龍門刨床外文翻譯--龍門刨床（b2012a）的plc及變頻器技術(shù)化改造

1、<p>　　龍門刨床（B2012A）的PLC及變頻器技術(shù)化改造</p><p><b>　　譯文： </b></p><p>　　龍門刨床具有門式框架和臥式長(zhǎng)床身的刨床。龍門刨床主要用于刨削大型工件，也可在工作臺(tái)上裝夾多個(gè)零件同時(shí)加工，是工業(yè)的母機(jī)。在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中占有重要的位置。其電氣控制系統(tǒng)包括工作臺(tái)的主傳動(dòng)和進(jìn)給機(jī)構(gòu)邏輯時(shí)序控制兩大部分。龍門刨床工作臺(tái)的行

2、程控制多采用傳統(tǒng)的繼電器、行程開關(guān)控制方式來實(shí)現(xiàn)，該方式存在著故障率高、接線復(fù)雜、靈活性小、檢修不方便等缺點(diǎn)。這對(duì)加工性能及成本有很大的影響，有的甚至無法在一些加工要求稍高的工件場(chǎng)合下使用。因此，對(duì)龍門刨床加工性能和要求進(jìn)行分析研究，設(shè)計(jì)一套低成本高性能的控制方案，應(yīng)用于實(shí)踐，可最大限度發(fā)揮龍門刨床的加工潛力，提高可靠性，降低運(yùn)行成本，對(duì)老式龍門刨床的改造提高有很大的實(shí)際意義。隨著PLC在工業(yè)控制中的迅猛發(fā)展，為改變上述缺點(diǎn)提供了有效途

3、徑。因此，我們將以龍門刨床（B2012A）為例，根據(jù)龍門刨床的加工工藝特點(diǎn)，采用可編程序控制器(PLC)對(duì)其傳統(tǒng)控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行改造。 </p><p>　　長(zhǎng)期以來，PLC始終處于工業(yè)自動(dòng)化控制領(lǐng)域的主戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)，為各種各樣的自動(dòng)化控制設(shè)備提供了非常可靠的控制應(yīng)用。其主要原因，在于它能夠?yàn)樽詣?dòng)化控制應(yīng)用提供安全可靠和比較完善的解決方案，適合于當(dāng)前工業(yè)企業(yè)對(duì)自動(dòng)化的需要。另一方面，PLC還必須依靠其他新技術(shù)來面對(duì)市場(chǎng)份額逐

4、漸縮小所帶來的沖擊，尤其是工業(yè)PC所帶來的沖擊。PLC需要解決的問題依然是新技術(shù)的采用、系統(tǒng)開放性和價(jià)格。 </p><p>　　在全球工業(yè)計(jì)算機(jī)控制領(lǐng)域，圍繞開放與再開放過程控制系統(tǒng)、開放式過程控制軟件、開放性數(shù)據(jù)通信協(xié)議，已經(jīng)發(fā)生巨大變革，幾乎到處都有PLC，但這種趨勢(shì)也許不會(huì)繼續(xù)發(fā)展下去。隨著軟PLC（SoftPLC）控制組態(tài)軟件技術(shù)的誕生與進(jìn)一步完善和發(fā)展，安裝有SoftPLC組態(tài)軟件和基于工業(yè)PC控制系

5、統(tǒng)的市場(chǎng)份額正在逐步得到增長(zhǎng)，這進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)了PLC的技術(shù)發(fā)展與提高。對(duì)于控制軟件來講，這是PLC控制器的核心，PLC供應(yīng)商正在向工業(yè)用戶提供開放式的編程組態(tài)工具軟件，而且對(duì)于工業(yè)用戶表現(xiàn)得非常積極。此外，開放式通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)也得到了突破，其結(jié)果是將PLC融入更加開放的工業(yè)控制行業(yè)。 </p><p>　　另外，采用開放控制的原因一方面是系統(tǒng)功能集成的需要，另一方面也是由于一些工業(yè)用戶對(duì)功能過分苛求所致。如果能夠給予

