動力學(xué)模型，且不適應(yīng)控制過程中參數(shù)變化引起的決策調(diào)整

44、。由于發(fā)動機(jī)動態(tài)性能滯后和離合器模型的時變特征，建立完全精確的動力學(xué)模型十分困難，而且由于車輛起步時載荷、擋位等變化，使離合器傳動系中參數(shù)具有不確定性，限制了最優(yōu)控制的性能。</p><p>　　模型參考自適應(yīng)控制策略，可自動適應(yīng)離合器狀態(tài)、地面條件以及發(fā)動機(jī)的變化，確保沖擊度和滑磨功處于合理的范圍。但對于非線性時變的自適應(yīng)控制系統(tǒng)而言，系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性、魯棒性等方面的理論尚不完善不易建立性能較好的自適應(yīng)控制系統(tǒng)。&

45、lt;/p><p>　　但模糊控制在其參數(shù)的模糊化過程中，受人為因素的影響較大，控制規(guī)則中參數(shù)特性與控制目標(biāo)關(guān)系不明確，不易于參數(shù)的調(diào)整，獲得較優(yōu)的控制參數(shù)困難。齊占寧等利用遺傳算法，對離合器起步模糊控制器的隸屬度函數(shù)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化。但遺傳算法進(jìn)行。</p><p>　　優(yōu)化的工作量較大，開發(fā)周期長、成本高，不利于實車調(diào)試。因此基于優(yōu)秀駕駛員的起步操縱經(jīng)驗，不斷豐富模糊控制規(guī)則的基礎(chǔ)上，研究如何通

46、過少量的調(diào)試次數(shù)，即可獲取較優(yōu)控制參數(shù)的方法，是目前急需解決的問題。</p><p>　　換擋規(guī)律是指選擇什么樣的換擋控制參數(shù)，在何時進(jìn)行換擋。換擋規(guī)律的好壞直接影響車輛的燃油經(jīng)濟(jì)性、動力性及乘坐舒適性，是DCT控制系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一。</p><p>　　2.1換擋規(guī)律的研究現(xiàn)狀</p><p>　　換擋規(guī)律研究的主要目標(biāo)，就是獲得一種操縱靈活、安全可靠、動力性能

47、佳和經(jīng)濟(jì)性能好的換擋規(guī)律?？偨Y(jié)當(dāng)前的研究成果，可總結(jié)為以下四種。</p><p>　　第一種是基于經(jīng)驗的換擋規(guī)律，即通過學(xué)習(xí)優(yōu)秀駕駛員的換擋操縱數(shù)據(jù)，從中提取出換擋規(guī)律。</p><p>　　秦貴和掣根據(jù)駕駛員的換擋操縱數(shù)據(jù)，利用BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行離線訓(xùn)練，提取出車輛狀態(tài)與最佳擋位的對應(yīng)關(guān)系。湯霞清等在原ECU的基礎(chǔ)上，增加了高速數(shù)字信號處理器，建立了基于DsP的神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)換擋系統(tǒng)，可實時在線

48、獲取優(yōu)秀駕駛員的換擋規(guī)律。HAYASHI等利用模糊控制和神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)方法，對優(yōu)秀駕駛員的換擋規(guī)律進(jìn)行辨識，建立了基于經(jīng)驗的換擋規(guī)律，提高了車輛在爬坡及制動工況時的性能。實際工程應(yīng)用方面，三菱汽車公司率先應(yīng)用神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)邏輯電路，成功開發(fā)了能最優(yōu)選擇變速擋位的INVECSⅡ型軟件系統(tǒng)。第二種為基于約束條件的換擋規(guī)律，也可稱為傳統(tǒng)的換擋規(guī)律，通常是基于發(fā)動機(jī)試驗數(shù)據(jù)，利用回歸分析、插值法、神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)等系統(tǒng)辨識方法，建立發(fā)動機(jī)的模型。然后在動力性和經(jīng)濟(jì)

