土木工程外文翻譯--預應力混凝土結構的抗震加固方案與局部影響

1、<p><b>　　本科生畢業(yè)設計</b></p><p><b>　　外文翻譯</b></p><p>　　題　　目　 Seismic retrofit schemes for RC </p><p>　　structures and local-global consequences </p

2、><p>　　外文來源 Progress in Structural Engineering and </p><p>　　Maerials </p><p>　　姓　　名　　　 薛晶 　　　　　　</p><p>　　學　　號　　　 407112010104 　　　　 <

3、;/p><p>　　學 　院　　　 工程學院　 　　　　 </p><p>　　?！　I(yè)　　　　 土木工程 　 　　　　 </p><p>　　指導教師　　　　 諶會芹　 　 　　　　 </p><p>　　2011 年　5　月　4　日</p><p><b>　　外文

4、原文</b></p><p>　　Seismic retrofit schemes for RC structures and</p><p>　　local-global consequences</p><p><b>　　summary</b></p><p>　　A review of repair

5、schemes for reinforced concrete frame buildings is presented in this paper, within the context of global objectives of the intervention process. Local as well as global intervention measures are discussed and their techn

6、ological application details outlined. The effect of the reviewed repair schemes on the member, sub-assemblage and system performance are qualitatively assessed. The important role of the foundation system in the rehabil

7、itation process is outlined and measures </p><p>　　Keywords: retrofit; repair; strengthening; structural intervention; seismic upgrading</p><p>　　Introduction</p><p>　　In recent yea

8、rs, devastating earthquakes worldwide confirmed the deficiencies of building structures. The experience gained from field observations and back-analysis led to improvement of the level of knowledge and the evolution of s

9、eismic codes.</p><p>　　The interest of the research community is focused on buildings that do not comply with current seismic codes and exhibit deficiencies such as poor detailing, discontinuous load paths a

10、nd lack of capacity design provisions. Since such buildings comprise the majority of existing building stock, retrofitting is a rather critical issue. Rehabilitation schemes that will provide cost-effective and structura

11、lly effective solutions are necessary. Many intervention methods used in the past have been revi</p><p>　　In this paper, the term ‘rehabilitation’ is used as a comprehensive term to include all types of repa

12、ir, retrofitting and strengthening that lead to reduced earthquake vulnerability. The term ‘repair’ is defined as reinstatement of the original characteristics of a damaged section or element and is confined to dealing w

13、ith the as-built system. The term ‘strengthening’ is defined as intervention that lead to enhancement of one or more seismic response parameters (stiffness, strength, ductility, e</p><p>　　Framework of seism

14、ic rehabilitation</p><p>　　Performance objectives are set depending on the structural type, the importance of the building, its role in post-earthquake emergencies, the economic consequences of business inte

15、rruption, its historical or cultural significance, the construction material and socio-economic factors. They can be specified as limits on one or more response parameter such as stresses, strains, displacements, acceler

16、ations, etc. Clearly, different limit states have to be correlated to the level of the seismic actio</p><p>　　The selection of the rehabilitation scheme and the level of intervention is a rather complex proc

17、edure, because many factors of different nature come into play. A decision has to be taken on the level of intervention. Some common strategies are the restriction or change of use of the building, partial demolition and

18、/or mass reduction.In addition, methods such as base isolation, provision of supplemental damping and incorporation of passive and active vibration control devices may apply. The alte</p><p>　　Socio-economic

19、 issues have to be considered in the decision of the level and type of intervention. Surprisingly, there are documented cases where aesthetic and psychological issues dictate the rehabilitation strategies. For example, i

20、n the Mexico City earthquake of 19 September 1985, where external bracing was popular, because it instilled a feeling of confidence in the occupants that significant and visible changes have been made to the structure to

21、 make it safer. Cost vs importance of the stru</p><p>　　From a technical point of view the selection of the type and level of intervention have to be based on compatibility with the existing structural syste

22、m and the repair materials and technology available. Controlled damage to non-structural components and sufficient capacity of the foundation system are essential factors that are often overlooked. Issues such as irregul

23、arities of stiffness, strength and ductility have to be considered in detail.</p><p>　　A convenient way to discuss the engineering issues of evaluation and retrofit is to break down the process into steps. T

24、he first step involves the collection of information for the as-built structure. The configuration of the structural system, reinforcement detailing, material strengths, foundation system and the level of damage are reco

25、rded. In addition, data relevant to the non-structural elements (e.g. infill walls) which play a significant role and influence the seismic response of structur</p><p><b>　　中文翻譯</b></p>&l

26、t;p>　　預應力混凝土結構的抗震加固方案與局部影響</p><p><b>　　摘要</b></p><p>　　本文為A review of repair schemes for reinforced concrete frame buildings is presented in this paper, within the context of glob

