約克安特衛(wèi)普規(guī)則(中英對照)

1、約克安特衛(wèi)普規(guī)則1994（YKANTWERPRULES1994）IntheadjustmentofgeneralaveragethefollowingRulesshallapplytotheexclusionofanyLawPracticeinconsistenttherewith.共同海損理算，適用下列規(guī)則，凡與這些規(guī)則相抵觸的法律和慣例都不適用。ExceptasprovidedbytheRuleParamountthenumbere

2、dRulesgeneralaverageshallbeadjustedaccdingtotheletteredRules.除首要規(guī)則和數(shù)字規(guī)則已有規(guī)定者外，共同海損應(yīng)按字母規(guī)則理算。RULEPARAMOUNT首要規(guī)則Innocaseshalltherebeanyallowancefsacrificeexpenditureunlessreasonablymadeincurred.犧牲或費(fèi)用，除合理做出或支付者外，不得受到補(bǔ)償。RULEA規(guī)

3、則AThereisageneralaverageactwhenonlywhenanyextradinarysacrificeexpenditureisintentionallyreasonablymadeincurredfthecommonsafetyfthepurposeofpreservingfromperilthepropertyinvolvedinacommonmaritimeadventure.只有在為了共同安全，使同一航程中

4、的財(cái)產(chǎn)脫離危險(xiǎn)，有意而合理地做出特殊犧牲或支付特殊費(fèi)用時(shí)，才能構(gòu)成共同海損行為。Generalaveragesacrificesexpendituresshallbebnebythedifferentcontributinginterestsonthebasishereinafterprovided.共同海損犧牲和費(fèi)用，應(yīng)按下列規(guī)定，由各分?jǐn)偡椒謹(jǐn)?。RULEB規(guī)則BThereisacommonmaritimeadventurewheno

5、nemevesselsaretowingpushinganothervesselvesselsprovidedthattheyareallinvolvedincommercialactivitiesnotinasalvageoperation.如果船舶拖帶或頂推其他船舶而它們都從事商業(yè)活動而不是救助作業(yè)，則處于同一航程之中。Whenmeasuresaretakentopreservethevesselstheircargoesifany

6、fromacommonperiltheseRulesshallapply.如果所采取的措施是為了使這些船舶及其貨物（如果有）脫離共同危險(xiǎn)，則應(yīng)適用本規(guī)則。Avesselisnotincommonperilwithanothervesselvesselsifbysimplydisconnectingfromtheothervesselvesselssheisinsafetybutifthedisconnectionisitselfagen

7、eralaverageactthecommonmaritimeadventurecontinues.如果一艘船舶只要脫離其他船舶便能獲得安全，則同其他船舶不處于共同的危險(xiǎn)之中，但如果脫離本身是共同海損行為，則共同航程繼續(xù)存在。RULEC規(guī)則COnlysuchlossesdamagesexpenseswhicharethedirectconsequenceofthegeneralaverageactshallbeallowedasgene

8、ralaverage.只有屬于共同海損行為直接后果的損失或費(fèi)用，才應(yīng)作為共同海損。Innocaseshalltherebeanyallowanceingeneralaverageflossesdamagesexpensesincurredinrespectofdamagetotheenvironmentinconsequenceoftheescapereleaseofpollutantsubstancesfromthepropertyi

9、nvolvedinthecommonmaritimeadventure.環(huán)境損害或因同一航程中的財(cái)產(chǎn)漏出或排放污染物所引起的損失或費(fèi)用不得認(rèn)作共同海損。Demurragelossofmarketanylossdamagesustainedexpenseincurredbyreasonofdelaywhetheronthevoyagesubsequentlyanyindirectlosswhatsoevershallnotbeadmitt

10、edasgeneralaverage.不論是在航程中或其后發(fā)生的滯期損失、行市損失和任何因遲延所遭受的損失或支付的費(fèi)用以及任何間接損失都不得認(rèn)作共同海損。RULED規(guī)則DRightstocontributioningeneralaverageshallnotbeaffectedthoughtheeventwhichgaverisetothesacrificeexpendituremayhavebeenduetothefaultofone

11、ofthepartiestotheadventurebutthisshallnotprejudiceanyremediesdefenceswhichmaybeopenagainsttothatpartyinrespectofsuchfault.即使引起犧牲或費(fèi)用的事故，可能是由于航程中某一方的過失所造成的，也不影響要求分?jǐn)偣餐p的權(quán)利，規(guī)則二為了共同安全做出犧牲所造成的損失Lossofdamagetothepropertyinvolv

