unit6 as his name is , so is he 人如其名

1、Unit 6 As His Name Is, So Is He!,人 如 其 名,as…, so… 表示類比,More examples★ As the desert is like a sea, so is the camel like a ship. (沙漠似海，駱駝似舟)★ As is the father, so is the son. (有其父必有其子),Lead-in,Taboos when Chin

2、ese naming a child,Forefathers’ names.Names that are hard to pronounce.Names that are too “fashionable”.Names with the pronunciations of inelegant things.胡禮經(jīng)（狐貍精）、沈晶柄（神經(jīng)?。?、杜紫藤（肚子疼）等。,,Why do people do that when they w

3、ant to have a name?,Is there any difference between Chinese name and English name?,name,Chinese name English name,VS,surname + given name,first name+ middle name + surname,

4、Differences,Similarity: They are all passed from father to son. Difference: 1.position (first/last) 2.women’s surname after marriage,,Chinese surname single word e.g.: 張 王 李 趙 劉 compound surnam

5、e e.g.: 歐陽/上官/司馬/諸葛,English surname Diane Nora James: James is the surname, but when Diane marries William Jeremy Smith ,you should call her Mrs.Smith or Diane Nora James Smith .,Do you know the meaning of the fol

6、lowing names?,◇Michael ◇ Richard ◇ Robert ◇ Stephen ◇ William ◇ Victor,◇上帝的使者 ◇勇敢的人 ◇名聲赫赫的人 ◇王冠 ◇強(qiáng)大的捍衛(wèi)者 ◇勝利者,◇ Alice ◇ Angela ◇ Anna ◇ Catherine ◇ Diana ◇ Elizabeth,◇真理 ◇天

7、使 ◇優(yōu)雅、仁慈 ◇純潔、真誠 ◇月亮女神 ◇獻(xiàn)身上帝的人,Diana,,What’s your English name? Do you know its meaning? Fabiana: the name of plant.,,How did Debbie feel about her first name and why? Para. 1,Para. 1,For her first twenty-four yea

8、rs, she'd been known as Debbie --a name that didn't suit her good looks and elegant manner.“ My name has always made me think I should be a cook," she complained. "I just don't feel like a Debbie.&q

9、uot;,,How did Debbie feel about her first name and why? …a name that didn’t suit her good looks and elegant manner. “My name has always made me think I should be a cook.”,,在她人生最初的24年里，人們一直叫她黛比——一個(gè)和她漂亮的容貌和優(yōu)雅的風(fēng)度不相配的名字

10、。 "我的名字老是使我覺得自己應(yīng)該是一個(gè)女廚子," 她抱怨道。"我真的不想要黛比這個(gè)名字。",,When did Debbie substituted her middle name, Lynne, for her first name?What difference did it make when she substituted her middle name? Para.2,Para.

11、2,One day, while filling out an application form for a publishing job, the young woman impulsively substituted her middle name, Lynne, for her first name Debbie.“ That was the smartest thing I ever did," she says no

12、w. “ As soon as I stopped calling myself Debbie, I felt more comfortable with myself ... and other people started to take me more seriously.“ Two years after her successful job interview, the former waitress is now a suc

13、cessful magazine editor. Friends and associates call her Lynne.,,When did Debbie substituted her middle name, Lynne, for her first name? One day, while filling out an application form for a publishing job,… .

14、 What difference did it make when she substituted her middle name? “As soon as I stopped calling myself Debbie, I felt more comfortable with myself…and other people start to take me more seriously. ”,,一天，在填寫出版工作申請(qǐng)表

15、時(shí)，這位小姐一時(shí)沖動(dòng),用她的中名林恩替換了她的名字黛比。 "這是我一生中干的最漂亮的事,"現(xiàn)在她對(duì)人這樣說。 "我一停止稱自己為黛比，我就對(duì)自己感到比較舒坦了……而且其他人也開始更認(rèn)真地對(duì)待我了。" 在成功地通過那次工作面試兩年后，這位昔日的女服務(wù)員現(xiàn)在成了一位成功的雜志編輯。 朋友和同事們都叫她林恩。,,Para.3 What did the writer think of Debbi

16、e’s name change?,Para.3,Naturally, the name change didn‘t cause Debbie/Lynne’s professional achievement—but it surely helped if only by adding a bit o

17、f self-confidence to her talents. Social scientists say that what you‘re called can affect your life. Throughout history, names have not merely  ident

18、ified people but also described them. “As his name is, so is he.” says the Bible, and Webster’s Dictionary includes the following 

19、definition of name: “a word or words expressing some quality considered characteristic or descriptive of a person or a thing, often ex

20、pressing approval or disapproval”.,,Note well “approval or disapproval”. For better or worse, qualities such as friendliness or reserve, plainnes

21、s or charm may be suggested by your name and conveyed to other people before they even meet you.,,Para.3 What did the writer think of Debbie’s name change?