27、al objectives of the intervention process.關于預應力混凝土結構建筑維修計劃的綜述，提出了一種在全球目標范圍內的干預過程。對Local as well as global intervention measures are discussed and their technological application details outlined.本地及全球干預措施進行了探討，并給出了其技術應用的

28、細節(jié)描述。The effect of the reviewed repair schemes on the member, sub-assemblage and system performance are qualitatively assessed.該成員分組對系統性能審查修復計劃的效果進行了定性評估。Th</p><p>　　關鍵詞： retrofit;改造； repair/strengthening;修復

29、；加強；rehabilitati；structural intervention;結構性的干預；seismic upgrading地震升級 </p><p><b>　　簡介</b></p><p>　　In recent years, devastating earthquakes worldwide confirmed the deficiencies of bu

30、ilding structures.近年來，世界各地的破壞性地震證實了建筑結構的缺陷。The experience gained from field observations and back-analysis led to improvement of the level of knowledge and the evolution of seismic codes.從現場獲得的經驗觀察和反分析導致的知識水平的提高和抗震規(guī)范的完善。

31、 </p><p>　　The interest of the research community is focused on buildings that do not comply with current seismic codes and exhibit deficiencies such as poor detailing, discontinuous load paths and lack of c

32、apacity design provisions.本研究對社會的益處主要集中在不符合現行抗震規(guī)范和詳細說明的建筑物，如資金缺乏，不連續(xù)的路徑和負載能力的不足。Since such buildings comprise the majority of existing building stock, retrofitting is a rather critical issue.由于這些建筑物包括大部分現有建筑，改造是一個比較關鍵的問題

33、。Rehabilitation schemes that will provide cost-effective and structurally effective </p><p>　　In this paper, the term 'rehabilitation' is used as a comprehensive term to include all types of repair,

34、retrofitting and strengthening that lead to reduced earthquake vulnerability.在本文中，術語“康復”是用來作為一個全面長遠，包括維修，改造和加強各類導致減少地震的脆弱性。The term 'repair' is defined as reinstatement of the original characteristics of a damage

35、d section or element and is confined to dealing with the as-built system.術語“修復”的定義為一個損壞的部分或元素的原有特色復職，并只限于與已建成的系統處理。The term 'strengthening' is defined as intervention that lead to enh</p><p><b>

36、;　　框架的抗震加固</b></p><p>　　Performance objectives are set depending on the structural type, the importance of the building, its role in post-earthquake emergencies, the economic consequences of business i

37、nterruption, its historical or cultural significance, the construction material and socio-economic factors.績效目標設置的依據為結構類型，建筑物的重要性，其作用在震后的緊急情況，業(yè)務、歷史和文化中斷，社會經濟有影響。They can be specified as limits on one or more response par

38、ameter such as stresses, strains, displacements, accelerations, etc. Clearly, different limit states ha</p><p>　　The selection of the rehabilitation scheme and the level of intervention is a rather complex p

39、rocedure, because many factors of different nature come into play.該康復計劃和干預水平的選擇是一個相當復雜的過程，因為不同性質的因素發(fā)揮作用。A decision has to be taken on the level of intervention.決定了在一級時采取的干預。Some common strategies are the restriction or c

40、hange of use of the building, partial demolition and/or mass reduction, addition of new lateral load resistance system, member replacement, transformation of non-structural into structur</p><p>　　Socio-econo

41、mic issues have to be considered in the decision of the level and type of intervention.社會經濟問題必須在水平和干預型決策下考慮。Surprisingly, there are documented cases where aesthetic and psychological issues dictate the rehabilitation str

42、ategies.令人驚訝的是，有記錄的情況下，審美和心理問題決定了恢復戰(zhàn)略。For example, in the Mexico City earthquake of 19 September 1985, where external bracing was popular, because it instilled a feeling of confidence in the occupants that significant an

43、d visible changes have been made to the structure</p><p>　　Even the reversibility of the scheme in case it is not accepted on a long-term basis should be taken into account.From a technical point of view the

44、 selection of the type and level of intervention have to be based on compatibility with the existing structural system and the repair materials and technology available.從技術角度來看的類型和干預水平的選擇必須與現有的結構體系和修補材料和技術方面的兼容性為依據。Contr

45、olled damage to non-structural components and sufficient capacity of the foundation system are essential factors that are often over</p><p>　　A convenient way to discuss the engineering issues of evaluation

46、and retrofit is to break down the process into steps.一個便捷的方式來討論問題的評價和改造的工程是分解成步驟的過程。The first step involves the collection of information for the as-built structure.第一步包括對已建成的結構信息的集合。The configuration of the structural s

47、ystem, reinforcement detailing, material strengths, foundation system and the level of damage are recorded.該結構體系，強化細節(jié)，材料強度，地基系統的損害程度和配置都記錄下來。In addition, data relevant to the non-structural elements (eg infill walls</