上海高考英語新題型之概要寫作(summary)

1、上海高考英語新題型之概要寫作上海高考英語新題型之概要寫作澄衷高級中學澄衷高級中學孫吉孫吉從2017年起，上海英語高考試卷的題型將面臨許多調(diào)整，其中之一便是增加了概要寫作（Summarywriting），也有許多人將之稱為“小作文”。概要寫作分值占據(jù)15分，考查的是考生閱讀和寫作的綜合能力。概要寫作所給定的語篇一般在200250字，內(nèi)容豐富多樣，包含故事、時政、科普等，體裁以記敘文、說明文為主，字數(shù)一般要求在5060字，答案盡量符合“Ke

2、ypointsofasummary”的要求。一正確認識概要寫作一正確認識概要寫作1.Definitionofsummarywriting（概要寫作的定義）（概要寫作的定義）Bysummarywemeanabriefrestatementinyourownwdsofthecontentofapassageanarticleachapterabook.2.Keypointsofasummary（概要寫作的要點）（概要寫作的要點）Concis

3、eness（簡要性）（簡要性）：Omitunnecessarydetailslikeexamplesexplanationsotherunimptantinfmation.Length:1413oftheiginalpleteness（完整性）（完整性）：Toincludeallthemainsupptingpointsdeliveredinyouownwdsinacondensedmanner.Accuracy（準確性）（準確性）：T

4、ogivethesameattentionstresstothepointsastheauthdoes.Coherence（連貫性）（連貫性）：Ratherthananoutlinelistedaskeywdsphrasesasummaryisaparagraphwithnecessarytransitionsfunctionstructurestomakeitflow.Objectivity（客觀性）（客觀性）：Donotinclud

5、eyourownideasemotionsonthetopic.Thesummaryshouldreflectthecontentoftheiginalpassageonly.3.Stepstowriteasummary（概要寫作的步驟）（概要寫作的步驟）1）Skimthetexttofindoutthegeneraltheme.2）Analyzethetext’sstructuretodivideitintoseveralsectio

6、nsfindoutthemainideaofeachsectionwriteitoutbrieflywithyourownwds.(onesentence)3）Writedownthekeysupptingpointsfeachmainideawithoutinvolvingmindetails.4）ganizethemainrelatedsupptingpointsinalogicalderwithnecessarytransitio

7、nstoachievecoherence.5）Proofreadfgrammaticalspellingpunctuationmistakes.4.Beginningofasummary（概要寫作的開頭）（概要寫作的開頭）Beginyoursummarywith:Theauth’snameThearticle’schapter’snameTheauth’sthesisstatement—ageneraloverview(survey)o

8、fthearticle.TheBody:Firstofalltheauthdescribes……What—gotlostwasfoundWhy—gowaterskiingalonetoothrilledResult—fathercametoherrescue列出了要點之后，我們就可以用自己的話將要點組織起來，概括成一段約50詞的通順概要：Thepassagetellsusthewriter’sexperienceofadventure.

9、Oncethewriterwasonatriptoalakewhereshewentwaterskiingalone.Shewassoexcitedenjoyedherselfthatsoonshegotlost.Ftunatelyherfatherfinallycametoherrescue.（44wds）三說明文概要寫作要點點撥三說明文概要寫作要點點撥說明文體的閱讀材料內(nèi)容大致可以分為以下幾類：現(xiàn)象揭示類：現(xiàn)象揭示類：Thearti

10、clepointsoutthecommonphenomenon—(主題)，which…(補充解釋)利弊對比類：利弊對比類：ThearticlecomparesthedisadvantagesbenefitsofAB.A…whileB…Thepassagediscussestheimpactofsth.Onthepositiveside…butitmayalso…研究顯示類：研究顯示類：Thestudyrevealsthat…Thepur

11、poseofthereptistoshowthat…下文是課堂訓練的一個例子：Directions:Pleasereadthefollowingpassagewriteasummaryofitinnomethan60wds.Alargesourceofrubbishispackagingmaterial.Itoftenmakesupmethan30percentofthetotal.Tounderstwhythisistruethink

12、ofthepackagingcommonlyusedfasimpleproductsuchastoothpaste.Thepackagingincludesnotonlythetubefthetoothpastebutalsotheboxfthetube.Thisboxisputintoaplasticwrapper.Thentheboxesaretransptedinacardboardcontainer.Mostpackagingm

13、aterialendsupinalfillafteritisthrownaway.Thoughnecessarylfillstakeupvaluablespaceoftenstink（發(fā)出惡臭）canleakharmfulsubstancesintothesoil.Lfillsnotincludedtheproductionofpackagingmaterialitselfisamajsourceofairwaterpollution.

14、Peoplearenowtryingtosolvetheproblemscausedbypackagingmaterials.In1991Germanytooktheleadbyrequiringcompaniestorecyclethepackagingusedftheirgoods.Todothisthecompaniessetuprecyclingbinsineveryneighbhood.Consumersnowseparate

15、theirrubbishintothreecategies—metalplasticpapercartons.Theythenputitintotheappropriatebin.Therubbishsteditistransptedtoarecyclingcompanyfprocessing.Theprogrammewkedwellatfirst.Howevertheamountofrubbishhasbeguntoincreasea