22、 Naturally, the name change didn’t cause Debbie/Lynne’s professional achievement---but it surely helped if only by adding a bit of self-confidence to her talents.,,當(dāng)然, 黛比 (或林恩) 的職業(yè)成就并不是改名帶來的，但是它肯定給她帶來了好處，雖說改名僅使她對(duì)自己的才能增加

23、了一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)自信。 社會(huì)科學(xué)家認(rèn)為你叫什么名字會(huì)影響你的生活。 自古至今，名字不僅被用來識(shí)別人，而且也被用來描述人。圣經(jīng)上說： "……人如其名 ……"，此外韋伯斯特大詞典也對(duì)名字作了如下的定義： "表達(dá)某種特點(diǎn)的一個(gè)或幾個(gè)字, 這種特點(diǎn)被認(rèn)為反映了某人或某事的本質(zhì)、或描述了某人某事，常表示嘉許或不喜歡的意思。" 請(qǐng)好好注意這幾個(gè)詞："嘉許或不喜歡。" 不管是好是歹，諸如友好或拘謹(jǐn)，

24、相貌平?；蚱翄趁牡绕焚|(zhì)特征已經(jīng)和你的名字連在了一起，甚至在他人見到你本人之前就已經(jīng)知道你的這些品質(zhì)了。,Para.4,Names become attached to specific images, as anyone who's been called "a plain Jane"&#

25、160;or "just an average Joe" can show. The latter name particularly bothers me since my name is Joe, which some think ma

26、kes me more qualified to be a baseball player than, say, an art critic. Yet, despite this disadvantage, I did manage to&

27、#160;become an art critic for a time. Even so, one prominent magazine consistently refused to print "Joe" in my by-line,

28、 using my first initials, J. S., instead. I suspect that if I were a more refined Arthur or Adrian, the name would&

29、#160;have appeared complete.,,名字已成為特定形象的組成部分, 任何一個(gè)被稱為"相貌平常的珍妮"或"普普通通的喬"的人都能證明這一點(diǎn)。 后面的那個(gè)名字特別使我煩惱，因?yàn)槲业拿忠步袉獭Ｓ行┤苏J(rèn)為這個(gè)名字使我更適合于做一個(gè)棒球運(yùn)動(dòng)員而不是，比如說，藝術(shù)評(píng)論家。 然而，盡管有此不利，我確實(shí)曾一度努力想成為一名評(píng)論家。 即使如此，一家著名雜志一直拒絕把"喬

30、"作為我的文章的作者署名，而是用我名字的首字母 J.S. 來代替它。 我懷疑假如我的名字是比較文雅的阿瑟、或艾德里安的話，我的名字早已完整地出現(xiàn)在雜志上了。,Para.5,Of course, names with a positive sense can work for you and even enco

31、urage new acquaintances. A recent survey showed that American men thought Susan to be the most attractive female name, while women

32、 believed Richard and David were the most attractive for men. One woman I know turned down a blind date with a man 

33、named Harry because "he sounded dull". Several evenings later, she came up to me at a party, pressing for an introductio

34、n to a very impressive man; they'd been exchanging glances all evening. "Oh," I said. "You mean Harry." She

35、0;was ill at ease.,,當(dāng)然, 有積極含義的名字對(duì)你是有好處的，甚至能促進(jìn)你結(jié)交新友。 最新調(diào)查表明：美國男人認(rèn)為蘇珊是最有吸引力的女性名字，而女人則認(rèn)為里查德和戴維是男人中最有吸引力的名字。 我認(rèn)識(shí)一個(gè)女人，她拒絕了一次由第三方安排的、與一個(gè)叫哈里的男人的約會(huì)，因?yàn)?quot;這人聽上去沒勁"。 可就在幾天后的一個(gè)晚間聚會(huì)上，她走到我身邊，催逼著我把她介紹給一個(gè)給人以深刻印象的男

36、人；他們倆人整個(gè)晚上都在互送秋波。 "哦"，我說"你指的是哈里呀。"她聽了后感到很尷尬。,,Para.6 Why did the writer say that we were all guilty of name stereotyping to some extent?,Para.6,Though most of us would l

37、ike to think ourselves free from such prejudiced notions, we're all guilty of name stereotyping to some extent. Confess: Wouldn'

38、;t you be surprised to meet a carpenter named Nigel? A physicistnamed Bertha? A Pope Mel? Often, we project name-based s

39、tereotypes on people, as one woman friend discovered while taking charge of a nursery school's group of four-year-olds. "There 

40、;I was, trying to get a little active boy named Julian to sit quietly and read a book—and pushing a thoughtful creature named 

41、;Rory to play ball. I had their personalities confused because of their names!",,Para.6 Why did the writer say that we were all guilty of name stereotypin

