漢代小農(nóng)破產(chǎn)的原因與歸宿——兼與羅馬小農(nóng)的比較

1、南京師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文漢代小農(nóng)破產(chǎn)的原因與歸宿——兼與羅馬小農(nóng)的比較姓名：章慧芳申請學(xué)位級別：碩士專業(yè)：歷史學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師：張進(jìn)2009-04-27Abstract IIAbstract The problems of peasants’ bankruptcy emerged in Han Dynasty with a varying degree. The reasons for the phenomena were varied an

2、d ranged from natural factors to social factors. There were different outlets for the bankrupt farmers. In the same period, ancient Rome faced tremendous socioeconomic changes. Tens of thousands of peasants had lost thei

3、r lands. This article is an attempt to analyze the causes of Han Dynasty and ancient Rome’s peasants’ bankruptcy, discuss their outlets, in order to find out the comparability and diversity. To understand the peasants’ d

4、ifference intensively between East and West, I write the article. The article consists of five parts: PartⅠ is the introduction, which includes the study situations about the peasants in Han Dynasty and ancient Rome, som

5、e conceptions, research methods and purposes. PartⅡ discusses the causes of peasants bankruptcy in Han Dynasty produced, including nature disaster, land annexation, heavy taxation and forced labor burden, officials’ cor

6、ruption, commercial capital and usurer’s capital exploitation and war producing devastation. This part explains the out way of these kinds of peasants. There were refugees, immigrates, mercenaries, dependent peasants, sl

7、aves or insurrectionary. Part Ⅲ discusses the causes of peasants bankruptcy in the ancient Rome produced, including war producing devastation, land annexation, usurer’s capital exploitation, the dumping of cheap commodit

8、ies, heavy taxation and forced labor burden. This part explains the out way of these kinds of peasants. There were lumpen-proletariats, mercenaries, insurrectionary, colonies or immigrates. Part Ⅳ compares the peasants’

9、differences between Han Dynasty and ancient Rome. Research focuses on the differences of geographical environment, history and culture. Part Ⅴis the conclusion,which summarizes the whole article. Keywords: Han Dynasty,