6、高度的重視，就能夠獲得更多的基本技術(shù)知識(shí)。 </p><p>　　可以相信，PLC技術(shù)將繼續(xù)向開放式控制系統(tǒng)方向轉(zhuǎn)移，尤其是基于工業(yè)PC的控制系統(tǒng)。后者除了在靈活性方面比傳統(tǒng)PLC具有截然不同的優(yōu)勢(shì)外，還具有其他優(yōu)點(diǎn)，如能夠降低系統(tǒng)投資費(fèi)用，提高從工廠底層到企業(yè)辦公自動(dòng)化的數(shù)據(jù)信息流動(dòng)效率等。 </p><p>　　21世紀(jì)，PLC會(huì)有更大的發(fā)展。從技術(shù)上看，計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的新成果會(huì)更多地應(yīng)

7、用于可編程控制器的設(shè)計(jì)和制造上，會(huì)有運(yùn)算速度更快、存儲(chǔ)容量更大、智能更強(qiáng)的品種出現(xiàn)；從產(chǎn)品規(guī)模上看，會(huì)進(jìn)一步向超小型及超大型方向發(fā)展；從產(chǎn)品的配套性上看，產(chǎn)品的品種會(huì)更豐富、規(guī)格更齊全，完美的人機(jī)界面、完備的通信設(shè)備會(huì)更好地適應(yīng)各種工業(yè)控制場(chǎng)合的需求；從市場(chǎng)上看，各國(guó)各自生產(chǎn)多品種產(chǎn)品的情況會(huì)隨著國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的加劇而打破，會(huì)出現(xiàn)少數(shù)幾個(gè)品牌壟斷國(guó)際市場(chǎng)的局面，會(huì)出現(xiàn)國(guó)際通用的編程語言；從網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)展情況來看，可編程控制器和其它工業(yè)控制計(jì)算機(jī)組

8、網(wǎng)構(gòu)成大型的控制系統(tǒng)是可編程控制器技術(shù)的發(fā)展方向。伴隨著計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)展，可編程控制器作為自動(dòng)化控制網(wǎng)絡(luò)和國(guó)際通用網(wǎng)絡(luò)的重要組成部分，將在工業(yè)及工業(yè)以外的眾多領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮越來越大的作用。</p><p>　　20世紀(jì)70年代后，大規(guī)模集成電路和計(jì)算機(jī)控制技術(shù)的發(fā)展，以及現(xiàn)代控制理論的應(yīng)用，使得交流電力拖動(dòng)系統(tǒng)逐步具備了寬的調(diào)速范圍、高的穩(wěn)速范圍、高的穩(wěn)速精度、快的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)以及在四象限作可逆運(yùn)行等良好的技術(shù)性能，在調(diào)速

9、性能方面可以與直流電力拖動(dòng)媲美。在交流調(diào)速技術(shù)中，變頻調(diào)速具有絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)，并且它的調(diào)速性能與可靠性不斷完善，價(jià)格不斷降低，特別是變頻調(diào)速節(jié)電效果明顯，而且易于實(shí)現(xiàn)過程自動(dòng)化，深受工業(yè)行業(yè)的青睞。 變頻器技術(shù)是一門綜合性的技術(shù)，它建立在控制技術(shù)、電力電子技術(shù)、微電子技術(shù)和計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)之上，并隨著這些基礎(chǔ)技術(shù)的發(fā)展而不斷得到發(fā)展。與傳統(tǒng)的交流拖動(dòng)系統(tǒng)相比，利用變頻器對(duì)交流電動(dòng)機(jī)進(jìn)行調(diào)速控制的交流拖動(dòng)系統(tǒng)有許多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，如節(jié)能，易實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)

10、現(xiàn)有電動(dòng)機(jī)的調(diào)速控制，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)大范圍的高效連續(xù)調(diào)速控制，容易實(shí)現(xiàn)電動(dòng)機(jī)的正反轉(zhuǎn)切換，可以進(jìn)行高頻度的起停運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，可以進(jìn)行電氣制動(dòng)，可以用一臺(tái)變頻器對(duì)多臺(tái)電動(dòng)機(jī)進(jìn)行調(diào)速控制，電源功率因數(shù)大，所需電源容量小，可以組成高性能的控制系統(tǒng)等等。在許多情況下，使用變頻器的目的是節(jié)能，尤其是對(duì)于在工業(yè)中大量使用的風(fēng)扇、鼓風(fēng)機(jī)和泵類負(fù)載來說，通過變頻器進(jìn)行調(diào)速控制</p><p>　　可以相信，未來的工業(yè)加工機(jī)械控制的未來會(huì)逐步向

