土建專業(yè)外文翻譯---預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震加固方案與局部影響

1、<p><b>　　本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計</b></p><p><b>　　外文翻譯</b></p><p>　　題　　目　 Seismic retrofit schemes for RC </p><p>　　structures and local-global consequences </p

2、><p>　　外文來源 Progress in Structural Engineering and </p><p>　　Maerials </p><p>　　姓　　名　　　 　　　　　　</p><p>　　學(xué)　　號　　　 　　　　 </p><

3、;p>　　學(xué) 　院　　　 工程學(xué)院　 　　　　 </p><p>　　?！　I(yè)　　　　 土木工程 　 　　　　 </p><p>　　指導(dǎo)教師　　　　 　 　　　　 </p><p>　　2011 年　5　月　4　日</p><p><b>　　外文原文</b></

4、p><p>　　Seismic retrofit schemes for RC structures and</p><p>　　local-global consequences</p><p><b>　　summary</b></p><p>　　A review of repair schemes for reinf

5、orced concrete frame buildings is presented in this paper, within the context of global objectives of the intervention process. Local as well as global intervention measures are discussed and their technological applicat

6、ion details outlined. The effect of the reviewed repair schemes on the member, sub-assemblage and system performance are qualitatively assessed. The important role of the foundation system in the rehabilitation process i

7、s outlined and measures </p><p>　　Keywords: retrofit; repair; strengthening; structural intervention; seismic upgrading</p><p>　　Introduction</p><p>　　In recent years, devastating e

8、arthquakes worldwide confirmed the deficiencies of building structures. The experience gained from field observations and back-analysis led to improvement of the level of knowledge and the evolution of seismic codes.<

9、/p><p>　　The interest of the research community is focused on buildings that do not comply with current seismic codes and exhibit deficiencies such as poor detailing, discontinuous load paths and lack of capaci

10、ty design provisions. Since such buildings comprise the majority of existing building stock, retrofitting is a rather critical issue. Rehabilitation schemes that will provide cost-effective and structurally effective sol

11、utions are necessary. Many intervention methods used in the past have been revi</p><p>　　In this paper, the term ‘rehabilitation’ is used as a comprehensive term to include all types of repair, retrofitting

12、and strengthening that lead to reduced earthquake vulnerability. The term ‘repair’ is defined as reinstatement of the original characteristics of a damaged section or element and is confined to dealing with the as-built

13、system. The term ‘strengthening’ is defined as intervention that lead to enhancement of one or more seismic response parameters (stiffness, strength, ductility, e</p><p>　　Framework of seismic rehabilitation

14、</p><p>　　Performance objectives are set depending on the structural type, the importance of the building, its role in post-earthquake emergencies, the economic consequences of business interruption, its his

15、torical or cultural significance, the construction material and socio-economic factors. They can be specified as limits on one or more response parameter such as stresses, strains, displacements, accelerations, etc. Clea

16、rly, different limit states have to be correlated to the level of the seismic actio</p><p>　　The selection of the rehabilitation scheme and the level of intervention is a rather complex procedure, because ma

17、ny factors of different nature come into play. A decision has to be taken on the level of intervention. Some common strategies are the restriction or change of use of the building, partial demolition and/or mass reductio

18、n.In addition, methods such as base isolation, provision of supplemental damping and incorporation of passive and active vibration control devices may apply. The alte</p><p>　　Socio-economic issues have to b

19、e considered in the decision of the level and type of intervention. Surprisingly, there are documented cases where aesthetic and psychological issues dictate the rehabilitation strategies. For example, in the Mexico City

20、 earthquake of 19 September 1985, where external bracing was popular, because it instilled a feeling of confidence in the occupants that significant and visible changes have been made to the structure to make it safer. C

21、ost vs importance of the stru</p><p>　　From a technical point of view the selection of the type and level of intervention have to be based on compatibility with the existing structural system and the repair

22、materials and technology available. Controlled damage to non-structural components and sufficient capacity of the foundation system are essential factors that are often overlooked. Issues such as irregularities of stiffn

23、ess, strength and ductility have to be considered in detail.</p><p>　　A convenient way to discuss the engineering issues of evaluation and retrofit is to break down the process into steps. The first step inv

24、olves the collection of information for the as-built structure. The configuration of the structural system, reinforcement detailing, material strengths, foundation system and the level of damage are recorded. In addition

25、, data relevant to the non-structural elements (e.g. infill walls) which play a significant role and influence the seismic response of structur</p><p><b>　　中文翻譯</b></p><p>　　預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)

26、的抗震加固方案與局部影響</p><p><b>　　摘要</b></p><p>　　本文為A review of repair schemes for reinforced concrete frame buildings is presented in this paper, within the context of global objectives of

27、the intervention process.關(guān)于預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)建筑維修計劃的綜述，提出了一種在全球目標(biāo)范圍內(nèi)的干預(yù)過程。對Local as well as global intervention measures are discussed and their technological application details outlined.本地及全球干預(yù)措施進行了探討，并給出了其技術(shù)應(yīng)用的細(xì)節(jié)描述。The effect o