12、edinthecommonmaritimeadventurebyinconsequenceofasacrificemadefthecommonsafetybywaterwhichgoesdownaship’shatchesopenedotheropeningmadefthepurposeofmakingajettisonfthecommonsafetyshallbemadegoodasgeneralaverage.為了共同安全做出犧牲或

13、其后果和為了共同安全進(jìn)行拋棄而開艙或打洞以致進(jìn)水，造成共同航程中的財(cái)產(chǎn)的損失，應(yīng)作為共同海損受到補(bǔ)償。RULEIII.EXTINGUISHINGFIREONSHIPBOARD規(guī)則三撲滅船上火災(zāi)Damagedonetoashipcargoeitherofthembywaterotherwiseincludingdamagebybeachingscuttlingaburningshipinextinguishingafireonboardt

14、heshipshallbemadegoodasgeneralaverageexceptthatnocompensationshallbemadefdamagebysmokehowevercausedbyheatofthefire.為了撲滅船上火災(zāi)，因水或其他原因使船舶、貨物遭受損壞，包括將著火船舶擱淺或鑿沉所造成的損壞，均應(yīng)作為共同海損受到補(bǔ)償。但由于煙熏或因火引起熱烤所造成的損壞除外。RULEIV.CUTTINGAWAYWRECK規(guī)則

15、四切除殘余部分Lossdamagesustainedbycuttingawaywreckpartsoftheshipwhichhavebeenpreviouslycarriedawayareeffectivelylostbyaccidentshallnotbemadegoodasgeneralaverage.因切除由于意外事故原已折斷或?qū)嶋H上已經(jīng)毀損的船舶殘留部分所遭受的損失，不得作為共同海損受到補(bǔ)償。RULEV.VOLUNTARYST

16、RING規(guī)則五有意擱淺Whenashipisintentionallyrunonshefthecommonsafetywhethernotshemighthavebeendrivenonshetheconsequentlossdamagetothepropertyinvolvedinthecommonmaritimeadventureshallbeallowedingeneralaverage.船舶無論是否勢必?cái)R淺，如果為了共同安全有意

17、擱淺，因此所造成的共同航程中的財(cái)產(chǎn)的損失應(yīng)認(rèn)作共同海損。RULEVI.SALVAGEREMUNERATION規(guī)則六救助報(bào)酬(a)Expenditureincurredbythepartiestotheadventureinthenatureofsalvagewhetherundercontractotherwiseshallbeallowedingeneralaverageprovidedthatthesalvageoperations

18、werecarriedoutfthepurposeofpreservingfromperilthepropertyinvolvedinthecommonmaritimeadventure.(1)航程中各有關(guān)方所支付的救助費(fèi)用，不論救助是否根據(jù)契約進(jìn)行，都應(yīng)認(rèn)入共同海損，但以使在同一航程中的財(cái)產(chǎn)脫離危險(xiǎn)而進(jìn)行的救助為限。Expenditureallowedingeneralaverageshallincludeanysalvageremu

19、nerationinwhichtheskillefftsofthesalvsinpreventingminimisingdamagetotheenvironmentsuchasisreferredtoinArt.13paragraph1(b)oftheInternationalConventiononSalvage1989havebeentakenintoaccount.認(rèn)入共同海損的費(fèi)用應(yīng)包括1989年國際救助公約第13條第1款（b）

20、所述的考慮到救助人在防止或減輕環(huán)境損害中的技藝和努力而付給救助人的任何救助報(bào)酬。(b)SpecialcompensationpayabletoasalvbytheshipownerunderArt.14ofthesaidConventiontotheextentspecifiedinparagraph4oftheArticleunderanyotherprovisionsimilarinsubstanceshallnotbeallowe

21、dingeneralaverage.（2）根據(jù)上述公約第14條第4款或任何其他實(shí)質(zhì)上類似的規(guī)定由船舶所有人付給救助人的特別補(bǔ)償不得認(rèn)入共同海損。RULEVII.DAMAGETOMACHINERYBOILERS規(guī)則七機(jī)器和鍋爐的損壞Damagecausedtoanymachineryboilersofashipwhichisasheinapositionofperilinendeavouringtorefloatshallbeallowe