42、g to some extent? Often, we project name-based stereotypes on people, as one woman friend discovered while taking charge of a nursery school’s group of four-year-olds.,,雖然我們中大多數(shù)人會(huì)認(rèn)為自己沒有這樣的偏見，但在某種程度上，我們都有對(duì)名字產(chǎn)生固定看法的毛

43、病。 老老實(shí)實(shí)地坦白：你碰到一個(gè)名叫奈杰兒的木匠會(huì)不會(huì)感到驚訝呢？ 或是一個(gè)叫伯撒的物理學(xué)家呢？抑或是一個(gè)叫梅爾的教皇呢？ 正如我的一位女性朋友在照看一批托兒所里的四歲兒童時(shí)所發(fā)現(xiàn)的那樣, 我們常常把由名字引起的固定想法加到他人身上。 "在托兒所里,有一次我想叫一個(gè)名字為朱利安的、活躍的小男孩靜靜地坐下來看書, 同時(shí)把一個(gè)喜歡沉思的、名叫羅里的孩子推出去打球。 因?yàn)樗麄兊拿?，我把他們的性格給搞混了！",Para.7

44、,Apparently, such prejudices can affect classroom achievement as well. In a study conducted by Herbert Harari of San Diego State University, 

45、;and John McDavid of Georgia State University, teachers gave consistently lower grades on essays apparently written by boys named Elmer and Hubert than

46、0;they awarded to the same papers when the writers' names were given as Michael and David. However, teacher prejudice isn't the only source of

47、 classroom difference.,,Dr. Thomas V. Busse and Louisa Seraydarian of Temple University found those girls with names such as Linda, Dia

48、ne, Barbara, Carol, and Cindy performed better on objectively graded IQ and achievement tests than did girls with less appealing names. (A c

49、ompanion study showed girls‘ popularity with their peers was also related to the popularity of their names―although the connection was less clear

50、 for boys.),,很明顯，這樣的偏見也會(huì)影響課堂效果的。 在一項(xiàng)由圣迭戈州立大學(xué)的赫伯特·哈拉里及喬治亞州立大學(xué)的約翰·麥克戴維主持的研究中，與名叫邁克和戴維的作文卷子相比， 教師老是給卷上名字為埃爾默和休伯特的男孩寫的文章打較低的分?jǐn)?shù), 實(shí)際這是同樣的兩份卷子。 但是教師的偏見不是造成課堂得分差別的唯一原因。 坦普爾大學(xué)的托馬斯·V·巴斯博士和路易莎·塞雷達(dá)里恩發(fā)現(xiàn)：

51、那些名叫琳達(dá)、戴安娜、芭芭拉、卡羅爾及辛迪之類的女孩們?cè)谠u(píng)分客觀公正的智力測(cè)驗(yàn)和學(xué)業(yè)成績測(cè)驗(yàn)中的成績比那些名字不太有吸引力的女孩要好。 （一個(gè)與之配套的研究表明：女孩受同齡人歡迎的程度也與她們的名字受歡迎的程度有關(guān)系。雖然對(duì)男孩來說這種關(guān)系不太明顯。）,Para.8,Though your parents probably meant your name to las

52、t a lifetime, remember that when they picked it they'd hardly met you, and the hopes and dreams they valued when they cho

53、se it may not match yours. If your name no longer seems to fit you, don't despair; you aren't stuck with the

54、0;label. Movie stars regularly change their names, and with some determination, you can, too.,,雖然你父母很可能打算讓你的名字一輩子用下去，但記住, 他們選這個(gè)名字的時(shí)侯，也許還沒有見過你呢。 而且, 當(dāng)他們選擇這個(gè)名字時(shí)，他

55、們所重視的希望和夢(mèng)想也許不符合你的希望和夢(mèng)想。假如你的名字看上去不再跟你相配時(shí)，不要苦惱；你不必一輩子用這個(gè)名字。 影星們經(jīng)常改名，而且是懷著某種決心這樣做的，你也可以這樣做。,Part Division,Part IPart IIPart IIIPart IV,Paras.1 & 2Para.3Paras.4-7Para.8,,Part 1—1-2: A specific example of name

56、.Part 2—3: A general statement of name. Throughout history…,Part 3—4-7: 4 arguments:1st: names become attached to specific images…2nd: names with positive sense…3rd: most of us have some prejudiced notions…4th: such

57、 prejudices can affect classroom achievement…,,Part 4—8: If your name no longer seems to fit you, do not despair—just change it.,Feel like doing,have a wish for ；want我現(xiàn)在不想去度假→I don’t feel like taking a holiday now我不想當(dāng)

