[雙語翻譯]--旅游專業(yè)外文翻譯--西班牙南部的鄉(xiāng)村旅游業(yè)一次鄉(xiāng)村發(fā)展的機(jī)會(huì)（原文）

1、Modern Economy, 2014, 5, 152-160 Published Online February 2014 (http://www.scirp.org/journal/me) http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/me.2014.52017 OPEN ACCESS

2、 ME Rural Tourism in the South of Spain: An Opportunity for Rural Development Genoveva Millán Vázquez de la Torre1, Luis Amador Hidalgo2, Juan Manuel Arjona Fuentes1 1Departament of Quan

3、titative Methods, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Córdoba, Spain 2Departament of Economics, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Córdoba, Spain Email: gmillan@uloyola.es, lamador@uloyola.es, jmarjona@uloyola

4、.es Received December 24, 2013; revised January 24, 2014; accepted January 31, 2014 Copyright © 2014 Genoveva Millán Vázquez de la Torre et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creativ

5、e Com- mons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In accordance of the Creative Commons Attribution License all

6、Copyrights © 2014 are reserved for SCIRP and the owner of the intellectual property Genoveva Millán Vázquez de la Torre et al. All Copyright © 2014 are guarded by law and by SCIRP as a guardian. ABS

7、TRACT Tourism is one of the most enriching experiences, and even more so if it involves a rural habitat, in contact with the environment. This kind of tourism, one of the most requested by society currently, offers a gr

8、eat chance for developing rural areas. Rural tourism has become the solution for some problems that have become evident in those areas: the high rate of unemployment, rural exodus and primary sector dependence. So the

9、practice of this activity will generate and diversify income, and create employment. For this reason it is necessary to offer a product adapted to consumer tourist demand, and therefore it is essential to know profile

10、of the tourist. The Andalusian region, in the south of Spain, is famous for being a tourist area of great singularity exhibiting differ- ent degrees of development and models of touristic exploitation, strongly characte

11、rized by its offer of sun and beach. Today, this community does not limit itself to offering only a sun and beach experience since not all tour- ists that choose it as their destination have exclusive preference for thi

12、s sector. Among all the new proposals, one modality is rural tourism, which is the focal point of this study, especially those initiatives for rural tourism in natural parks. Rural tourism is a development factor that

13、will help to correct regional imbalances. Developmen- tal politics related directly to wealth generation in these rural areas can be bolstered by this activity. This study will estimate a forecast to model monthly rural

14、 tourist demand in Andalusia for 2014. Its aim is to reveal its evo- lution in the immediate future in order to propose measures to encourage activity in said tourism sector, by making use of the 24 natural parks and pr

15、otected areas located in this region. KEYWORDS Rural Tourism; Rural Development; Natural parks; Andalusia; Demand Forecast 1. Introduction Rural tourism is a tool to further regional development where there is a socio-e

16、conomic imbalance. In Spain, rural areas with low levels of income and productivity still prevail. Generally, they focus their production on economic activities directly related to the primary sector and suffer high

17、rates of unemployment. They need to diversify their income. These regions need sustainable growth through an economic culture based on the efficient administration of rural resources, involving the population whose m

18、ain aim is to achieve a socio-economic and environmental bal- ance. According to Etxano [1], rural tourism will provide additional income to what they already receive and stable employment. All in all, it will contrib

19、ute to reducing po- verty and redistributing income. We do not propose mak- ing tourism the main source of income in these regions, but we feel it could be an additional income contribution for the inhabitant. Median

20、o [2] and Buckley [3] point out that when tour- ists wish to enjoy the natural environment, they are in- clined to opt for rural tourism in contact with that natural environment to get away from traditional sun and sea

21、 tourism, because the latter tourism no longer satisfies new inclinations that have been appearing in our society G. M. V. D. L. TORRE ET AL. OPEN ACCESS

22、 ME 154 Figure 1. Rural tourism concept map. it. Of course, the participation of the people is a momen- tous factor in raising the level of association between towns. And one of the main weaknes

23、ses is the increasing public awareness of this potential boon to be exploited in the region. It is necessary to raise the region’s inhabitants’ degree of commitment toward tourism matters, because they will be the mo

24、st benefited. Equally, public bodies should promote development plans to make tourism ac- tivity easier in these zones. Although the growth of every region has to come from within the region itself, we should consider

25、 the resources and possibilities of the area to encourage them to offer a product which satisfies tourist consumers’ needs fully. Anton, Ne-lo in the long-term, the cost of living will increase, agricultural area w

26、ill decrease because of all these things; it will be necessary to have effective and efficient planning and management of all regional resources and be aware that tourist destinations should not run the risk of floodi

27、ng, which would cause them to lose all their charm, affirm Zhong, Deng, Song and Ding [18]. 3. Rural Tourism in Andalusia 3.1. Introduction The regional autonomy of Andalusia exhibits a preca- rious economic situation

28、 with high unemployment rates (36.37%), 10 points over the Spanish average (28.98%), along with low activity rates (58.94% compared to the 59.94% national average for the third trimester of 2013). It is one of the com

29、munities most affected by the eco- nomic crisis, which is especially serious in the rural areas of the region. Analyzing employment by sectors (Table 1), the An- dalusian population comprises 2.53 million people, whi-

30、 ch represents 15% of those employed nationwide, By sectors, 6.1% of workers are dedicated to agriculture, which is 2 points higher than the Spanish average of 4.2, and 79.7% are in the service sector, especially hig

31、hlight- ing those whose professional activity is dedicated to tourism (restaurants, hotels and shops). On the other hand, the region has many important nat- ural resources (24 natural parks and protected zones, Figure

32、 2) and cultural heritage located in rural areas. In these natural spaces it is possible to develop an activity like tourism to help generate complementary economic income for those in the agricultural sector. Since

33、these natural resources can be used in a sutaina- ble way, public administrations have lent their support to tourism as an opportunity to transform a rural productive structure, already obsolete as a result of the loss

34、 of inter- est in its facet as a supplier of primary products. In this sense, community initiative through the application of Leader structural funds (from the European Union), and the Spanish program PRODER (set of r

35、ural development programs that incorporate endogenous development in- itiatives that have been implemented exclusively in Spain) have shown to be efficient instruments, although it is true that, according to Pulido an