經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)常用英語(yǔ)詞匯

1、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)常用英語(yǔ)詞匯Aaccounting會(huì)計(jì)accountingcost會(huì)計(jì)成本accountingprofit會(huì)計(jì)利潤(rùn)adverseion逆向選擇allocation配置allocationofresources資源配置allocativeefficiency配置效率antitrustlegislation反托拉斯法arcelasticity弧彈性Assumption假設(shè)asymetricinfmation非對(duì)稱(chēng)性信息average平

2、均averagecost平均成本averagecostpricing平均成本定價(jià)法averagefixedcost平均固定成本averageproductofcapital資本平均產(chǎn)averageproductoflabour勞動(dòng)平均產(chǎn)量averagerevenue平均收益averagetotalcost平均總成本averagevariablecost平均可變成本Bbarrierstoentry進(jìn)入壁壘baseyear基年bilater

3、almonopoly雙邊壟斷benefit收益blackmarket黑市blisspoint極樂(lè)點(diǎn)boundarypoint邊界點(diǎn)breakevenpoint收支相抵點(diǎn)budget預(yù)算budgetconstraint預(yù)算約束budgetline預(yù)算線(xiàn)budgetset預(yù)算集Ccapital資本capitalstock資本存量capitaloutputratio資本產(chǎn)出比率capitalism資本主義cardinalutilitythey

4、基數(shù)效用論cartel卡特爾ceterispuribusassumption“其他條件不變”的假設(shè)ceterispuribusdemcurve其他因素不變的需求曲線(xiàn)Chamberlinmodel張伯倫模型changeindem需求變化changeinquantitydemed需求量變化changeinquantitysupplied供給量變化changeinsupply供給變化choice選擇closedset閉集Coasetheem科

5、斯定理cobwebmodel蛛網(wǎng)模型collectivebargaining集體協(xié)議工資collusion合謀commeconomy指令經(jīng)濟(jì)commodity商品commoditycombination商品組合commoditymarket商品市場(chǎng)commodityspace商品空間commonproperty公用財(cái)產(chǎn)comparativestaticanalysis比較靜態(tài)分析compensatedbudgetline補(bǔ)償預(yù)算線(xiàn)com

6、pensateddemfunction補(bǔ)償需求函數(shù)compensationprinciples補(bǔ)償原則compensatingvariationinincome收入補(bǔ)償變量competition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)competitivemarket競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性市場(chǎng)complementgoods互補(bǔ)品completeinfmation完全信息completeness完備性conditionfefficiencyinproduction生產(chǎn)的最優(yōu)條件concav

7、e凹concavefunction凹函數(shù)concavepreference凹偏好consistence一致性constantcostindustry成本不變產(chǎn)業(yè)constantreturnstoscale規(guī)模報(bào)酬不變constraints約束consumer消費(fèi)者consumerbehavi消費(fèi)者行為consumerchoice消費(fèi)者選擇consumerequilibrium消費(fèi)者均衡consumeroptimization消費(fèi)者優(yōu)化c

8、onsumerpreference消費(fèi)者偏好consumersurplus消費(fèi)者剩余consumerthey消費(fèi)者理論consumption消費(fèi)consumptionbundle消費(fèi)束consumptioncombination消費(fèi)組合consumptionpossibilitycurve消費(fèi)可能曲線(xiàn)consumptionpossibilityfrontier消費(fèi)可能性前沿consumptionset消費(fèi)集consumptionspac

9、e消費(fèi)空間continuity連續(xù)性continuousfunction連續(xù)函數(shù)contractcurve契約曲線(xiàn)convex凸convexfunction凸函數(shù)convexpreference凸偏好convexset凸集cpatlon公司cost成本costbenefitanalysis成本收益分costfunction成本函數(shù)costminimization成本極小化Cournotequilihrium古諾均衡Cross—price

10、elasticity交叉價(jià)格彈性Ddead—weightsloss重負(fù)損失decreasingcostindustry成本遞減產(chǎn)業(yè)decreasingreturnstoscale規(guī)模報(bào)酬遞減deduction演繹法dem需求demcurve需求曲線(xiàn)demelasticity需求彈性demfunction需求函數(shù)demprice需求價(jià)格demschedule需求表depreciation折舊derivative導(dǎo)數(shù)derivedem派生需

11、求differenceequation差分方程differentialequation微分方程differentiatedgood差異商品differentiatedoligoply差異寡頭diminishingmarginalsubstitution邊際替代率遞減diminishingmarginalreturn收益遞減diminishingmarginalutility邊際效用遞減directapproach直接法directtax

12、es直接稅discounting貼稅、折扣diseconomiesofscale規(guī)模不經(jīng)濟(jì)disequilibrium非均衡distribution分配divisionoflabour勞動(dòng)分工distributiontheyofmarginalproductivity邊際生產(chǎn)率分配論duoupoly雙頭壟斷、雙寡duality對(duì)偶durablegoods耐用品dynamicanalysis動(dòng)態(tài)分析institutionaleconomi

13、cs制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)insurance保險(xiǎn)intercept截距interest利息interestrate利息率intermediategoods中間產(chǎn)品internatizationofexternalities外部性?xún)?nèi)部化invention發(fā)明inversedemfunction逆需求函數(shù)investment投資invisibleh看不見(jiàn)的手isocostline等成本線(xiàn)，isoprofitcurve等利潤(rùn)曲線(xiàn)isoquantcurve