58、主席→I don’t feel like a president,application,1. application n. 1. [U, C] official request申請(qǐng)，請(qǐng)求I've sent off applications for four different jobs.我已對(duì)四份不同的工作寄出了求職信。2. [U, C] act of putting a theory, discovery,

59、 etc. to practical use應(yīng)用，使用，運(yùn)用In my business I use word processing applications.在我的業(yè)務(wù)上，我使用文字處理應(yīng)用程序。The design has many applications.這項(xiàng)設(shè)計(jì)有很多用途。,,apply vt. 申請(qǐng)；涂，敷；應(yīng)用I am continuing to apply for jobs. 我在繼續(xù)申請(qǐng)工作。vi

60、. 申請(qǐng)；涂，敷；適用；請(qǐng)求The convention does not apply to us. 該協(xié)定對(duì)我們不適用。applicant n. 申請(qǐng)人 請(qǐng)求者We have had lots of applicants for these positions. 對(duì)這些職位我們已有了很多申請(qǐng)人。,fill out,1.填寫 [同fill in] →及物動(dòng)詞詞組,2.長胖,變豐滿 →不及物動(dòng)詞詞組,請(qǐng)?zhí)顚懩愕闹?/p>

61、并在上面簽字,e.g.,→ Please fill out your check and sign it.,e.g.,這孩子過去很瘦,近來胖多了,→ He used to be a very thin child but he’s filled out a lot r

62、ecently,substitute,搭配：,1.substitute A for B 用A代替B,2.substitute sb. by / with another 用別人接替某人,3. substitute for sb. /sth. 代替，替換，取代,e.g.,我們得用新椅子代替這把破椅子,→We must substitute a new chair for the broken one,substitute for,1

63、.沒有什么能夠代替營養(yǎng)豐富的食物和運(yùn)動(dòng),例如:,→There is no substitute for good food and exercise.,2.在這種烹飪法里蜂蜜能代替糖,→Honey can substitute for sugar in this recipe.,naturally,ad. 1. of course; as might be expected當(dāng)然，預(yù)料中地Naturally, as a beginne

64、r I'm not a very good driver yet.當(dāng)然，作為初學(xué)者，我還不是一個(gè)好駕駛員。"Did you answer her letter?" "Naturally!""你給她回信了嗎？""當(dāng)然啰！“2. by nature 天性，天生He's naturally funny; he doesn't even ha

65、ve to try.他天生滑稽可笑，根本用不著刻意做作。Dancing seemed to come naturally to her.看來她生來就會(huì)跳舞。,,confidence,n. 1. [U] feeling of certainty; trust in one's own ability信心，自信He answered the questions with confidence.他很自信地回答了問題。Sh

66、e lacks confidence. I've never known anyone so shy and unsure of themselves.她缺少自信。我從未見過如此膽怯和對(duì)自己沒有信心的人。2. [U] trust (in sb., in sb.'s ability, or in what is said, reported, etc.)信賴，信任，相信Don't put too much

67、confidence in what the papers say.不要過分相信報(bào)紙上所說的。 self-confidence n. [U] trust in oneself; trust in one's own abilities自信He had the self-confidence to argue with the self-styled authority.他有信心去和那個(gè)自稱為權(quán)威的人進(jìn)行辯論,,

68、characteristic,e.g. Rainy days are characteristic of June. be characteristic of: ……的特點(diǎn)是……,,approval,e.g. The father expressed approval of what the son did. more phrases: nod one’s approval nod i

69、n approval,,convey,e.g. His music conveys (expresses) a sense of optimism.,,label,e.g. I read the information on the label, and then decided to buy one.,Ill at ease,e.g. I always feel ill at ease in a str

70、ange environment. Give him a drink to put him at his ease.,,If only,used to say that something is good only for a limited purpose or time.,,not merely…but also,Throughout history, names have not merely identifie

71、d people but also described them.not merely…but also = not only…but also從古至今，名字不僅被用來識(shí)別別人，而且也被用來描述人。,,,For better or worse, qualities such as friendliness or reserve, plainness or charm may be suggested by your name a

72、nd conveyed to other people before they even meet you. for better or worse: whether the result is good or bad … for richer or poorer, in sickness and in health, for better or worse, till death do us part. ……無論貧

73、窮還是富有，疾病還是健康，相敬相愛，不離不棄。,,say,say: 此處無意義，僅作連詞，表達(dá)驚訝的語氣，或者引起某人的注意。 e.g. Say, are you OK?,,IQ,Intelligence Quotient 情商A measure of a person's intelligence as indicated by an intelligence test; the ratio of a perso

74、n's mental age to their chronological age (multiplied by 100)EQEmotional Quotient,,Be stuck with,Be forced to have or use something.無法擺脫，不得不接受，堅(jiān)持我們當(dāng)中有些人已經(jīng)被這個(gè)問題纏繞兩個(gè)星期了。Some of us have seen stuck with the problem