49、性約束條件下，利用圖解法或解析法，獲取最佳動力性或經(jīng)濟(jì)性換擋規(guī)律。</p><p>　　第三種是智能修正的換擋規(guī)律，它是基于約束條件的換擋規(guī)律，參考優(yōu)秀駕駛員在爬坡、轉(zhuǎn)彎等特殊路段的駕駛經(jīng)驗，利用模糊控制技術(shù)，制定相應(yīng)控制規(guī)則，對傳統(tǒng)換擋規(guī)律進(jìn)行修正，最典型的優(yōu)點就是減少了特殊路面行駛時的換擋次數(shù)。對彎道情況的擋位選擇問題進(jìn)行了研究，設(shè)計了彎道模糊估計器，分析了運(yùn)動型和一般型駕駛員在彎道運(yùn)行時換擋的操作特征，制定

50、了相應(yīng)的控制規(guī)則。提出了一個擋位決策的模糊專家系統(tǒng)模型，詳細(xì)介紹了獲取換擋控制規(guī)則的方法，并進(jìn)行了仿真對比分析，證明了該方法的優(yōu)點。</p><p>　　第四種是綜合智能的換擋規(guī)律，即基于傳統(tǒng)的換擋規(guī)律，參考優(yōu)秀駕駛員的換擋操縱經(jīng)驗，綜合考慮駕駛員類型、駕駛員意圖、行駛環(huán)境和汽車的行駛狀態(tài)，利用模糊控制和神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)等智能控制技術(shù)，生成一個可使動力性、燃油經(jīng)濟(jì)性、廢氣排放和其他性能達(dá)到綜合最優(yōu)且符合駕駛員意愿的換

51、擋規(guī)律。</p><p>　　2.2各種換擋規(guī)律的評價及發(fā)展動態(tài)</p><p>　　基于經(jīng)驗的換擋規(guī)律是從優(yōu)秀駕駛員的換擋操作過程中提取出來的，當(dāng)駕駛員類型、行駛環(huán)境與存儲的換擋規(guī)律相吻合時，汽車的綜合性能較佳，但駕駛員意圖、駕駛員類型、行駛環(huán)境和車輛狀態(tài)可組合出若干種狀態(tài)，逐一進(jìn)行測試很難實現(xiàn)，個別測試結(jié)果并不具有代表性。</p><p>　　與傳統(tǒng)換擋規(guī)律相比

52、，智能修正的換擋規(guī)律減少了汽車在爬坡、轉(zhuǎn)彎等特殊路段的換擋次數(shù)，提高了擋位決策品質(zhì)，為向綜合智能換擋規(guī)律方向轉(zhuǎn)化奠定了基礎(chǔ)。</p><p>　　綜合智能換擋規(guī)律綜合了基于經(jīng)驗、基于約束條件和智能修正換擋規(guī)律的優(yōu)點。它不僅提高了車輛在爬坡、轉(zhuǎn)彎等特定路面情況下的換擋品質(zhì)，而且充分利用了傳統(tǒng)換擋規(guī)律在常規(guī)較理想路面情況時的優(yōu)勢。綜合智能換擋規(guī)律是實現(xiàn)汽車的可駕駛性、燃油消耗、廢氣排放和其他性能達(dá)到綜合較優(yōu)的最佳途徑

53、，也是換擋規(guī)律發(fā)展和應(yīng)用的方向?？梢詮囊韵聝蓚€方面來完善綜合智能換擋。</p><p><b>　　3.1 結(jié)論</b></p><p>　　起步控制策略的制定、換擋規(guī)律的制定和換擋品質(zhì)的改善方法是DCT控制系統(tǒng)的核心技術(shù)，對裝備DCT車輛的動力性、經(jīng)濟(jì)性和舒適性有著重要的影響。</p><p>　　從離合器起步時的動力學(xué)模型、離合器接合速度的

54、控制策略及離合器執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)的跟蹤品質(zhì)三個方面，總結(jié)了DCT起步控制技術(shù)的研究現(xiàn)狀，并且指出：研究模糊控制參數(shù)的快速尋優(yōu)方法，完善離合器的模糊控制技術(shù)，是提高DCT起步性能的主要途徑。</p><p>　　總結(jié)了提高DCT換擋品質(zhì)的研究成果，并且指出：應(yīng)直接以各離合器執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)的控制指令為研究對象，對比分析不同控制指令時的換擋品質(zhì)，最終得到使各擋位的換擋品質(zhì)達(dá)到綜合較優(yōu)時，各執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)控制指令的數(shù)值表；制定電子油門執(zhí)行電