研究計劃-research-proposal-模板

1、每個學(xué)術(shù)研究者必須經(jīng)歷的一道關(guān)卡，就是ResearchProposal的寫作。它大致對應(yīng)中文里的“開題報告”、“選題報告”、“研究報告”，是一項研究開始之前的提綱、規(guī)劃和陳述；既是為了幫助自己梳理文獻(xiàn)、整理思路、廓清方向，也常常是寫給相關(guān)他人的說明：研究動機(jī)和意義何在？可能有何成果？為什么它值得你的資助認(rèn)可支持批準(zhǔn)？不知道是否可以說，好的proposal是研究成功的一半。但實際而功利的說，如果你的proposal很爛，可能根本就不會有開

2、始研究的機(jī)會。Howtowritearesearchproposal能否寫出漂亮的proposal，本質(zhì)上取決于你對研究的思考深度和專業(yè)水準(zhǔn)。但形式也很重要。英文的ResearchProposal自有一套“八股”。程式化和結(jié)構(gòu)化的好處就在于，可以讓讀者直接集中注意到最本質(zhì)的內(nèi)容上，而不是為形式分神。對于非英語nativespeaker的我們，如何理解英文學(xué)術(shù)世界的規(guī)范或曰思維定勢，也是寫作proposal之前必備的背景知識。下面這篇流傳

3、甚廣的ResearchProposal寫作指南，言簡意賅，頗具啟發(fā)，對我自己的寫作有所幫助，也希望能給更多的學(xué)界同仁帶來便利。[點(diǎn)擊這里，查看更多關(guān)于RESEARCHPROPOSAL以及GRANTPROPOSAL、PROJECTPROPOSAL寫作的網(wǎng)上資源]文章作者PaulT.P.WongPh.D.C.Psych.(ResearchDirectGraduatePrograminCounsellingPsychology.Trinity

4、WesternUniversityLangleyBCCanada).題為：HowtoWriteaResearchProposal.全文轉(zhuǎn)載如下：Moststudentsbeginningresearchersdonotfullyunderstwhataresearchproposalmeansndotheyunderstitsimptance.Toputitbluntlyone’sresearchisonlyasagoodasone’s

5、proposal.AnillconceivedproposaldoomstheprojectevenifitsomehowgetsthroughtheThesisSupervisyCommittee.AhighqualityproposalontheotherhnotonlypromisessuccessftheprojectbutalsoimpressesyourThesisCommitteeaboutyourpotentialasa

6、researcher.Aresearchproposalisintendedtoconvinceothersthatyouhaveawthwhileresearchprojectthatyouhavethecompetencethewkplantocompleteit.Generallyaresearchproposalshouldcontainallthekeyelementsinvolvedintheresearchprocessi

7、ncludesufficientinfmationfthereaderstoevaluatetheproposedstudy.Regardlessofyourresearchareathemethodologyyouchooseallresearchproposalsmustaddressthefollowingquestions:Whatyouplantoaccomplishwhyyouwanttodoithowyouaregoing

8、todoit.Theproposalshouldhavesufficientinfmationtoconvinceyourreadersthatyouhaveanimptantresearchideathatyouhaveagoodgraspoftherelevantliteraturethemajissuesthatyourmethodologyissound.1.Statetheresearchproblemwhichisoften

9、referredtoasthepurposeofthestudy.2.Providethecontextsetthestagefyourresearchquestioninsuchawayastoshowitsnecessityimptance.3.Presenttherationaleofyourproposedstudyclearlyindicatewhyitiswthdoing.4.Brieflydescribethemajiss

10、uessubproblemstobeaddressedbyyourresearch.5.Identifythekeyindependentdependentvariablesofyourexperiment.Alternativelyspecifythephenomenonyouwanttostudy.6.Stateyourhypothesistheyifany.Fexplatyphenomenologicalresearchyouma

11、ynothaveanyhypotheses.(Pleasedonotconfusethehypothesiswiththestatisticalnullhypothesis.)7.Setthedelimitationboundariesofyourproposedresearchindertoprovideaclearfocus.8.Providedefinitionsofkeyconcepts.(Thisisoptional.)LIT

12、ERATUREREVIEW:Sometimestheliteraturereviewisincpatedintotheintroductionsection.Howevermostprofessspreferaseparatesectionwhichallowsamethoughreviewoftheliterature.Theliteraturereviewservesseveralimptantfunctions:1.Ensures

13、thatyouarenot“reinventingthewheel”.2.Givescreditstothosewhohavelaidthegroundwkfyourresearch.3.Demonstratesyourknowledgeoftheresearchproblem.4.Demonstratesyourunderstingofthetheeticalresearchissuesrelatedtoyourresearchque

14、stion.5.Showsyourabilitytocriticallyevaluaterelevantliteratureinfmation.6.Indicatesyourabilitytointegratesynthesizetheexistingliterature.7.Providesnewtheeticalinsightsdevelopsanewmodelastheconceptualframewkfyourresearch.

15、8.Convincesyourreaderthatyourproposedresearchwillmakeasignificantsubstantialcontributiontotheliterature(i.e.resolvinganimptanttheeticalissuefillingamajgapintheliterature).Moststudents’literaturereviewssufferfromthefollow

16、ingproblems:LackingganizationstructureLackingfocusunitycoherenceBeingrepetitiveverboseFailingtociteinfluentialpapersFailingtokeepupwithrecentdevelopmentsFailingtocriticallyevaluatecitedpapersCitingirrelevanttrivialrefere