20世紀30年代冀中農(nóng)民物質(zhì)生活狀況研究——以清苑縣4村為例.pdf

1、河北師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文20世紀30年代冀中農(nóng)民物質(zhì)生活狀況研究——以清苑縣4村為例姓名：聶曉靜申請學(xué)位級別：碩士專業(yè)：中國近現(xiàn)代史指導(dǎo)教師：封漢章20090318AbstractMateriallireiSthemostfoundationalquestionthatiSrelatedtopeople’SsurvivalanddevelopmentThestudyofconditionofpeople’SIifeinacertainp

2、eriodcanhelptoknowhowthesocietywentonanddevelopedinantherwayLocatedintheeastofJizhongplain，QingYuanCountylayinanimportantpartbetweenBeijingandTianjinItwasoncecalledbythefamoussociologisttheplacewhereChina’Sindustryandcom

3、merceweremoredevelopedandthemostgratechangeshadtakenplaceinruraleconomyAccordingtothedocumentonQingyuanCountykeptinBaodingArchives，dynamicstudyWasgivenontheconsumptionofQingyuanpeasants’materiallifeinthe1930sThestudyincl

4、udesthreeparts；IthegeneralconditionofQingyuanpeasants’life；Inthe1930s，mostofthepeasants’housesweremadeofearthThehygieneconditionwasverypoorPeasantslivedmainlyoncoarsegrainsaswellaswildvegetablesTheyseldomusededibleoiland

5、atemeatTheyusedlialebyproductsandcondimentTheirclothesweremostlymadeofwovenclothTheyhadfewbedclothes；seldomdidtheyuseoilandcoal，tosaynothingofcigarettesandwine而emaincharacteristicswerepoorhousingcondition，simplefood，casu

6、alclothesanddailyneccessitiesIITheanalysisoftheirconditionoffarmers’incomeandconsumptionandlivingstandard：inthe1930s，Qingyuanfarmers’materiallifeincluded：food，clothingfuelandSOonBasedonthequatizationandcomparisonandanaly

7、sisontheaboveitems，thesurveyshowed：During1930一l936，theannualaverageincomechangedlittlesometimesevendecreased；whiletheconsumptionofdailyproductsslightlyincreasedAccordingtothestandardofEngel’stheoremandbyanalyzingthepropo

8、rtionoffoodconsumptioninlivingexpense，theirlivingstandardwasabsolutelylowInaword，mostofthefarmershadsmallannualincomeanditdoomedthatthecommonfarmerscallonlylivethemostbasiclifeIIIThestudyoffactorsaffectingfarmersmaterial

9、life：thelevelofproductivitywasstagnant111epeasantswereexploitedandhadpayforusuriousloan，theywereoftenrobbedandSOonAlltheseheldbacktheruralproductivityFrequentandseverenaturaldisastersaswellastheinvasionofforeigneconomyma

10、detheirlivingstandardstagenantQingyuanpeasant’materiallirereflectedthelifeofcentralHeBeiandwasalmostthesamewimthatofNorthChina111estudyshows：Thepeasants’materiallifehasdirectconnectionwithAgriculturalproductivityandsocia

11、lcircumstanceandnaturalconditionsalSOhaveagreatinfluenceonthepeasants’lireSoinsuchsocialcircumstancethepeasant’Slifecouldonlybelikethisandeouldn’tbegreatlyimprovedTherefore，itisasystemtoimprovepeasants’materiallifeItneed