28、f the reviewed repair schemes on the member, sub-assemblage and system performance are qualitatively assessed.該成員分組對系統(tǒng)性能審查修復(fù)計劃的效果進行了定性評估。Th</p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞： retrofit;改造； repair/strengthening;修復(fù)；加強；rehabilitati；

29、structural intervention;結(jié)構(gòu)性的干預(yù)；seismic upgrading地震升級 </p><p><b>　　簡介</b></p><p>　　In recent years, devastating earthquakes worldwide confirmed the deficiencies of building structures

30、.近年來，世界各地的破壞性地震證實了建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的缺陷。The experience gained from field observations and back-analysis led to improvement of the level of knowledge and the evolution of seismic codes.從現(xiàn)場獲得的經(jīng)驗觀察和反分析導(dǎo)致的知識水平的提高和抗震規(guī)范的完善。 </p><

31、p>　　The interest of the research community is focused on buildings that do not comply with current seismic codes and exhibit deficiencies such as poor detailing, discontinuous load paths and lack of capacity design pr

32、ovisions.本研究對社會的益處主要集中在不符合現(xiàn)行抗震規(guī)范和詳細(xì)說明的建筑物，如資金缺乏，不連續(xù)的路徑和負(fù)載能力的不足。Since such buildings comprise the majority of existing building stock, retrofitting is a rather critical issue.由于這些建筑物包括大部分現(xiàn)有建筑，改造是一個比較關(guān)鍵的問題。Rehabilitation s

33、chemes that will provide cost-effective and structurally effective </p><p>　　In this paper, the term 'rehabilitation' is used as a comprehensive term to include all types of repair, retrofitting and

34、strengthening that lead to reduced earthquake vulnerability.在本文中，術(shù)語“康復(fù)”是用來作為一個全面長遠(yuǎn)，包括維修，改造和加強各類導(dǎo)致減少地震的脆弱性。The term 'repair' is defined as reinstatement of the original characteristics of a damaged section or elem

35、ent and is confined to dealing with the as-built system.術(shù)語“修復(fù)”的定義為一個損壞的部分或元素的原有特色復(fù)職，并只限于與已建成的系統(tǒng)處理。The term 'strengthening' is defined as intervention that lead to enh</p><p><b>　　框架的抗震加固</b&

36、gt;</p><p>　　Performance objectives are set depending on the structural type, the importance of the building, its role in post-earthquake emergencies, the economic consequences of business interruption, its

37、historical or cultural significance, the construction material and socio-economic factors.績效目標(biāo)設(shè)置的依據(jù)為結(jié)構(gòu)類型，建筑物的重要性，其作用在震后的緊急情況，業(yè)務(wù)、歷史和文化中斷，社會經(jīng)濟有影響。They can be specified as limits on one or more response parameter such as st

38、resses, strains, displacements, accelerations, etc. Clearly, different limit states ha</p><p>　　The selection of the rehabilitation scheme and the level of intervention is a rather complex procedure, because

39、 many factors of different nature come into play.該康復(fù)計劃和干預(yù)水平的選擇是一個相當(dāng)復(fù)雜的過程，因為不同性質(zhì)的因素發(fā)揮作用。A decision has to be taken on the level of intervention.決定了在一級時采取的干預(yù)。Some common strategies are the restriction or change of use of t

40、he building, partial demolition and/or mass reduction, addition of new lateral load resistance system, member replacement, transformation of non-structural into structur</p><p>　　Socio-economic issues have t

41、o be considered in the decision of the level and type of intervention.社會經(jīng)濟問題必須在水平和干預(yù)型決策下考慮。Surprisingly, there are documented cases where aesthetic and psychological issues dictate the rehabilitation strategies.令人驚訝的是，有記

42、錄的情況下，審美和心理問題決定了恢復(fù)戰(zhàn)略。For example, in the Mexico City earthquake of 19 September 1985, where external bracing was popular, because it instilled a feeling of confidence in the occupants that significant and visible changes

43、 have been made to the structure</p><p>　　Even the reversibility of the scheme in case it is not accepted on a long-term basis should be taken into account.From a technical point of view the selection of the

44、 type and level of intervention have to be based on compatibility with the existing structural system and the repair materials and technology available.從技術(shù)角度來看的類型和干預(yù)水平的選擇必須與現(xiàn)有的結(jié)構(gòu)體系和修補材料和技術(shù)方面的兼容性為依據(jù)。Controlled damage to n

45、on-structural components and sufficient capacity of the foundation system are essential factors that are often over</p><p>　　A convenient way to discuss the engineering issues of evaluation and retrofit is t

46、o break down the process into steps.一個便捷的方式來討論問題的評價和改造的工程是分解成步驟的過程。The first step involves the collection of information for the as-built structure.第一步包括對已建成的結(jié)構(gòu)信息的集合。The configuration of the structural system, reinforcem