14、等產(chǎn)量曲線(xiàn)isoquantmap等產(chǎn)量族Llabour勞動(dòng)labourdem勞動(dòng)需求laboursupply勞動(dòng)供給labourtheyofvalue勞動(dòng)價(jià)值論labourunions工會(huì)laissezfaire自由放任l土地law法則lawofdemsupply供需法lawofdiminishingmarginalrateoftechnicalsubstitution邊際技術(shù)替代率lawofincreasingcost成本遞增法則la

15、wofoneprice單一價(jià)格法則leader—followermodel領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者跟隨者模型least—costcombinationofinputs最低成本的投入組合leisure閑暇Leontiefproductionfunction列昂節(jié)夫生產(chǎn)函數(shù)licenses許可證lineardemfunction線(xiàn)性需求函數(shù)linearhomogeneity線(xiàn)性齊次性linearhomogeneousproductionfunction線(xiàn)性齊

16、次生產(chǎn)函數(shù)longrun長(zhǎng)期longrunaveragecost長(zhǎng)期平均成本longrunequilibrium長(zhǎng)期均衡longrunindustrysupplycurve長(zhǎng)期產(chǎn)業(yè)供給曲線(xiàn)longrunmarginalcost長(zhǎng)期邊際成本longruntotalcost長(zhǎng)期總成本Lenzcurve洛倫茲曲線(xiàn)lossminimization損失極小化1umpsumtax一次性征稅luxury奢侈品Mmacroeconomics宏觀(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)m

17、arginal邊際的marginalbenefit邊際收益marginalcost邊際成本marginalcostpricing邊際成本定價(jià)marginalcostoffact邊際要素成本marginalperiod市場(chǎng)期marginalphysicalproductivity實(shí)際實(shí)物生產(chǎn)率marginalproduct邊際產(chǎn)量marginalproductofcapital資本的邊際產(chǎn)量marginalproductof1abour勞

18、動(dòng)的邊際產(chǎn)量marginalproductivity邊際生產(chǎn)率marginalrateofsubstitution邊替代率marginalrateoftransfmation邊際轉(zhuǎn)換率marginalreturns邊際回報(bào)marginalrevenue邊際收益marginalrevenueproduct邊際收益產(chǎn)品marginalrevolution邊際革命marginalsocialbenefit社會(huì)邊際收益marginalsocia

19、lcost社會(huì)邊際成本marginalutility邊際效用marginalvalueproducts邊際價(jià)值產(chǎn)品market市場(chǎng)marketclearance市場(chǎng)結(jié)清，市場(chǎng)洗清marketdem市場(chǎng)需求marketeconomy市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)marketequilibrium市場(chǎng)均衡marketfailure市場(chǎng)失敗marketmechanism市場(chǎng)機(jī)制marketstructure市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)marketseparation市場(chǎng)分割marke

20、tregulation市場(chǎng)調(diào)節(jié)marketshare市場(chǎng)份額markuppricing加減定價(jià)法maximization極大化microeconomics微觀(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)minimumwage最低工資misallocationofresources資源誤置mixedeconomy混合經(jīng)濟(jì)model模型money貨幣monopolisticcompetition壟斷競(jìng)爭(zhēng)monopolisticexploitation壟斷剝削monopoly壟斷

21、，賣(mài)方壟斷monopolyequilibrium壟斷均衡monopolypricing壟斷定價(jià)monopolyregulation壟斷調(diào)控monopolyrents壟斷租金monopsony買(mǎi)方壟斷NNashequilibrium納什均衡Naturalmonopoly自然壟斷Naturalresources自然資源Necessarycondition必要條件necessities必需品dem凈需求nonconvexpreference非

22、凸性偏好nonconvexity非凸性nonexclusion非排斥性nonlinearpricing非線(xiàn)性定價(jià)nonrivalry非對(duì)抗性nonpricecompetition非價(jià)格競(jìng)爭(zhēng)nonsatiation非飽和性nonzero—sumgame非零和對(duì)策nmalgoods正常品nmalprofit正常利潤(rùn)nmativeeconomics規(guī)范經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)Oobjectivefunction目標(biāo)函數(shù)oligopoly寡頭壟斷oligopol

23、ymarket寡頭市場(chǎng)oligopolymodel寡頭模型opptunitycost機(jī)會(huì)成本optimalchoice最佳選擇optimalconsumptionbundle消費(fèi)束perfectelasticity完全有彈性optimalresourceallocation最佳資源配置optimalscale最佳規(guī)模optimalsolution最優(yōu)解optimization優(yōu)化deringofoptimization(social)p

24、reference(社會(huì))偏好排序dinalutility序數(shù)效用dinarygoods一般品output產(chǎn)量、產(chǎn)出outputelasticity產(chǎn)出彈性outputmaximization產(chǎn)出極大化Pparameter參數(shù)partialderivative偏導(dǎo)數(shù)partialequilibrium局部均衡patent專(zhuān)利payoffmatrix收益矩陣、支付矩陣perceiveddemcurve感覺(jué)到的需求曲線(xiàn)perfectcomp