11、PLC、變頻器這些小型化設(shè)備，元器件的穩(wěn)定化 ，系統(tǒng)個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單化，從而可以大大減少未來對(duì)設(shè)備和生產(chǎn)線的維護(hù)人員，未來PLC、變頻器的發(fā)展會(huì)達(dá)到一個(gè)新的頂峰。而龍門刨床在有PLC和變頻器技術(shù)的支持下，它已經(jīng)不單單可以用來刨削加工工件，還可以將其進(jìn)行改裝，增加刨銑兩用減速箱、橫銑裝置、立式銑頭、臥式銑頭和立式磨頭等，采用變頻器控制，實(shí)現(xiàn)了無級(jí)調(diào)速，可滿足铇、銑、磨加工的各種速度要求，適合于粗、精加工各種水平面、傾斜面、垂直面、T型槽、組合導(dǎo)軌及

12、齒條等，還可做為大型平面磨床和大型萬能銑床使用?？梢钥吹?，基于龍門刨床的大型工件加工，一定會(huì)在將來的機(jī)械加工行業(yè)占據(jù)越來越重要的位置。</p><p><b>　　外文翻譯</b></p><p>　　Longmen planer have door type framework and horizontal long lathe bed of planers. Lo

13、ngmen planer is mainly used for cutting large-sized workpiece, also can be in workbench jacket clip multiple parts and processing, industrial tools. In the industrial production occupies an important position. Its electr

14、ic control system including of workbench main transmission and lathe logic control sequence of two parts. Longmen planer workbench schedule control more than by traditional relays, travel switch c</p><p>　　L

15、ong-term since, PLC is always in the field of industrial automation control, igge for various automatic control equipment provides extremely reliable control applications. The main reason is that it can provide security

16、for automation control application are perfect and reliable, and suitable for the solution to the current industrial enterprise automation needs. On the other hand, PLC also must rely on other new technology to face the

17、market share gradually diminishing the impact of, especiall</p><p>　　The computer control field in the global industry, around opening and then open process control system, open process control software, ope

18、n data communication protocol, already big changes, almost everywhere, but the trend of PLC may not continue. With soft PLC (SoftPLC) the birth of control configuration software technology with further improvement and de

19、velopment, installation have SoftPLC configuration software based on industrial PC control system and the market share is gradually getting gr</p><p>　　In addition, using open control on the reason is the sy

20、stem function integration of need, on the other hand is due to some industrial users by demanding to function. If can be given a high priority, they could get more basic technical knowledge. </p><p>　　Can be

21、lieve, PLC technology will continue to open control system based on the direction of industrial PC transferred, especially the control system. The latter except in flexibility than traditional PLC with a distinct advanta

22、ge outside, still have other advantages, such as to reduce cost, improve the system from factory layer to enterprise office automation data information flow efficiency, etc. </p><p>　　In the 21st century, PL

23、C will have greater development. Technically, the computer technology can morely new achievements used in programmable controller design and manufacturing, there will be faster, storage and larger capacity, intelligent s

24、tronger varieties appear; Look from product size, can further to mini and super-large direction; Look from product compatibility, the variety of our products will be more rich, specification more complete, perfect man-ma

25、chine interface and complete communic</p><p>　　The 1970s, large scale integrated circuit and computer control technology development, and the application of modern control theory, and makes communication pow

26、er drag system gradually have wide speed range, high steady speed range, high precision and fast steady speed and the dynamic response of quadrant as reversible operation in the technical performance and good performance

27、 of speed, can in dc electric drag with comparable. In exchange, frequency conversion speed technology have absolute sup</p><p>　　Inverter technology is a comprehensive technology, it is based on control tec

28、hnology, power electronic technology, and microelectronics and computer technology, and as these based on the continuous development and basic technology develops. And the traditional communication drag system using inve

29、rter, compared to ac motor speed control on the exchange drag system has many advantages, such as energy saving, easy to realize the control of existing motor speed, can achieve a wide range of high spee</p><p

30、>　　Can believes that in the future, industrial processing machinery control the future will be gradually to PLC, frequency converter these miniaturization equipment, components, the system a simplification, stabilizat

31、ion and can reduce the future of equipment and production line maintenance personnel, the future development of PLC, frequency converter can achieve a new peak. And in a PLC and longmen planer inverter technology support