上海市2022屆高三英語(yǔ)沖刺：長(zhǎng)難句分析和及閱讀理解c篇

1、長(zhǎng)難句分析以及閱讀理解C篇?知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理（一）閱讀理解長(zhǎng)難句分析There is, as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says, a “disjunction“ between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the stati

2、stics.【詞匯突破】the treasury secretary財(cái)政部長(zhǎng)（美） anecdote軼聞，趣聞 statistics數(shù)據(jù)（還有一個(gè)我們不熟悉的意思：表格） picture情況，事態(tài)，局面，狀況，情形，形勢(shì)【主干識(shí)別】There is a disjunction.【其他成分】as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says 插入語(yǔ)；between the mass of busin

3、ess anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics 后置定語(yǔ)修飾 a disjunction.【微觀解析】between the mass of business anecdote and the picture;為定語(yǔ)的主體局部；that points to a leap in productivi

4、ty 修飾 anecdote； reflected by the statistics 修飾 statisticso 【難點(diǎn)揭秘】由于插入語(yǔ)的加入，造成了對(duì)主干是別的難度，尤其是在between…and...結(jié)構(gòu)的識(shí)別 中由于加入了定語(yǔ)從句使其難于理解。【譯文賞析】正如財(cái)長(zhǎng)魯賓所說(shuō)，在說(shuō)明生產(chǎn)力飛躍開(kāi)展的商業(yè)佚事和數(shù)據(jù)所反映的情況之間存在 著脫節(jié)?！痉g點(diǎn)撥】也可以把比擬長(zhǎng)的那個(gè)局部單獨(dú)翻譯，這樣更符合中文的習(xí)慣：有大量說(shuō)明生產(chǎn)力飛 躍

5、開(kāi)展的商業(yè)佚事，但是財(cái)長(zhǎng)羅伯特?魯賓認(rèn)為現(xiàn)實(shí)的數(shù)據(jù)說(shuō)明的情況并不能支持這些傳奇。1. Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass （the amount of living biological matter） of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that

6、 biomass over time.【詞匯突破】estimate估量，評(píng)估；not...but不是而是【主干識(shí)另U1 Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass but changes.【其他成分】括號(hào)中的內(nèi)容對(duì)biomass進(jìn)行解釋和說(shuō)明；of species和in particular parts of the ocean做 后置定語(yǔ)修飾 biomass,

7、 in that biomass over time 后置定語(yǔ)修飾 changes；【難點(diǎn)揭秘】estimate的賓語(yǔ)為the actual biomass和changes的并列,并列連詞為but,在閱讀的過(guò) 程中往往會(huì)由于長(zhǎng)定語(yǔ)的分割而產(chǎn)生閱讀的障礙；【譯文賞析】他們的研究方法并不是想估計(jì)出某些特定地區(qū)魚(yú)類的實(shí)際生物量（活的生物總量）， 而是估計(jì)出這些生物量隨著時(shí)間發(fā)生的變化。【翻譯點(diǎn)撥】多個(gè)定語(yǔ)在修飾著changes因此順序應(yīng)該做符

8、合中文習(xí)慣的調(diào)整。2. One leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better.【詞匯突破】authority權(quán)威harness使停止的意思co

9、nscious有意識(shí)的 intensely powerful mental event 在原文中就等于 dreams;【主干識(shí)別】one leading authority says that+賓語(yǔ)從句；【其他成分】賓語(yǔ)從句的主干是 these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious c

10、ontrol;并列連詞 not only ...but also…連接兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)詞 harnessed 和 brought； to help us sleep and feel better 為目的狀語(yǔ)【難點(diǎn)揭秘】動(dòng)詞的并列造成識(shí)別上的困難。C. US should cooperate with others to handle its plastic wasteD. innovative means are needed to el

11、iminate single-use plastics66. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Plastic Pollution Great Risk to Marine LifeB. US Top Contributor to Coastal Plastic PollutionC. Plastic Waste Major Source of Co

12、astal PollutionD. Recycling Effective Way to Address Plastic Waste63. A 64. C 65. B 66. B?課后作業(yè)Directions: Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished state

13、ments. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.（C）Fewer than 400 North Atlantic right whales remain in

14、 the wild, and not even 100 of them are breeding females. Their biggest survival threats are boat strikes and getting caught in fishing gear. Protecting these whales, such as by turning boats from dangerous encounters,

15、 requires positioning them more reliably — and new technology, described in the Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, could help make that possible.To listen for marine life, researchers often install underwater

16、 microphones called hydrophones on buoys （浮 標(biāo)）and robotic gliders （滑翔機(jī)）.The recorded audio is changed into spectrograms — visual representations of sound used to precisely recognize, fbr instance, specific whale species

17、, calls. But those distinctive sounds are often drowned out by other noise. In recent years researchers have used a machine-learning technique called deep learning to automate this analysis, but background sounds still

18、 block reliability.Now researchers have trained two deep-learning models specifically to cut through the noise. They started by giving the models thousands of “clean“ spectrograms with only North Atlantic right whale ca

19、lls. Then they slowly added in thousands of spectrograms mixed with typical background sounds, such as tanker engines. The program can successfully turn noisy spectrograms into clean ones, reducing false alarms and hel

20、ping spot whales before they reach dangerous areas, the scientists say.Shyam Madhusudhana, a Cornell University data engineer, who was not involved in the study, says he would want to see if such models could be used t

21、o locate other marine mammals （哺乳動(dòng)物），too. “Humpback whales and dolphins have much more complex speech pathways than the right whale,“ he notes. And University of East Anglia machine-learning researcher Ben Milner, one

22、of the study's authors, wants to take this technology above water as well — to Ukrainian forests, where he hopes to identify animals near the site of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster.University of St. Andrews behavioral

23、 ecologist Peter Tyack, who was not involved in the study, says this new system should be used to figure out where whales are throughout the year, so that these areas can be protected. “In terms of estimating the densi

24、ty and the number of these whales in places where it's hard to see them J Peter says, “this technology could be fantastic.But he warns that it should not be the only approach to preventing ship strikes. In his work,

25、 Tyack has found that North Atlantic right whales can be silent for hours at a time - so passive sound monitoring could easily miss one. And killing just a few, he adds, “could lead to extinction of the population.,9Wh

26、at does the new technology do to help protect the North Atlantic right whales?A. Locating the right whales precisely.B. Turning boats to encounter the right whales. C. Guiding the right whales away from fishing boats. D

27、. Positioning fishing boats reliably and thus deadly strikes.63. What is a major contribution of deep-learning models to reducing background noises?A. They turn off the nearby alarms that may create background noises. B.