試析視覺文化視域中的“觀看”——以老照片為例

1、上海師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文 摘要 論文題目：試析視覺文化視域中的“觀看” ——以老照片為例 學(xué)科專業(yè)：文藝學(xué) 學(xué)位申請(qǐng)人：宋欣童 指導(dǎo)教師：賈明 中文摘要 中文摘要 “觀看” 每天都在發(fā)生， 特別是對(duì)于身處視覺文化時(shí)代的人們來說更是如此，但人們對(duì)于自己的觀看行為所代表的文化意義卻未必能夠覺察到。 觀看通常都

2、只是被視為人類生存之本能行為反應(yīng)， 也正是由于這種經(jīng)驗(yàn)上的直接性和自然性遮蔽了“觀看”背后相應(yīng)的意識(shí)形態(tài)、經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)以及文化規(guī)則。本文所做的研究，即是將“看”置于視覺文化的背景中，通過對(duì)具體觀看活動(dòng)的多角度剖析，試圖分析“觀看”背后的文化機(jī)制。 本論文共分為三部分：第一部分是圍繞視覺文化以及觀看所作的基礎(chǔ)理論的梳理和闡明，其中涉及對(duì)視覺性、視覺化、觀看等基礎(chǔ)概念的明確，概括了視覺文化自身的發(fā)展歷程，另外將觀看與文化、意識(shí)形態(tài)結(jié)合起來進(jìn)行系

3、統(tǒng)分析。第二部分主要是以老照片為分析的切入點(diǎn)， 試圖在分析老照片的過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)觀看背后的種種機(jī)制。首先，對(duì)于 20 世紀(jì)末出現(xiàn)的老照片現(xiàn)象作大致觀察，梳理了其中出現(xiàn)的各個(gè)時(shí)期不同類型的老照片， 并結(jié)合攝影對(duì)其進(jìn)行分析， 力求對(duì)老照片的整體和局部都有一定程度的把握。 其次， 從現(xiàn)代性懷舊的角度對(duì)觀看老照片這一行為進(jìn)行論述；最后，從挖掘老照片所呈現(xiàn)出的另一種歷史開始，繼而展開對(duì)于老照片的“視覺場(chǎng)域” 、觀看的不同視角的詳細(xì)分析與論述。第三部分

4、是對(duì)于視覺文化主導(dǎo)下的觀看情境進(jìn)行探尋， 主要從分析觀看所處的多維環(huán)境以及反思現(xiàn)代觀看行為兩方面進(jìn)行研究。 總之，視覺圖像以各種方式滲入社會(huì)生活的方方面面是不爭(zhēng)的事實(shí)，視覺已成為主導(dǎo)我們感知體系最重要的力量。 觀看老照片不應(yīng)僅限于視覺懷舊的心理需求， 照片蘊(yùn)含有豐富的歷史文化信息， 有待現(xiàn)代主體在觀看老照片的過程中進(jìn)一步挖掘。更為重要的是，觀看活動(dòng)并非是純粹客觀的規(guī)律性活動(dòng)，觀看這一行Shanghai Normal University

5、 Master of Philosophy Abstract Abstract “Seeing“ happens every day, especially for the people that in the era of visual culture, however, the cultural significance the behav

6、ior of “Seeing“ represented may not be able to perceive by the people. “Seeing“ usually is regarded as human survival instinct of behavioral responses, it is because of this experience on directness and naturalness cover

7、ed “see“ behind the corresponding ideology, economic activity and cultural rules. Research, this paper has done is “Defamiliarization” the “seeing”, put the behavior in the background of the visual culture, based on the

8、specific multi-angle of “seeing” to deep analysis, try to dig the social, political, economic, and cultural factors which around the behavior of Seeing. This thesis is divided into three parts: the first part is about c

9、larifying the basic theories of visual culture and “seeing”, which involved the basic concept of visuality, visualize, and seeing, summary situation of the development of visual culture itself concisely, in addition, com

10、bined seeing with culture and ideology to analyses. The second part，from the analysis of old photos to find a breakthrough point ,trying to find the cultural and ideological mechanism. First of all, Be familiar with the

11、end of the 20th century phenomenon of old photos, find the various periods of different types of old photos, and combined with photography to analyze it. Secondly, from the Angle of modernity nostalgic, the essay discuss

12、es the behavior of seeing old photos. Finally, dig the old photos which reflects the new historical, then launched the “visual field“ of old photographs, see the detailed analysis and discusses different perspectives. Th

13、e third part composed by two aspects, in the quest for seeing the situation which is dominated by the visual culture, mainly from analyzing multidimensional environment and reflection on modern seeing. In short, visual i

14、mages entered every aspect of social life in varieties of ways. And it is an indisputable fact that vision has become the most important strength that leading our perception system. See the old photos should not be limit